Urhobo
Atlantic-Congo (Volta-Niger, Edoid, Southwestern)
Urhobo is a Southwestern Edoid language of the Niger Delta region, closely related to Edo (bin), Esan, and Isoko. The Urhobo people are one of the major ethnic groups of the Niger Delta, traditionally fisher-farmers in the swampy lower Niger. Tonal with three contrastive tones; verb morphology includes prefix-based aspect marking. The Urhobo Historical Society (1957) and Urhobo Studies Association have produced extensive lexical and orthographic resources.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Urhobo
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Atlantic-Congo (Volta-Niger, Edoid, Southwestern)
| Meaning | Urhobo | Isoko | Yekhee | Edo | Degema | Efik | Ibibio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | ame /ame/ | ame /ame/ | amɛ /amɛ/ | amẹ /amɛ̃/ | amin /amin/ | mmọñ /m̩mɔŋ/ | mmọọñ /m̩mɔːŋ/ |
| Fire | erhanre /eɾanɾe/ | erae /eɾae/ | eria /eɾia/ | erhẹn /eɾɛ̃/ | itany /itaɲ/ | ikañ /ikaŋ/ | ikañ /ikaŋ/ |
| Sun | uvo /uvo/ | ọvẹ /ɔvɛ/ | ovan /ovan/ | ovẹn /oʋɛ̃/ | uvuwo /uvuwo/ | utin /utin/ | utịn /utɪn/ |
| Moon | emeranvwe /emeɾanβwe/ | ọwa /ɔwa/ | ukpoki /ukpoki/ | uki /uki/ | obaam /obəəm/ | ọfiọñ /ɔfiɔŋ/ | afiọñ /afiɔŋ/ |
| Star | isio /isio/ | esi /esi/ | isi /isi/ | orhọnmwẹ /oɾɔ̃mwɛ̃/ | ụsemese /ʊsɛmɛsɛ/ | ntantaọfiọn̄ /n̩tantaˈɔfiɔŋ/ | ntantaafiọñ /ntantaːfiɔŋ/ |
| Night | aso /aso/ | aso /aso/ | eridai /eridai/ | asọn /asɔ̃/ | ạsu /asʊ/ | okoneyo /okonejo/ | akonayio /akonajio/ |
| Rain | osio /osio/ | oso /oso/ | — | — | ọkpar /ɔkpaɾ/ | edim /edim/ | edịm /eˈdɪm/ |
| Wind | aphopho /aɸoɸo/ | ofou /ofou/ | — | ẹhoho /ɛhoho/ | — | ofim /ofim/ | afịm /afɪm/ |
| Earth | otọ /ɔtɔ/ | otọ /ɔtɔ/ | — | otọ /otɔ/ | — | isọñ /isɔŋ/ | isọñ /isɔŋ/ |
| Stone | oraga /oɾaɡa/ | — | udo /udo/ | okuta /okuta/ | ohinw /ohiŋʷ/ | itiat /itiat/ | itiat /itiat/ |
| Mountain | ugbenu /uɡbenu/ | ugbehru /uɡbehɾu/ | — | oke /oke/ | igu /iɡu/ | obot /obot/ | abod /abod/ |
| Sea | abadi /abadi/ | abade /abade/ | — | okun /okũ/ | — | inyañ /iɲaŋ/ | akpa inyañ /akpa iɲaŋ/ |
| Mother | oni /oni/ | oni /oni/ | iye /ije/ | iye /ije/ | onomo /onomo/ | eka /eka/ | eka /eka/ |
| Father | ọsẹ /ɔsɛ/ | ọsẹ /ɔsɛ/ | eθa /eθa/ | érhá /eɾa/ | ọsunomo /ɔsʊnɔmɔ/ | ete /ete/ | ete /ete/ |
| Daughter | ọmọtẹ /ɔmɔtɛ/ | ọmọtẹ /ɔmɔtɛ/ | — | ọmọ okhuo /ɔmɔ oxuo/ | ọkpatam /ɔkpatam/ | eyen an̄wan /ejɛn aŋwan/ | ayịn awonwaan /ajɪn awoŋwan/ |
| I | mẹ /mɛ/ | mẹ /mɛ/ | mẹ /mɛ/ | mẹ /mɛ̃/ | mẹẹ /mɛɛ/ | ami /aˈmi/ | ami /àmì/ |
| You | wẹ /wɛ/ | whẹ /ʍɛ/ | wẹ /wɛ/ | wẹ /wɛ/ | wọọ /wɔɔ/ | afo /aˈfo/ | afo /àfò/ |
| We | avwanre /aβwanɾe/ | ma /ma/ | mae /mae/ | ma /ma/ | eni /eni/ | nnyin /nɲin/ | nnyịn /ǹɲìn/ |
| Name | odẹ /odɛ/ | odẹ /odɛ/ | ena /ena/ | eni /ẽ̀nĩ̀/ | ini /ini/ | enyiñ /eɲiŋ/ | anyịn̄ /aɲɪŋ/ |
| Person | ohwo /ohwo/ | ohwo /ohwo/ | — | ọmwa /ɔmwã/ | oweey /oweej/ | owo /owo/ | awo /awo/ |
| Head | uyovwi /ujoβwi/ | uzou /uzou/ | usumi /usumi/ | uhunmwu /uhũmwũ/ | utom /utom/ | ibuot /ibuot/ | iwuod /iwuod/ |
| Eye | ẹro /ɛɾo/ | ẹro /ɛɾo/ | evua /evua/ | aro /aro/ | ụnwo ạḍu /ʊŋʷɔ aɗʊ/ | enyin /eɲin/ | anyen /aɲen/ |
| Ear | erhọn /eɾɔ̃/ | ozọ /ozɔ/ | eo /eo/ | ehọ /ehɔ/ | ụsow /ʊsɔw/ | utọñ /utɔŋ/ | utọñ /utɔŋ/ |
| Nose | uwen /uwẽ/ | unwe /unwe/ | isue /isue/ | ihue /ihue/ | isuveny /isuveɲ/ | ibuo /ibuo/ | iwuo /iwuo/ |
| Mouth | unu /unu/ | unu /unu/ | uno /uno/ | unu /unu/ | enu /enu/ | inua /inua/ | inua /inua/ |
| Tooth | ako /ako/ | akọ /akɔ/ | ako /ako/ | akọn /akɔ̃/ | ụku /ʊkʊ/ | edet /edet/ | edet /edet/ |
| Tongue | erebe /erebe/ | erou /eɾou/ | olemi /olemi/ | aranmwẹ /aranmwɛ̃/ | ụḍem /ʊɗɛm/ | edeme /edeme/ | edeme /edeme/ |
| Hand | obọ /obɔ/ | obọ /obɔ/ | oba /oba/ | obọ /obɔ/ | ụḅo /ʊɓɔ/ | ubọk /ubɔk/ | ubọk /ubɔk/ |
| Foot | owọ /owɔ/ | owọ /owɔ/ | — | owẹ /owɛ/ | avi /avi/ | ukot /ukot/ | ukot /ukot/ |
| Heart | udu /udu/ | udu /udu/ | itsu /itsu/ | ekhọe /exɔe/ | ụnwo ivom /ʊŋʷɔ ivom/ | esit /esit/ | esịd /esɪd/ |
| Bone | ubeku /ubeku/ | ubeku /ubeku/ | ugoa /uɡoa/ | ùgbòlòkò /ùɡbòlòkò/ | uḅuwo /uɓuwo/ | ọkpọ /ɔkpɔ/ | akpọ /akpɔ/ |
| Blood | ọbara /ɔbaɾa/ | azẹ /azɛ/ | atale /atale/ | esagiẹn /esaɡiɛ̃/ | ịjzalam /ɪzalam/ | iyip /ijip/ | iyiib /ijiːb/ |
| Poop | isọn /isɔ̃/ | isọ /isɔ/ | — | — | — | ifuọ /ifuɔ/ | uduañ /uduaŋ/ |
| Love | ẹguọnọ /ɛɡwɔnɔ/ | ọsuọ /ɔswɔ/ | gbele /ɡbele/ | arhuẹmwonmwan /aɾuɛ̃mwɛ̃/ | — /—/ | ima /ima/ | ima /ima/ |
| Tree | urhe /uɾe/ | orhan /oɾan/ | orhan /oɾhan/ | erhan /eɾã/ | ụtany /ʊtaɲ/ | eto /eto/ | eto /eto/ |
| Dog | eranko /eɾanko/ | ebọ /ebɔ/ | agbon /aɡbon/ | awa /awa/ | ạḅuwa /aɓʊwa/ | ebua /ebua/ | ewa /ewa/ |
| Cat | ọtọma /ɔtɔma/ | ọtọmha /ɔtɔmha/ | otsuvua /otsuvua/ | apusi /apusi/ | pọsi /pɔsɪ/ | nyabudaha /ɲabudaha/ | ekpe /ekpe/ |
| Fish | eri /eɾi/ | yei /jei/ | eseri /eseri/ | ehẹn /ehɛ̃/ | esen /esen/ | iyak /ijak/ | iyak /ijak/ |
| Bird | ọphran /ɔɸɾan/ | evra /evɾa/ | apfiami /apfiami/ | ahianmwẹ /ahjãmwɛ̃/ | ẹfen /ɛfɛn/ | inuen /inuen/ | inuen /inuen/ |
| Butterfly | erhi /eɾi/ | ẹvbovbo /ɛʋoʋo/ | aviẹviẹ /aviɛviɛ/ | ebalabala /ebalabala/ | — | ọfọñekpo /ɔfɔŋekpo/ | mkpufiopufiop /m̩kpufiopufiop/ |
| Egg | ukẹn /ukɛ̃/ | ike /ike/ | — | ekẹrẹ /ekɛrɛ/ | — | nsen /n̩sen/ | ñkwaunen /ŋkwaunen/ |
| Horse | esi /esi/ | anyenya /aɲeɲa/ | akazi /akaʒi/ | ẹ́sín /ɛsĩ/ | — | enañ mbakara /enaŋ mbakara/ | enañ mbakara /enaŋ mbakara/ |
| House | uwevwi /uweβwi/ | uwowhe /uwowhe/ | ukekpe /ukekpe/ | owa /owa/ | ụvay /ʊvaj/ | ufọk /ufɔk/ | ufọk /ufɔk/ |
| Milk | ameivie /ameivie/ | imiliki /imiliki/ | — | ewẹn /ewɛ̃/ | — | mmọñeba /m̩mɔŋeba/ | mmọñ eba /m̩mɔŋ eba/ |
| Honey | ọnyọn /ɔɲɔ̃/ | ọnyọ /ɔɲɔ/ | — | owọn /owɔ̃/ | — | aranọkwọk /aranɔkwɔk/ | adan akwọk /adan akwɔk/ |
| Salt | ughweraka /uɣʷeɾaka/ | uwhei /uʍei/ | umeri /umeri/ | umwẹ /umwɛ̃/ | uḅuwan /uɓuwən/ | inuñ /inuŋ/ | inụñ /inʌŋ/ |
| Wine | iwaini /iwaini/ | enwaene /enwaene/ | — | ayọn /ajɔ̃/ | — | wine /wain/ | wain /wain/ |
| Rice | irosu /iɾosu/ | osikapa /osikapa/ | — | izẹ /izɛ/ | — | edesi /edesi/ | edesi /edesi/ |
| Iron | utehru /utehɾu/ | ayọno /ajɔno/ | akure /akuɾe/ | ematọn /ematɔ̃/ | ikulele /ikulele/ | ukwak /ukwak/ | ukwak /ukwak/ |
| Wheel | adjugẹn /adʒuɡɛn/ | ẹtẹ /ɛtɛ/ | — | owe /owe/ | — | — | wiil /wiːl/ |
| Silk | esada /esada/ | silki /silki/ | — | — | — | — | — |
| Book | ọbe /ɔbe/ | ụbị /ʊbɪ/ | — | ebe /ebe/ | — | ñwed /ŋwed/ | ñwed /ŋwed/ |
| Eat | re /ɾe/ | re /ɾe/ | remi /ɾemi/ | re /re/ | ḍi /ɗi/ | dia /dia/ | dia /dia/ |
| Drink | da /da/ | da /da/ | yamẹ /jamɛ/ | da /da/ | nyọnw /ɲɔŋʷ/ | ñwọñ /ŋwɔɲ/ | ñwọñ /ŋwɔŋ/ |
| Sleep | vwerhẹ /βweɾɛ/ | wezẹ /wɛzɛ/ | — | vbiẹ /ʋiɛ/ | mẹse /mɛsɛ/ | de /dɛ/ | daiya /daija/ |
| One | ọvo /ɔvo/ | ọvo /ɔvo/ | ɔkpa /ɔkpa/ | ọkpa /ɔkpa/ | ọvu /ɔvʊ/ | kiet /kiet/ | keed /kèèd/ |
| Two | ivẹ /ivɛ/ | ivẹ /ivɛ/ | eva /eva/ | eva /èʋà/ | iva /ivə/ | iba /iˈba/ | iba /ìbà/ |
| Three | erha /eɾa/ | isa /isa/ | ela /ela/ | eha /eha/ | ịsay /ɪsaj/ | ita /ita/ | ita /ita/ |
| Four | ẹne /ɛne/ | ịnị /ɪnɪ/ | ezie /eʒie/ | enẹ /ènɛ̀/ | — | inaŋ /inaŋ/ | inaŋ /ìnàŋ/ |
| Five | iyori /ijoɾi/ | isoi /isɔi/ | ise /ise/ | isẹn /isɛ̃/ | isuwon /isuwon/ | ition /itiɔn/ | ition /itiɔn/ |
| Hundred | ujori /udʒoɾi/ | ẹgba /ɛɡba/ | — | iyisẹn /ijisɛ̃/ | itany isuwon /itaɲ isuwon/ | ikie /ikie/ | ikie /íkíè/ |
| Hello | migwo /miɡwo/ | mavọ /mavɔ/ | udze /udze/ | kóyo /kojo/ | — /—/ | mọñọ /mɔɲɔ/ | mesiere /mesiere/ |
| Thank you | miguo /miɡuo/ | migwo /miɡwo/ | oyabuwere /ojabuweɾe/ | ù rú èsé /ù rú èsé/ | — /—/ | sọsọñọ /sɔsɔɲɔ/ | sọsọñọ /sɔsɔŋɔ/ |
| Good | emamọ /emamɔ/ | ọwhọ /ɔwhɔ/ | edue /edue/ | ma /ma/ | ovi /ovi/ | eti /eti/ | mfọn /mfɔn/ |
| New | ọkpokpọ /ɔkpokpɔ/ | ọkpokpọ /ɔkpokpɔ/ | — | ọgbọn /ɔɡbɔ̃/ | ọfany /ɔfaɲ/ | obufa /obufa/ | ufa /ufa/ |
| Red | wowe /wowe/ | wowe /wowe/ | bara /bara/ | baa /baː/ | ạtuatu /atʊatʊ/ | ndandat /ndandat/ | ndandat /ndandat/ |
| White | fafa /fafa/ | ọfuafụ /ɔfuafʊ/ | pfa /pfa/ | fua /fua/ | ọfufu /ɔfʊfʊ/ | afia /afia/ | afia /afia/ |
| Black | biebi /biebi/ | obiebi /obiebi/ | wisi /wisi/ | nekhui /nexui/ | obibi /obibi/ | obubit /obubit/ | obubit /obubit/ |
| Green | ọgiọgiọ /ɔɡiɔɡiɔ/ | — | — | ebeebe /ebeebe/ | — | awawa /awawa/ | awawa /awawa/ |
| Blue | iblu /iblu/ | iburu /ibuɾu/ | — | raghoragho /raɣoraɣo/ | — | awawa /awawa/ | bru /bru/ |
| Computer | ikọmputa /ikɔmputa/ | ekọmputa /ekɔmputa/ | — | ekọmputa /ekɔmputa/ | — | kọmputa /kɔmputa/ | — |
| Tea | iti /iti/ | iti /iti/ | — | eti /eti/ | — | — | ti /ti/ |
| Coffee | ikọfi /ikɔfi/ | ekọfi /ekɔfi/ | — | — | — | kọfi /kɔfi/ | kọfi /kɔfi/ |
| Sugar | oyibu /ojibu/ | isugẹ /isuɡɛ/ | — | — | — | suka /suka/ | — |
| Orange | utiẹn /utiɛ̃/ | otiowo /otiowo/ | — | — | — | sokoro /sokoro/ | — |
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