Bidayuh Bukar-Sadong
Bukar-Sadong Bidayuh
Austronesian (Land Dayak, Bidayuhic)
Bukar-Sadong is the largest Bidayuh (Land Dayak) variety, spoken inland from Kuching in Sarawak’s Serian Division. Like other Bidayuhic languages it has a small phoneme inventory but a famously rich set of final glottal stops and nasal codas; the Bukar-Sadong orthography developed by the Bidayuh Language Development Project serves as the basis for the unified school Bidayuh.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Bukar-Sadong Bidayuh
Sources
- Topping, Donald M. (1970) A Linguistic Analysis of Bukar Sadong. Sarawak Museum Journal.
- Rensch, Calvin R. et al. (2012) The Bidayuh Language: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. SIL.
- Glottolog: Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Austronesian (Land Dayak, Bidayuhic)
| Meaning | Bukar-Sadong Bidayuh | Old Malay | Proto-Austronesian | Banjar | Ngaju | Sasak | Musi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | umoʼ /umoʔ/ | air /air/ | *daNum /daNum/ | banyu /baɲu/ | danum /danum/ | aiq /aiʔ/ | ayek /ajek/ |
| Fire | apui /aˈpui/ | api /api/ | *Sapuy /Sapuy/ | api /api/ | apui /apui/ | api /api/ | api /api/ |
| Sun | batŭh andu /batəh andu/ | matari /matari/ | *waRi /waRi/ | matahari /matahari/ | matanandau /matanandau/ | jelo /dʒəlo/ | matahari /matahari/ |
| Moon | bulan /buˈlan/ | bulan /bulan/ | *bulaN /bulaN/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ |
| Star | bintŭʼ /bintəʔ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | *bituqen /bituqen/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ |
| Night | bengaru /bəŋaru/ | malam /malam/ | *beRŋi /beʀŋi/ | malam /malam/ | hamalem /hamaləm/ | malem /maləm/ | malem /maləm/ |
| Earth | tanaʼ /tanaʔ/ | — | *taneq /taneq/ | tanah /tanah/ | petak /petak/ | tanaq /tanaʔ/ | tanah /tanah/ |
| Stone | batu /baˈtu/ | batu /batu/ | *batu /batu/ | batu /ˈbatu/ | batu /batu/ | batu /batu/ | batu /batu/ |
| Mother | andŭ /andə/ | ibu /ibu/ | *ina /ina/ | uma /uma/ | indu /indu/ | inaq /inaʔ/ | mak /mak/ |
| Father | amang /amaŋ/ | bapa /bapa/ | *ama /ama/ | abah /abah/ | bapa /bapa/ | amaq /amaʔ/ | bapak /bapak/ |
| I | aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ | *aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ |
| You | amuʼ /amuʔ/ | kamu /kamu/ | *iSu /iSu/ | ikam /ikam/ | ikau /ikau/ | side /sidə/ | kau /kau/ |
| We | ami /ami/ | kita / kami /kita / kami/ | *kita / *kami /kita / kami/ | kita / kami /kita / kami/ | itah / ikei /itah / ikei/ | ite / kami /itə / kami/ | kito / kami /kito / kami/ |
| Name | ganan /ɡanan/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ | *ŋajan /ŋajan/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ | aran /aran/ | aran /aran/ | namo /namo/ |
| Eye | bateh /baˈteh/ | mata /mata/ | *maCa /maCa/ | mata /mata/ | mate /mate/ | mate /matə/ | mato /mato/ |
| Ear | kaping /kaˈpiŋ/ | — | *Caliŋa /tsaliŋa/ | talinga /taˈliŋa/ | pinding /pindiŋ/ | kentok /kəntok/ | telingo /teliŋo/ |
| Nose | undung /unduŋ/ | — | *ujuŋ /ujuŋ/ | hidung /hiduŋ/ | urung /uruŋ/ | irung /iruŋ/ | idung /iduŋ/ |
| Mouth | bebaʼ /bəbaʔ/ | — | — | muntung /muntuŋ/ | nyama /ɲama/ | biwih /biwih/ | mulut /mulut/ |
| Tooth | jipeu /dʒipeu/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ | *nipen /nipen/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ | kasinga /kasiŋa/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ |
| Tongue | jeli /dʒeli/ | lidah /lidah/ | *Sema /Sema/ | ilat /ilat/ | jela /dʒelaʔ/ | elaq /əlaʔ/ | lidah /lidah/ |
| Hand | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | *lima /lima/ | tangan /taŋan/ | lengen /ləŋən/ | ime /imə/ | tangan /taŋan/ |
| Heart | sintung /sintuŋ/ | hati /hati/ | *pusuq /pusuq/ | ati /ati/ | atei /atei/ | ate /ate/ | hati /hati/ |
| Bone | turang /turaŋ/ | tulang /tulaŋ/ | *CuqelaN /CuqelaN/ | tulang /tulaŋ/ | tulang /tulaŋ/ | tolang /tolaŋ/ | tulang /tulaŋ/ |
| Blood | daya /daja/ | darah /darah/ | *daRaq /daRaq/ | darah /darah/ | daha /dahaʔ/ | daraq /daraʔ/ | darah /darah/ |
| Poop | taki /taki/ | — | *Caqi /tsaqi/ | tahi /tahi/ | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ | taik /taik/ |
| Love | — /—/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | — /—/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | sinta /sinta/ | tresne /trəsnə/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ |
| Tree | kayuh /kaˈjuh/ | kayu /kaju/ | *kaSiw /kaSiw/ | batang /bataŋ/ | kayu /kaju/ | lolon kayu /lolon kaju/ | kayu /kaju/ |
| Dog | kasung /kasuŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | *asu /asu/ | hadupan /hadupan/ | asu /asu/ | acong /aˈtʃoŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ |
| Cat | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | pusa /pusa/ | posa /posa/ | meong /meoŋ/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ |
| Fish | ekan /ekan/ | ikan /ikan/ | *Sikan /Sikan/ | iwak /ˈiwak/ | lauk /ˈlauk/ | empaq /əmpaʔ/ | ikan /ˈikan/ |
| Bear | buhang /buˈhaŋ/ | — | *Cumay /Cumay/ | biruang /biruaŋ/ | bahuang /bahuaŋ/ | beruang /bəruaŋ/ | — |
| House | ramin /raˈmin/ | rumah /rumah/ | *Rumaq /Rumaq/ | rumah /rumah/ | huma /huma/ | bale /bale/ | rumah /rumah/ |
| Eat | maʼan /maʔan/ | makan /makan/ | *kaen /kaen/ | makan /makan/ | kuman /kuman/ | mangan /maŋan/ | makan /makan/ |
| Drink | nyihŭp /ɲihəp/ | minum /minum/ | *inum /inum/ | nginum /ŋinum/ | mihop /mihop/ | nginem /ŋinəm/ | minum /minum/ |
| One | indi /indi/ | sa /sa/ | *isa /isa/ | asa /asa/ | ije /ije/ | sekéq /səkeʔ/ | siko /siko/ |
| Two | duɔh /duɔh/ | dua /dua/ | *duSa /duSa/ | dua /dua/ | due /ˈdue/ | due /duə/ | duo /duo/ |
| Three | taruh /taːruh/ | tlu /tlu/ | *telu /telu/ | talu /talu/ | telo /təlo/ | telu /təlu/ | tigo /tiɡo/ |
| Four | umpat /umpat/ | mpat /əmpat/ | *Sepat /səpat/ | ampat /ampat/ | epat /əpat/ | empat /əmpat/ | empat /əmpat/ |
| Five | rimah /riməh/ | lima /lima/ | *lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | lime /lime/ | lima /limə/ | limo /limo/ |
| Hundred | siratus /siraːtus/ | ratus /ratus/ | *RaCus /RaCus/ | saratus /saratus/ | saratus /saratus/ | satus /satus/ | seratus /səratus/ |
| Hello | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | salam /salam/ | salamat /salamat/ | salam /salam/ | halo /halo/ |
| Thank you | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | tarima kasih /tarima kasih/ | tarima kasih /tarima kasih/ | tampi asih /tampi asih/ | terimo kasih /terimo kasih/ |
| Good | paaguh /paːɡuh/ | baik /baik/ | — /—/ | bagus /baɡus/ | bahalap /bahalap/ | solah /solah/ | bagus /baɡus/ |
| Red | bidayak /bidajak/ | merah /merah/ | *ma-iRaq /ma-iRaq/ | habang /habaŋ/ | bahandang /bahandaŋ/ | beaq /beaʔ/ | merah /ˈmerah/ |
Page 1/6
Open the interactive map: Word Map · HanMap · Name Map · Word Order · Tree
Part of LangMap — a linguistic visualization project. This is a static, crawlable summary; the interactive maps offer pronunciation audio, filters, and a globe view.
Made by Heuron Inc. · GitHub · cho@heuron.com · LangMap home