Bidayuh Bukar-Sadong
Bidayuh bukar-sadong
Austronesiana (land dayak, bidayuhico)
Il bukar-sadong è la maggiore varietà bidayuh (dayak di terra), parlata nell'entroterra a partire da Kuching nella Divisione di Serian del Sarawak. Come le altre lingue bidayuhiche possiede un inventario fonematico ristretto ma un insieme notoriamente ricco di occlusive glottidali finali e code nasali; l'ortografia bukar-sadong elaborata dal Bidayuh Language Development Project funge da base per il bidayuh scolastico unificato.
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in bidayuh bukar-sadong
Fonti
- Topping, Donald M. (1970) A Linguistic Analysis of Bukar Sadong. Sarawak Museum Journal.
- Rensch, Calvin R. et al. (2012) The Bidayuh Language: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. SIL.
- Glottolog: Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: Austronesiana (land dayak, bidayuhico)
| Significato | Bidayuh bukar-sadong | Malese antico | Banjar | Ngaju | Proto-austronesiano | Sasak | Musi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | umoʼ /umoʔ/ | air /air/ | banyu /baɲu/ | danum /danum/ | *daNum /daNum/ | aiq /aiʔ/ | ayek /ajek/ |
| Fuoco | apui /aˈpui/ | api /api/ | api /api/ | apui /apui/ | *Sapuy /Sapuy/ | api /api/ | api /api/ |
| Sole | batŭh andu /batəh andu/ | matari /matari/ | matahari /matahari/ | matanandau /matanandau/ | *waRi /waRi/ | jelo /dʒəlo/ | matahari /matahari/ |
| Luna | buran /buˈran/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | *bulaN /bulaN/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ |
| Stella | bintŭʼ /bintəʔ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | *bituqen /bituqen/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ |
| Notte | bengaru /bəŋaru/ | malam /malam/ | malam /malam/ | hamalem /hamaləm/ | *beRŋi /beʀŋi/ | malem /maləm/ | malem /maləm/ |
| Terra | tanaʼ /tanaʔ/ | — | tanah /tanah/ | petak /petak/ | *taneq /taneq/ | tanaq /tanaʔ/ | tanah /tanah/ |
| Pietra | batu /baˈtu/ | batu /batu/ | batu /ˈbatu/ | batu /batu/ | *batu /batu/ | batu /batu/ | batu /batu/ |
| Madre | andŭ /andə/ | ibu /ibu/ | uma /uma/ | indu /indu/ | *ina /ina/ | inaq /inaʔ/ | mak /mak/ |
| Padre | amang /amaŋ/ | bapa /bapa/ | abah /abah/ | bapa /bapa/ | *ama /ama/ | amaq /amaʔ/ | bapak /bapak/ |
| Io | aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ | *aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ |
| Tu | amuʼ /amuʔ/ | kamu /kamu/ | ikam /ikam/ | ikau /ikau/ | *iSu /iSu/ | side /sidə/ | kau /kau/ |
| Noi | ami /ami/ | kita / kami /kita / kami/ | kita / kami /kita / kami/ | itah / ikei /itah / ikei/ | *kita / *kami /kita / kami/ | ite / kami /itə / kami/ | kito / kami /kito / kami/ |
| Nome | ganan /ɡanan/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ | aran /aran/ | *ŋajan /ŋajan/ | aran /aran/ | namo /namo/ |
| Occhio | batŭh /baˈtəh/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mate /mate/ | *maCa /maCa/ | mate /matə/ | mato /mato/ |
| Orecchio | kaping /kaˈpiŋ/ | — | talinga /taˈliŋa/ | pinding /pindiŋ/ | *Caliŋa /tsaliŋa/ | kentok /kəntok/ | telingo /teliŋo/ |
| Naso | undung /unduŋ/ | — | hidung /hiduŋ/ | urung /uruŋ/ | *ujuŋ /ujuŋ/ | irung /iruŋ/ | idung /iduŋ/ |
| Bocca | babaʼ /babaʔ/ | — | muntung /muntuŋ/ | nyama /ɲama/ | — | biwih /biwih/ | mulut /mulut/ |
| Dente | jipeu /dʒipeu/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ | kasinga /kasiŋa/ | *nipen /nipen/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ |
| Lingua | jeli /dʒeli/ | lidah /lidah/ | ilat /ilat/ | jela /dʒelaʔ/ | *Sema /Sema/ | elaq /əlaʔ/ | lidah /lidah/ |
| Mano | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | lengen /ləŋən/ | *lima /lima/ | ime /imə/ | tangan /taŋan/ |
| Cuore | sintung /sintuŋ/ | hati /hati/ | ati /ati/ | atei /atei/ | *pusuq /pusuq/ | ate /ate/ | hati /hati/ |
| Osso | turang /turaŋ/ | tulang /tulaŋ/ | tulang /tulaŋ/ | tulang /tulaŋ/ | *CuqelaN /CuqelaN/ | tolang /tolaŋ/ | tulang /tulaŋ/ |
| Sangue | daya /daja/ | darah /darah/ | darah /darah/ | daha /dahaʔ/ | *daRaq /daRaq/ | daraq /daraʔ/ | darah /darah/ |
| Cacca | taki /taki/ | — | tahi /tahi/ | tai /tai/ | *Caqi /tsaqi/ | tai /tai/ | taik /taik/ |
| Amore | sūʼūt /sɨʔɨt/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | sinta /sinta/ | — /—/ | tresne /trəsnə/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ |
| Albero | kayuh /kaˈjuh/ | kayu /kaju/ | batang /bataŋ/ | kayu /kaju/ | *kaSiw /kaSiw/ | lolon kayu /lolon kaju/ | kayu /kaju/ |
| Cane | kasung /kasuŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | hadupan /hadupan/ | asu /asu/ | *asu /asu/ | acong /aˈtʃoŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ |
| Gatto | — /—/ | — /—/ | pusa /pusa/ | posa /posa/ | — /—/ | meong /meoŋ/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ |
| Pesce | ekan /ekan/ | ikan /ikan/ | iwak /ˈiwak/ | lauk /ˈlauk/ | *Sikan /Sikan/ | empaq /əmpaʔ/ | ikan /ˈikan/ |
| Orso | buhang /buˈhaŋ/ | — | biruang /biruaŋ/ | bahuang /bahuaŋ/ | *Cumay /Cumay/ | beruang /bəruaŋ/ | — |
| Casa | ramin /raˈmin/ | rumah /rumah/ | rumah /rumah/ | huma /huma/ | *Rumaq /Rumaq/ | bale /bale/ | rumah /rumah/ |
| Mangiare | maʼan /maʔan/ | makan /makan/ | makan /makan/ | kuman /kuman/ | *kaen /kaen/ | mangan /maŋan/ | makan /makan/ |
| Bere | nyihŭp /ɲihəp/ | minum /minum/ | nginum /ŋinum/ | mihop /mihop/ | *inum /inum/ | nginem /ŋinəm/ | minum /minum/ |
| Uno | indi /indi/ | sa /sa/ | asa /asa/ | ije /ije/ | *isa /isa/ | sekéq /səkeʔ/ | siko /siko/ |
| Due | duweh /duweh/ | dua /dua/ | dua /dua/ | due /ˈdue/ | *duSa /duSa/ | due /duə/ | duo /duo/ |
| Tre | taruh /taːruh/ | tlu /tlu/ | talu /talu/ | telo /təlo/ | *telu /telu/ | telu /təlu/ | tigo /tiɡo/ |
| Quattro | umpat /umpat/ | mpat /əmpat/ | ampat /ampat/ | epat /əpat/ | *Sepat /səpat/ | empat /əmpat/ | empat /əmpat/ |
| Cinque | rimŭh /riməh/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | lime /lime/ | *lima /lima/ | lima /limə/ | limo /limo/ |
| Cento | siratus /siraːtus/ | ratus /ratus/ | saratus /saratus/ | saratus /saratus/ | *RaCus /RaCus/ | satus /satus/ | seratus /səratus/ |
| Ciao | — /—/ | — /—/ | salam /salam/ | salamat /salamat/ | — /—/ | salam /salam/ | halo /halo/ |
| Grazie | tirimaʼ pimasiʼ /tirimaʔ pimasiʔ/ | — /—/ | tarima kasih /tarima kasih/ | tarima kasih /tarima kasih/ | — /—/ | tampi asih /tampi asih/ | terimo kasih /terimo kasih/ |
| Buono | paaguh /paːɡuh/ | baik /baik/ | bagus /baɡus/ | bahalap /bahalap/ | — /—/ | solah /solah/ | bagus /baɡus/ |
| Rosso | bidayak /bidajak/ | merah /merah/ | habang /habaŋ/ | bahandang /bahandaŋ/ | *ma-iRaq /ma-iRaq/ | beaq /beaʔ/ | merah /ˈmerah/ |
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