yaġnobí zivók

Yaghnobi

Iranian (Eastern)

FamilyIranian (Eastern) Speakers~13K ScriptCyrillic / Latin CountriesTajikistan (Yaghnob Valley) Official inNo (recognized minority) Vitalityvulnerable ISO 639-3yai

Yaghnobi is the only modern descendant of Sogdian, the Eastern Iranian lingua franca of the Silk Road for over a thousand years and the language of the Buddhist and Manichean documents of Dunhuang. It is spoken by descendants of Sogdian refugees who fled the 8th-century Arab conquest into the inaccessible Yaghnob valley of Tajikistan's Zarafshon range, and is one of the linguistically most precious minority languages in the world for the historical-comparative work it makes possible.

Where it is spoken

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87 core words in Yaghnobi

Water

op

op

Fire

olov

oˈlov

Sun

xur

xur

Moon

mahtob

mahˈtob

Star

sitora

siˈtora

Night

xišap

xiˈʃap

Rain

boron

boˈron

Snow

vafr

vafr

Wind

wōt

woːt

Earth

zōy

zoːj

Stone

sank

sank

Mountain

ġar

ʁar

Sea

bahr

bahr

Mother

ocha

oˈtʃa

Father

dodo

ˈdodo

Daughter

duxtar

duxˈtar

I

man

man

You

tu

tu

We

mox

mox

Name

nom

nom

Person

odam

oˈdam

Head

sar

sar

Eye

ġurda

ˈʁurda

Ear

ɣuš

ʁuʃ

Nose

nes

nes

Mouth

rax

rax

Tooth

dindak

dindak

Tongue

zivok

zivok

Hand

dast

dast

Foot

pōda

ˈpoːda

Heart

dil

dil

Bone

sitak

sitak

Blood

waxin

ˈwaxin

Poop

bulī

buliː

Love

—

—

Tree

diraxt

diˈraxt

Dog

kut

kut

Cat

pišak

piˈʃak

Fish

mohī

mohiː

Bird

parranda

parːanˈda

Butterfly

šaparak

ʃapaˈrak

Egg

taxm

taxm

Bear

xirs

xirs

Horse

asp

asp

House

kat

kat

Milk

xišift

xiʃift

Honey

asal

asal

Salt

namak

naˈmak

Wine

šarob

ʃaˈrob

Rice

rižona

riˈʒona

Iron

ohan

ohan

Wheel

čarx

tʃarx

Silk

birišim

biriˈʃim

Book

kitob

kitob

Eat

xwar

xʷar

Drink

žav

ʒav

Sleep

ufs

ufs

One

i

iː

Two

du

du

Three

tiray

tiˈraj

Four

tifor

tifor

Five

panč

pantʃ

Hundred

sad

sad

Hello

salom

salom

Thank you

rahmat

rahmat

Good

xub

xub

New

nawa

ˈnawa

Red

surx

surx

White

sapēd

saˈpeːd

Black

siyoh

siˈjoh

Green

sabz

sabz

Sources

Words compared

Compared with languages in the same classification: Iranian (Eastern)

Meaning YaghnobiTajikDariHazaragiClassical PersianMiddle PersianBakhtiari
Water op /op/ об /ob/ آب /ɑːb/ آو /ɑːw/ آب /aːb/ 𐭠𐭯 /aːb/ او /aw/
Fire olov /oˈlov/ оташ /otaʃ/ آتش /ɑːtaʃ/ آتش /ɑːtaʃ/ آتش /aːtaʃ/ 𐭠𐭲𐭱 /aːtaʃ/ تش /tæʃ/
Sun xur /xur/ офтоб /oftob/ خورشید /xoɾʃed/ آفتو /ɑːftow/ خورشید /xʷarʃeːd/ 𐭧𐭥𐭫𐭱𐭩𐭲 /xwarʃeːd/ خور /xor/
Moon mahtob /mahˈtob/ моҳ /moh/ ماه /mɑːh/ مه /maː/ ماه /maːh/ 𐭬𐭠𐭧 /maːh/ مانگ /mãŋ/
Star sitora /siˈtora/ ситора /sitoˈra/ ستاره /setɑːˈɾa/ ستاره /sitɑra/ ستاره /sitaːra/ 𐭮𐭲𐭠𐭫𐭪 /staːraɡ/ ئستاره /estɒːɾe/
Night xišap /xiˈʃap/ шаб /ʃab/ شب /ʃaw/ شو /ʃaw/ شب /ʃab/ 𐭱𐭯 /ʃab/ شو /ʃaw/
Rain boron /boˈron/ борон /boˈron/ باران /bɑːˈɾɑːn/ باران /bɒɾɒn/ باران /baːˈraːn/ 𐭥𐭠𐭫𐭠𐭭 /waːraːn/ بارون /bɒːrun/
Snow vafr /vafr/ барф /barf/ برف /barf/ برف /barf/ برف /barf/ 𐭥𐭯𐭫 /wafr/ برف /barf/
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