Iny rybè
Lingua karajá
Macro-Jê (Karajá)
Il karajá (autonimo Iny rybè) è una lingua macro-jê parlata da circa 3.000 persone lungo il fiume Araguaia e sull'isola di Bananal, nel Brasile centrale. È noto per differenze sistematiche tra parlata maschile e femminile — le forme femminili conservano spesso una /k/ che quelle maschili lasciano cadere.
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in lingua karajá
Fonti
- UT Austin Hunter-Gatherer Language Database #386
- Glottolog kara1500; ISO 639-3 kpj
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: Macro-Jê (Karajá)
| Significato | Lingua karajá | Lingua trumai | Lingua baniwa | Lingua yanomami | Lingua makushi | Lingua dâw | Lingua nivaclé |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | be /be/ | misu /misu/ | óoni /óoni/ | maũ ũ /maũ ũ/ | tuna /tuna/ | nǝ̌x /nə̌x/ | inɔʔt /inɔʔt/ |
| Fuoco | heɔtɨ /heɔtɨ/ | so /so/ | ttídzee /t̪ídzee/ | koa wakə /koa wakə/ | apóó /apóó/ | bohõ̂ /bohõ̂/ | itɔx /itɔx/ |
| Sole | tʃuu /tʃuu/ | atetla /atetla/ | kámoi /kámoi/ | motʰoka /motʰoka/ | wéi /wéi/ | xɨtɨ̂m /xɨtɨ̂m/ | xunkuklaʔj /xunkuklaʔj/ |
| Luna | ahãdu /ahãdu/ | atetlpak /atetlpak/ | kéeri /kéeɻi/ | peɾipo /peɾipo/ | kapói /kapói/ | xɨtɨ̂m /xɨtɨ̂m/ | xiweʔkla /xiweʔkla/ |
| Stella | taina /taina/ | asih /asih/ | hiwírhi /hiwíɻhi/ | ʃitikaɾi /ʃitikaɾi/ | sírikɨ́ /sírikɨ́/ | mʼæ̃̌h /mʼæ̃̌h/ | katiʔs /katiʔs/ |
| Notte | ruu /ruu/ | ʃanixnis /ʃanixnis/ | déepi /déepi/ | titi ha /titi ha/ | ewaron /ewaron/ | cem /cem/ | tuɬ /tuɬ/ |
| Pioggia | biu /biu/ | kʔawixu /kʔawixu/ | íidza /íidza/ | maː /maː/ | konoʔ /konoʔ/ | doɟ /doɟ/ | tʃanu /tʃanu/ |
| Neve | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | jekleʃe /jekleʃe/ |
| Vento | ɨhɨ /ɨhɨ/ | sut /sut/ | káwaaɺe /káwaaɺe/ | watoɾi /watoɾi/ | aʔsitun /aʔsitun/ | hǒt /hǒt/ | ɬawiʔm /ɬawiʔm/ |
| Terra | — /—/ | tenexne /tenexne/ | híipai /híipai/ | maʃitʰa /maʃitʰa/ | non /non/ | cax /cax/ | kotsxaʔt /kotsxaʔt/ |
| Pietra | mɨna /mɨna/ | itak /itak/ | hiipada /hiipada/ | maa ma /maa ma/ | tɨʔ /tɨʔ/ | pǎʃ /pǎʃ/ | utex /utex/ |
| Montagna | hãwãlɔ /hãwãlɔ/ | — | hidzápa /hidzápa/ | hehu /hehu/ | wɨʔ /wɨʔ/ | — | utejuk /utejuk/ |
| Madre | adi /adi/ | atle /atle/ | hádoa /hádoa/ | najə /najə/ | maʔmá /maʔmá/ | mɛ̃ʔ /mɛ̃ʔ/ | mimi /mimi/ |
| Padre | təbɨ /təbɨ/ | ao /ao/ | hániɻi /hániɻi/ | hajə /hajə/ | paʔpá /paʔpá/ | ʔǐp /ʔǐp/ | tata /tata/ |
| Figlia | deei /deːi/ | atadi /atadi/ | — | — | yensi /jensi/ | — | ɔse /ɔse/ |
| Io | dʒiarɨ̃ /dʒiarɨ̃/ | ha /ha/ | nhóa /nhóa/ | ja /ja/ | urɨ /urɨ/ | ʔãh /ʔãh/ | jiwaatʃa /jiwaatʃa/ |
| Tu | kai /kai/ | hi /hi/ | phía /pʰía/ | wa /wa/ | ámɨrɨ́ /ámɨrɨ́/ | ʔãm /ʔãm/ | awaatʃa /awaatʃa/ |
| Noi | dʒiarɨ̃ boho /dʒiarɨ̃ boho/ | ka wan / ha wan /ka wan / ha wan/ | wha /wha/ | pəmakə /pəmakə/ | uurɨʔnɨkon / anna /uurɨʔnɨkon / anna/ | ʔid /ʔid/ | kaswaatʃa / jiwaatʃeeɬ /kaswaatʃa / jiwaatʃeeɬ/ |
| Nome | ni /ni/ | taak /taak/ | iipítana /iipítana/ | wãhã /wãhã/ | yeseʔ /jeseʔ/ | xǎt /xǎt/ | ej /ej/ |
| Persona | inɨ /inɨ/ | iau /iau/ | newíki /newíki/ | jãnõmãmɨ /jãnõmãmɨ/ | pemonkon /pemoŋkoŋ/ | — | niwakle /niwakle/ |
| Testa | rati /rati/ | kut /kut/ | hiwída /hiwída/ | he /he/ | puʔpai /puʔpai/ | nũh /nũh/ | ʃatitʃ /ʃatitʃ/ |
| Occhio | rue /rue/ | xon /xon/ | thi /thi/ | mamo /mamo/ | énu /énu/ | tɨm /tɨm/ | tɔsex /tɔsex/ |
| Orecchio | nohõti /nohõti/ | faptɨ /faptɨ/ | héeni /héeni/ | jɨmɨkakɨ /jɨmɨkakɨ/ | pana /pana/ | xũ̂j /xũ̂j/ | kfeʔ /kfeʔ/ |
| Naso | deiãsɨ̃ /deiãsɨ̃/ | laʃa /laʃa/ | hitáko /hitáko/ | hu /hu/ | yeuna /jeuna/ | tôɟ /tôɟ/ | naʔʃ /naʔʃ/ |
| Bocca | irɨ /irɨ/ | xop /xop/ | nóma /nóma/ | kahikɨ /kahikɨ/ | mutá /mutá/ | nɔ̃h /nɔ̃h/ | aʃi /aʃi/ |
| Dente | dʒuu /dʒuu/ | iʃa /iʃa/ | eétsha /eétʃa/ | nakɨ /nakɨ/ | yé /jé/ | tǝg /təɡ/ | tsewte /tsewte/ |
| Lingua | dɔrɔtɔ /dɔrɔtɔ/ | ano /ano/ | eenéne /eenéne/ | aka /aka/ | nu /nu/ | nɔ̃hkæ̂d /nɔ̃hkæ̂d/ | tʃʼakletʃ /tʃʼakletʃ/ |
| Mano | debɔ /debɔ/ | kat /kat/ | káapi /káapi/ | imɨkɨ /imɨkɨ/ | míá /míá/ | ʃôb /ʃôb/ | pɔʔkɔt /pɔʔkɔt/ |
| Piede | wa /wa/ | pitsʔ /pitsʔ/ | híipa /híipa/ | mamikɨ /mamikɨ/ | puu /puu/ | cɨ̌m /cɨ̌m/ | foʔ /foʔ/ |
| Cuore | telesõ /telesõ/ | hotʔaput /hotʔaput/ | kaale /kaaɺe/ | koko pata /koko pata/ | yewan /jewan/ | hæ̃g tôj /hæ̃ɡ tôj/ | ɬiʔwte /ɬiʔwte/ |
| Osso | ti /ti/ | daʃ /daʃ/ | áapi /áapi/ | ũ /ũ/ | yeʔpɨ /jeʔpɨ/ | kɛg /kɛɡ/ | nuʔ /nuʔ/ |
| Sangue | hãləbu /hãləbu/ | du /du/ | iiránaa /iiɻánaa/ | ĩjə̃ĩjə̃pə /ĩjə̃ĩjə̃pə/ | mɨ́ŋ /mɨ́ŋ/ | jɨ̂w /jɨ̂w/ | wojej /wojej/ |
| Cacca | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | ʃi /ʃi/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Amore | luu /luu/ | puʔdits /puʔdits/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | saʔnama /saʔnama/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Albero | ɔwɔru /ɔwɔru/ | dei /dei/ | háiko /háiko/ | hii hi /hii hi/ | yéi /jéi/ | təg /təɡ/ | aʔkxutajuk /aʔkxutajuk/ |
| Cane | idʒɔrɔsa /idʒɔrɔsa/ | kasoro /kasoro/ | tsíino /tsíino/ | tʰãɾi /tʰãɾi/ | areimaraaká /areimaraaká/ | jãm /jãm/ | nuʔu /nuʔu/ |
| Gatto | hãloeni /hãloeni/ | — /—/ | pitsána /pitsána/ | mɨʃɨ /mɨʃɨ/ | pisana /pisana/ | — /—/ | tanuk /tanuk/ |
| Pesce | ətora /ətora/ | kaʔte /kaʔte/ | kóphe /kúpʰe/ | juɾi /juɾi/ | moróʔ /moróʔ/ | hãːp /hãːp/ | saxetʃ /saxetʃ/ |
| Uccello | nawii /nawii/ | uraʔi /uraʔi/ | áadaro /áadaɻo/ | seimɨ /seimɨ/ | toron /toron/ | təwə́t /təwə́t/ | ɔxɔklɔ /ɔxɔklɔ/ |
| Farfalla | otʃiʃa /otʃiʃa/ | tumu tumu /tumu tumu/ | makálo /makálo/ | uwãuwãmɨ /uwãuwãmɨ/ | peppeʔ /pepːeʔ/ | mem /mem/ | wosok /wosok/ |
| Uovo | si /si/ | taf /taf/ | éewhe /éewhe/ | natʰe /natʰe/ | pomói /pomói/ | tɨ̌p /tɨ̌p/ | ɬʃajkʼu /ɬʃajkʼu/ |
| Cavallo | awaru /awaru/ | — | — | — | kaware /kaware/ | — | kuwɔju /kuwɔju/ |
| Casa | heto /heto/ | dat /dat/ | pántti /pánt̪i/ | ʃapono /ʃapono/ | wɨttɨ /wɨttɨ/ | tɔp /tɔp/ | xpɔjitʃ /xpɔjitʃ/ |
| Latte | howɨ̃sɨ /howɨ̃sɨ/ | — | — | suhe upə /suhe upə/ | paaka manatɨ yekku /paaka manatɨ jekːu/ | — | tsʼoʔs /tsʼoʔs/ |
| Miele | bədi /bədi/ | aus tsʔa /aus tsʔa/ | doni /doni/ | puu /puu/ | wan /wan/ | — | akɔjetʃ /akɔjetʃ/ |
| Sale | dʒɨra /dʒɨra/ | iakɨr /iakɨr/ | íiwi /íiwi/ | saju /saju/ | pan /pan/ | — | naʔpkutax /naʔpkutax/ |
| Vino | vĩĩ /vĩĩ/ | — | — | — | wuku /wuku/ | — | ɔtxajetax tʼiʔ /ɔtxajetax tʼiʔ/ |
| Riso | maiʃəmo /maiʃəmo/ | arosa /arosa/ | — | atoɾoso /atoɾoso/ | arosi /arosi/ | — | — |
| Libro | tɨɨrəti /tɨɨrəti/ | — | — | ɾipɾo /ɾipɾo/ | kaareta /kaareta/ | — | watkʼisxajanatʃ /watkʼisxajanatʃ/ |
| Mangiare | roʃi /roʃi/ | ma /ma/ | íiñha /íiɲha/ | ijaɨ /ijaɨ/ | entamoʔka /entamoʔka/ | wæ̂d /wæ̂d/ | tux /tux/ |
| Bere | õ /õ/ | sone /sone/ | íira /íiɻa/ | koaɨ /koaɨ/ | enɨrɨ /enɨrɨ/ | ʔǝg /ʔəɡ/ | jɔʔ /jɔʔ/ |
| Dormire | õrõ /õrõ/ | iotl /iotl/ | ímaa /ímaa/ | miõ /miõ/ | wetun /wetun/ | ʔã̂ /ʔã̂/ | mɔʔ /mɔʔ/ |
| Uno | sohodʒi /sohodʒi/ | mihin /mihin/ | aapa /aapa/ | tahiapɨ /tahiapɨ/ | tiwíŋ /tiwíŋ/ | mʼæ̃ʔ /mʼæ̃ʔ/ | weʔɬa /weʔɬa/ |
| Due | inatʃi /inatʃi/ | uuʃ /uuʃ/ | dzáma /dzáma/ | hoɾohopɨ /hoɾohopɨ/ | sáákɨné /sáákɨné/ | tɨ̌m /tɨ̌m/ | napuʔ /napuʔ/ |
| Tre | inataõ /inataõ/ | uʃtaxme /uʃtaxme/ | madali /madali/ | jãmi /jãmi/ | séúruné /séúruné/ | mũtwáp /mũtwáp/ | puʔxaʔna /puʔxaʔna/ |
| Quattro | inaubiɔwa /inaubiɔwa/ | — | — | — | saakɨrɨrɨ /saakɨrɨrɨ/ | — | jitʃatxuɬ /jitʃatxuɬ/ |
| Cinque | iruɨre /iruɨre/ | nekatkelan /nekatkelan/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | miaʔtaikin /miaʔtaikin/ | — /—/ | weʔɬanɔxeʃ /weʔɬanɔxeʃ/ |
| Ciao | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Grazie | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Buono | awi /awi/ | deta /deta/ | mátsia /mátsia/ | totihitawə /totihitawə/ | morɨ /morɨ/ | jæ̃̂w /jæ̃̂w/ | is /is/ |
| Nuovo | itɨ̃mɨra /itɨ̃mɨra/ | xodae /xodae/ | éemi /éemi/ | tute /tute/ | amenan /amenan/ | — | nitʃʼa /nitʃʼa/ |
| Rosso | isɔ /isɔ/ | tsiomat /tsiomat/ | íirai /íiɻai/ | wakə /wakə/ | suyú /sujú/ | nô /nô/ | juk /juk/ |
| Bianco | ura /ura/ | tsitore /tsitore/ | háale /háaɺe/ | au /au/ | áímutun /áímutun/ | hô /hô/ | klim /klim/ |
| Nero | iləbɨ /iləbɨ/ | tsidat /tsidat/ | íitta /íit̪a/ | iʃi /iʃi/ | arikkɨtun /arikːɨtun/ | câ /câ/ | jakut /jakut/ |
| Verde | tyre /tɨ̃re/ | — | hípole /hípole/ | ɾijə /ɾijə/ | rora /rora/ | mɨ̃̂ /mɨ̃̂/ | nipewajʃi /nipewajʃi/ |
| Blu | tyre /tɨ̃re/ | tsiauu /tsiauu/ | — | — | rora /rora/ | — | jaka /jaka/ |
| Cuculo | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Bau bau | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Computer | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Sushi | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Tè | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Arancia | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Dopamina | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Chiocciola (@) | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
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