Sesotho sa Leboa
북부 소토어
대서양-콩고(반투, 소토-츠와나)
북소토어(Sesotho sa Leboa, 페디어 또는 세페디어로도 불림)는 남아프리카공화국 11개 공용어 가운데 하나로, 림포포·하우텡·음푸말랑가 주를 중심으로 사용된다. 표준어는 약 30개의 근연 방언을 하나로 통합하는 형태로 성립되었으며, 그 가운데에서도 세페디 방언이 위신형(prestige variety) 지위를 차지한다. 다른 소토·츠와나 계열 반투어와 마찬가지로 17개의 명사 부류, 교착적 일치 접사 체계, 음운적 성조 대립을 가지며, 오늘날 라디오·텔레비전 방송, 정부 공보, 그리고 국회 동시통역 등의 영역에서 폭넓게 활용되고 있다.
사용 지역
북부 소토어의 핵심 단어 87개
Wi-Fi
sushi
dopamine
출처
- Sepedi Bibles on bible.com (versions 256 and 124 = the 1951 Bibele; cached ~/langmap-work/r51/scratch/b/bible_nso.tsv); en.wiktionary Northern Sotho lemmas (ngwedi, naledi, tsebe, leino, lerapo, hlano); Ziervogel & Mokgokong 1975, Pukuntšu ye kgolo ya Sesotho sa Leboa (general reference, not consulted this round)
단어 비교
같은 분류의 언어와 비교: 대서양-콩고(반투, 소토-츠와나)
| 뜻 | 북부 소토어 | 츠와나어 | 남부 소토어 | 로지어 | 벤다어 | 총가어 | 남부 은데벨레어 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 물 | meetse /meːtse/ | metsi /metsi/ | metsi /metsi/ | mezi /mezi/ | maḓi /mad̪i/ | mati /mati/ | amanzi /amanzi/ |
| 불 | mollo /molːo/ | molelo /moleːlo/ | mollo /molːo/ | mulilo /mulilo/ | mulilo /mulilo/ | ndzilo /ndzilo/ | umlilo /umlilo/ |
| 해 | letšatši /letʃatʃi/ | letsatsi /letsatsi/ | letsatsi /letsatsi/ | lizazi /lizazi/ | ḓuvha /d̪uvʱa/ | dyambu /dʒambu/ | ilanga /ilaŋɡa/ |
| 달 | ngwedi /ŋwedi/ | ngwedi /ŋwedi/ | khoeli /kʰwɛːli/ | kweli /kweli/ | ṅwedzi /ŋwedzi/ | nʼweti /ŋweti/ | inyezi /iɲezi/ |
| 별 | naledi /naledi/ | naledi /naledi/ | naledi /naledi/ | naleli /naleli/ | ṋaledzi /n̪aledzi/ | nyeleti /ɲeleti/ | ikwekwezi /ikʷekʷezi/ |
| 밤 | bošego /boʃeχo/ | bosigo /bosiχo/ | bosiu /bosiu/ | busihu /busihu/ | vhusiku /vʱusiku/ | vusiku /vusiku/ | ubusuku /uɓusuku/ |
| 비 | pula /ˈpula/ | pula /ˈpula/ | pula /ˈpula/ | pula /ˈpula/ | mvula /ˈmvula/ | mpfula /ˈmpfula/ | izulu /izulu/ |
| 눈 | lehlwa /leˈɬwa/ | semathana /semaˈtʰana/ | lehloa /lɛˈɬwa/ | litwa /ˈlitwa/ | mahaḓa /mahad̪a/ | gamboko /ɡamboko/ | iliqhwa /iliǃʰwa/ |
| 바람 | phefo /pʰɛfɔ/ | phefo /pʰefɔ/ | moya /mɔja/ | moya /moja/ | muya /muja/ | moya /moja/ | umoya /umoja/ |
| 흙 | mobu /moβu/ | mmu /m̩mu/ | mobu /mobu/ | mubu /mubu/ | mavu /mavu/ | misava /misava/ | ihlabathi /iɬaɓatʰi/ |
| 돌 | leswika /leˈswika/ | leje /lɛˈdʒe/ | lejwe /leˈdʒwe/ | licwe /liˈtʃwe/ | tombo /tombo/ | ribye /riˈbje/ | ilitje /iˈlitʃe/ |
| 산 | thaba /ˈtʰaba/ | thaba /tʰaba/ | thaba /tʰaba/ | lilundu /lilundu/ | thavha /tʰavʱa/ | ntshava /ntsʰava/ | intaba /inˈtaːɓa/ |
| 바다 | lewatle /lewatɬe/ | lewatle /lewatɬe/ | lewatle /lewatɬe/ | liwate /liwate/ | lwanzhe /lwanʒe/ | lwandle /lwandɮe/ | ilwandle /ilwandɮe/ |
| 어머니 | mma /mːa/ | mmê /mːɛ/ | mmè /mːɛ/ | ma /ma/ | mme /mːe/ | manana /manana/ | umma /umma/ |
| 아버지 | tate /tate/ | rrê /rːɛ/ | ntate /ntate/ | ndate /ndate/ | khotsi /kʰotsi/ | tatana /tatana/ | ubaba /uɓaɓa/ |
| 딸 | morwedi /morwedi/ | morwadi /morwadi/ | morali /moɾali/ | mwana wa musizana /mwana wa musizana/ | ṅwananyana /ŋʷanaɲana/ | nʼwana wa xisati /ŋʷana wa ʃisati/ | indodakazi /indodakazi/ |
| 나 | nna /nna/ | nna /nːa/ | nna /nːa/ | na /na/ | nṋe /n̪ːe/ | mina /mina/ | mina /mina/ |
| 너 | wena /wena/ | wena /wena/ | wena /wena/ | wena /wena/ | iwe /iwe/ | wena /wena/ | wena /wena/ |
| 우리 | rena /rena/ | rona /rona/ | rona /rona/ | luna /luna/ | riṋe /rin̪e/ | hina /hina/ | thina /tʰina/ |
| 이름 | leina /leina/ | leina /leina/ | lebitso /lebitso/ | libizo /libizo/ | dzina /dzina/ | vito /vito/ | ibizo /iɓizo/ |
| 사람 | motho /mʊtʰʊ/ | motho /motʰo/ | motho /motʰo/ | mutu /mutu/ | muthu /mutʰu/ | munhu /munʱu/ | umuntu /umuntu/ |
| 머리 | hlogo /ɬoχo/ | tlhogo /tɬʰoχo/ | hlooho /ɬoːho/ | toho /toho/ | ṱhoho /t̪ʰoho/ | nhloko /nɬoko/ | ihloko /iɬoko/ |
| 눈 | leihlo /leiɬo/ | leitlho /leitɬʰo/ | leihlo /leiɬo/ | liito /liːto/ | iṱo /it̪o/ | tihlo /tiɬo/ | ilihlo /iliɬo/ |
| 귀 | tsebe /tsebe/ | tsebe /tsebe/ | tsebe /tsebe/ | zebe /zebe/ | nḓevhe /n̪d̪evʱe/ | ndleve /ndɮeve/ | indlebe /indɮɛɓe/ |
| 코 | nko /ŋˈko/ | nko /ŋ̩ˈko/ | nko /ŋ̩ˈko/ | ngo /ŋo/ | ningo /niŋo/ | nhompfu /nʱompfu/ | ipumulo /ipuˈmulo/ |
| 입 | molomo /molomo/ | molomo /molomo/ | molomo /molomo/ | mulomo /mulomo/ | mulomo /mulomo/ | nomu /nomu/ | umlomo /umˈlomo/ |
| 이 | leino /leino/ | leino /leino/ | leino /leino/ | liino /liːno/ | iṋo /in̪o/ | tino /tino/ | izinyo /iziɲo/ |
| 혀 | leleme /leleme/ | leleme /leleme/ | leleme /leleme/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | ririmi /ririmi/ | ilimu /ilimu/ |
| 손 | seatla /seatɬa/ | seatla /seatɬa/ | letsoho /letsoho/ | lizoho /lizoho/ | tshanḓa /tʃʰan̪d̪a/ | voko /voko/ | isandla /isandɮa/ |
| 발 | leoto /leoto/ | lonao /lonao/ | leoto /leoto/ | lihutu /liˈhutu/ | mulenzhe /mulenʒe/ | nenge /neŋɡe/ | inyawo /iɲawo/ |
| 마음 | pelo /pelo/ | pelo /peːlo/ | pelo /pelo/ | pilu /pilu/ | mbilu /mbilu/ | mbilu /mbilu/ | ihliziyo /iɬizijo/ |
| 뼈 | lerapo /lerapo/ | lerapo /lerapo/ | lesapo /lesapo/ | sapo /sapo/ | ḽirambo /l̪irambo/ | rhambu /rambu/ | ithambo /itʰambo/ |
| 피 | madi /madi/ | madi /madi/ | mali /mali/ | mali /mali/ | malofha /maloɸa/ | ngati /ŋɡati/ | iingazi /iːŋɡazi/ |
| 똥 | masepa /masepa/ | masepa /masepa/ | masepa /masepa/ | ñanda /ɲanda/ | malaṱwa /malat̪wa/ | — | amasimba /amasimba/ |
| 사랑 | lerato /lerato/ | lerato /leɾato/ | lerato /leɾato/ | lilato /lilato/ | lufuno /lufuno/ | rirhandzu /riɾandzu/ | ithando /itʰando/ |
| 나무 | sehlare /seɬare/ | setlhare /setɬʰaɾe/ | sefate /sefate/ | kota /kota/ | muri /muri/ | nsinya /nsiɲa/ | umuthi /umutʰi/ |
| 개 | mpša /mpʃa/ | ntša /ntʃa/ | ntja /ntʃa/ | nja /ndʒa/ | mmbwa /mːbwa/ | mbyana /mbjana/ | inja /indʒa/ |
| 고양이 | katse /katse/ | katse /katse/ | katse /katse/ | kaze /kaze/ | katse /katse/ | mangoyi /maŋɡoji/ | ikati /ikati/ |
| 물고기 | hlapi /ɬapi/ | tlhapi /tɬʰapi/ | tlhapi /tɬʰapi/ | tapi /tapi/ | khovhe /kʰovʱe/ | nhlampfi /nɬampfi/ | ihlambi /iɬambi/ |
| 새 | nonyana /nʊɲana/ | nonyane /nɔˈɲanɛ/ | nonyana /nʊˈɲana/ | nyunywani /ɲuɲwani/ | tshiṋoni /tʃiˈn̪oni/ | xinyenyana /ʃiɲeˈɲana/ | inyoni /iɲoni/ |
| 나비 | serurubele /seruruˈbele/ | serurubele /seruruˈbele/ | serurubele /seruruˈbele/ | sipulumuki /sipulumuki/ | tshisusu /tʃʰisusu/ | phapharhati /pʰapʰaˈrati/ | iviyaviyani /ivijavijani/ |
| 달걀 | lee /leː/ | lee /lɛɛ/ | lehe /lehe/ | lii /liː/ | gumba /ɡumba/ | tandza /tandza/ | iqanda /iǃanda/ |
| 곰 | bêrê /bɛrɛ/ | bera /bɛra/ | bere /bɛrɛ/ | bele /bele/ | biara /biara/ | bere /bere/ | ibhere /ibʱere/ |
| 말 | pere /pere/ | pitse /pitse/ | pere /pere/ | pizi /pizi/ | bere /bere/ | hanci /hantʃi/ | injomani /indʒoˈmani/ |
| 집 | ntlo /ntɬo/ | ntlo /ntɬo/ | ntlo /ntɬo/ | ndu /ndu/ | nnḓu /n̪d̪u/ | yindlu /jindɮu/ | indlu /indɮu/ |
| 우유 | maswi /maswi/ | mashi /maʃi/ | lebese /lebese/ | mabisi /mabisi/ | mafhi /maɸi/ | masi /masi/ | ibisi /iˈɓisi/ |
| 꿀 | todi /todi/ | tswina /tswina/ | mahe a dinotshi /mahe a dinotsʰi/ | linosi /linosi/ | mutoli /mutoli/ | vulombe /vulombe/ | iliju /ilidʒu/ |
| 소금 | letswai /letswai/ | letswai /letswai/ | letswai /letswai/ | lizwai /lizwai/ | muṋo /mun̪o/ | munyu /muɲu/ | itswayi /itswaji/ |
| 포도주 | beine /beine/ | beine /beine/ | veine /veine/ | waine /waine/ | waini /waini/ | vhinyo /viɲo/ | iwayini /iwaˈjini/ |
| 쌀 | reisi /reisi/ | raese /raese/ | raese /raese/ | laisi /laisi/ | raisi /raisi/ | rhayisi /rajisi/ | ireyisi /irejisi/ |
| 초콜릿 | tšhokolete /tʃʰokolete/ | tshokolete /tsʰokolete/ | tjhokolete /tʃʰokolete/ | chocolate | tshokoleti | chokoleti /tʃokoleti/ | chocolate |
| 철 | tshipi /ˈtsʰipi/ | tshipi /ˈtsʰipi/ | tshepe /ˈtsʰepe/ | sipi /sipi/ | tsimbi /tsimbi/ | nsimbi /nsimbi/ | isimbi /iˈsimbi/ |
| 바퀴 | leotwana /leoˈtwana/ | leotwana /leotwana/ | lebili /lebili/ | liwili /liwili/ | mulinga /muliŋa/ | vhilwa /vilwa/ | ivili /iˈvili/ |
| 비단 | silika /silika/ | silika /silika/ | silika /silika/ | siliki /siliki/ | siliga /siliɡa/ | silika /silika/ | isilika /isiˈlika/ |
| 책 | puku /puku/ | buka /buka/ | buka /buka/ | buka /buka/ | bugu /buɡu/ | buku /buku/ | incwadi /iŋǀʷadi/ |
| 먹다 | go ja /χo dʒa/ | go ja /χo dʒa/ | ho ja /ho dʒa/ | kuca /kutʃa/ | u ḽa /u l̪a/ | ku dya /ku dʒa/ | ukudla /ukuɮa/ |
| 마시다 | go nwa /χo nwa/ | go nwa /χo nwa/ | ho noa /ho noa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | u nwa /u nwa/ | ku nwa /ku nwa/ | ukusela /ukusela/ |
| 자다 | go robala /χo rʊˈbala/ | go robala /χo rʊˈbala/ | ho robala /ho rʊˈbala/ | kulobala /kulobala/ | u eḓela /u eˈd̪ela/ | ku etlela /ku eˈtɬela/ | ukulala /ukulala/ |
| 하나 | tee /teː/ | nngwe /ŋːwe/ | nngwe /ŋːwe/ | nyinwi /ɲiŋʷi/ | nthihi /ntʰihi/ | rinʼwe /riŋwe/ | nye /ɲe/ |
| 둘 | pedi /pedi/ | pedi /pedi/ | pedi /pedi/ | peli /peli/ | mbili /mbili/ | mbirhi /mbiri/ | kubili /kuɓili/ |
| 셋 | tharo /tʰaro/ | tharo /tʰaro/ | tharo /tʰaʀo/ | talu /talu/ | tharu /tʰaru/ | nharhu /ɳaɾu/ | kuthathu /kutʰatʰu/ |
| 넷 | nne /nːɛ/ | nne /nːe/ | nne /nːe/ | ne /ne/ | ṋa /n̪a/ | mune /mune/ | kune /kunɛ/ |
| 다섯 | hlano /ɬano/ | tlhano /tɬʰano/ | hlano /ɬano/ | ketalizoho /ketalizoho/ | ṱhanu /t̪ʰanu/ | ntlhanu /ntɬʰanu/ | ihlanu /iɬanu/ |
| 백 | lekgolo /leχolo/ | lekgolo /leχolo/ | lekgolo /leχolo/ | mwanda /mwanda/ | ḓana /d̪ana/ | dzana /dzana/ | ikhulu /iˈkʰulu/ |
| 안녕하세요 | dumela /dumɛla/ | dumela /dumeːla/ | dumela /dumɛla/ | lumela /lumela/ | ndaa /ndaː/ | avuxeni /avuʃeni/ | lotjhani /lotʃʰani/ |
| 감사합니다 | ke a leboga /ke a leboɣa/ | ke a leboga /ke a leboɣa/ | kea leboha /kea leboha/ | nitumezi /nitumezi/ | ndo livhuwa /ndo livʱuwa/ | inkomu /iŋkomu/ | ngiyathokoza /ŋijatʰokoza/ |
| 좋은 | botse /botse/ | siame /siaːme/ | monate /monate/ | nde /nde/ | zwavhuḓi /zwavʱud̪i/ | kahle /kaɬe/ | kuhle /kuɬe/ |
| 새로운 | mpsha /mpsʰa/ | ntshwa /ntsʰwa/ | ntjha /ntʃʰa/ | nca /ntʃa/ | ntswa /ntswa/ | ntshwa /ntsʰwa/ | tjha /tʃʰa/ |
| 빨강 | hubedu /hubedu/ | khibidu /kʰibidu/ | khubelu /kʰubelu/ | fubelu /fubelu/ | tswuku /tswuku/ | tshwuka /tsʰwuka/ | bomvu /ɓoːmvu/ |
| 하양 | tšhweu /tʃʰwɛu/ | tshweu /tsʰwɛu/ | tšhweu /tsʰweu/ | sweu /sweu/ | tshena /tsʰena/ | basa /ˈbasa/ | mhlophe /mɬɔpʰe/ |
| 검정 | ntsho /ntsʰɔ/ | ntsho /ntsʰɔ/ | ntšo /ntsʰɔ/ | nsu /nsu/ | ntswu /ntswu/ | ntima /ntima/ | nzima /nzima/ |
| 초록 | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | dala /dala/ | rihlaza /riɬaza/ | hlaza /ɬaːza/ |
| 파랑 | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | tala /tala/ | lutombo /lutombo/ | rihlaza /riɬaza/ | hlaza /ɬaːza/ |
| 컴퓨터 | khomphutha /kʰompʰutʰa/ | khomphuta /kʰompʰuta/ | khomputa /kʰomputa/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | khomphyutha /kʰompʰjutʰa/ | khompyuta /kʰompjuta/ | ikhomphyutha /ikʰompʰjutʰa/ |
| 와이파이 | Wi-Fi | — | — | — | — | Wi-Fi | — |
| 초밥 | sushi | sushi | — | — | — | — | — |
| 차(茶) | teye /teje/ | tee /teː/ | tee /teː/ | tii /tiː/ | tie /tie/ | tiya /tija/ | itiye /iˈtije/ |
| 커피 | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | ikofi /ikofi/ |
| 설탕 | swikiri /swikiri/ | sukiri /sukiri/ | tswekere /tswekere/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | swigiri /swiɡiri/ | chukela /tʃukela/ | itjhukela /itʃʰukela/ |
| 오렌지 | namune /namune/ | namune /namune/ | lamunu /lamunu/ | olenji /olendʒi/ | swiri | lamula /lamula/ | orentji /orentʃi/ |
| 99 | masome a senyane le senyane /masome a seɲane le seɲane/ | masome a robongwe robongwe /masome a roboŋwe roboŋwe/ | mashome a robong a metso e robong /maʃome a ʀoboŋ a metso e ʀoboŋ/ | — | — | makume nkaye nkaye /makume ŋkaje ŋkaje/ | amatjhumi alithoba nethoba /amatʃʰumi alitʰoɓa netʰoɓa/ |
| 도파민 | dopamine | — | — | — | — | dopamine | — |
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