Olkol
Kiolkol
Pama-Nyunga
Kiolkol ni lugha ya Pama-Nyungan ya Paman ya Kaskazini ya Rasi ya Cape York katika Queensland, Australia, dada wa Yir-Yoront na lugha nyingine za Paman za Cape York. Iko hatarini kubwa ya kutoweka huku ikibakia na wazungumzaji wazee wapatao ~50 tu wenye umahiri; jamii pana ya Olkol imehamia Kiingereza na Kiingereza cha Waaborijini (chenye athari ya Kriol). Nchi ya jadi ya Olkol inajumuisha vyanzo vya Mito ya Coen na Watson katika kaskazini mwa Cape York. Kiisimu, Kiolkol kinashiriki sifa za kawaida za Kipaman (konsonanti zinazoanguka mwanzoni, mfumo rahisi wa irabu, mpangilio wa kiergative-absolutive) na lugha dada za Paman ya Kaskazini, lakini chenye msamiati wa kipekee na sifa ndogo za kifonolojia. Utafiti wa kiisimu wa Rasi ya Cape York wa Sutton 1976 ndio uhifadhi wa msingi, ukiongezewa na rekodi za AIATSIS.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kiolkol
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Pama-Nyunga
| Maana | Kiolkol | Kiyangkaal | Kiguugu yimithirr | Kifrigia | Kilardil | Kihajong | Proto-Afroasia |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | ok /ok/ | nguku /ŋuku/ | buurraay /buːraːj/ | bedu /ˈbedu/ | nguka /ŋuka/ | pani /pani/ | *maw- /maw/ |
| Moto | alhu /al̪u/ | ngida /ŋida/ | yugu /juɡu/ | — /—/ | nyuda /ɲuda/ | ag /aɡ/ | — /—/ |
| Jua | ugnga /uɡŋa/ | warrku /waɾku/ | ngalan /ŋalan/ | — /—/ | warrka /waɾka/ | bela /bela/ | — /—/ |
| Mwezi | oda /oda/ | waldarra /waldaɾa/ | giidha /ɡiːd̪a/ | masê /maˈseː/ | kirdikir /kiɖikir/ | চান /tʃan/ | — /—/ |
| Nyota | el idnban /el idnban/ | miburlda thungalda /mibuɭda t̪uŋalda/ | dawaar /dawaːɻ/ | — /—/ | kuwa thungal /kuwa θuŋal/ | tara /taɾa/ | — /—/ |
| Usiku | unyjir /uɲɟiɻ/ | ngimi /ŋimi/ | wudhurr /wud̪ur/ | — /—/ | nata /nata/ | rati /rati/ | — /—/ |
| Mvua | unyan /uɲan/ | — | madyi /maɟi/ | — | — | mek /mek/ | — |
| Upepo | opon /opon/ | — | daan.gaay /daːnɡaːj/ | — | — | batas /batas/ | — |
| Udongo | arrgi /arɡi/ | — | bubu /bubu/ | — | — | মাটি /maʈi/ | — |
| Jiwe | munggar /muŋɡaɻ/ | — | nambal /nambal/ | — | — | — | *ʔabun- /ʔabun/ |
| Bahari | uland /uland/ | — | dhalun /d̪alun/ | — | — | — | — |
| Mama | amadh /amad̪/ | ngamathu /ŋamat̪u/ | ngamu /ŋamu/ | mater /ˈmater/ | ngama /ŋama/ | ma /ma/ | *ʔim- /ʔim/ |
| Baba | ichadh /itʃad̪/ | kanthathu /kant̪at̪u/ | biiba /biːba/ | atas /aˈtas/ | kantha /kan̪t̪a/ | baba /baba/ | *ʔab- /ʔab/ |
| Binti | uwadh /uwad̪/ | — | ngudhurr /ŋud̪ur/ | — | — | — | — |
| Mimi | ay /aj/ | ngada /ŋada/ | ngayu /ŋaju/ | az /az/ | ngada /ŋada/ | moi /muɪ/ | *ʔan- /ʔan/ |
| Wewe | inag /inaɡ/ | nyingka /ɲiŋka/ | nyundu /ɲundu/ | — /—/ | nyingki /ɲiŋki/ | tui /tuɪ/ | — /—/ |
| Sisi | apul / anhdhan /apul / an̪d̪an/ | ngakulda / ngalda /ŋakulda / ŋalda/ | nganhdhaan / nganhdhanun /ŋan̪d̪aːn / ŋan̪d̪anun/ | — /—/ | ngakuli / nyali /ŋakuli / ɲali/ | amra /amra/ | — /—/ |
| Jina | ukal /ukal/ | nida /nida/ | gadil /ɡadil/ | onoman /ˈonoman/ | nyunda /ɲunda/ | nam /nam/ | *sim- /sim/ |
| Kichwa | eka /eka/ | — | ngaabaay /ŋaːbaːj/ | — | — | — | — |
| Jicho | ele /ele/ | miburlda /mibuɭda/ | miil /miːl/ | — /—/ | kuwa /kuwa/ | soku /sɔku/ | *ʕayn- /ʕayn/ |
| Sikio | adndur /adnduɻ/ | — | milga /milɡa/ | — | — | kan /kan/ | *ʔudun- /ʔudun/ |
| Pua | ulbmul /ulbmul/ | — | budhiil /bud̪iːl/ | — | — | nak /nak/ | — |
| Mdomo | ewa /ewa/ | — | barrgaar /barɡaːɻ/ | — | — | — | — |
| Jino | algnga /alɡŋa/ | damanda /damanda/ | muliir /muliːɻ/ | — /—/ | kadma leman /kadma leman/ | dat /dat/ | — /—/ |
| Ulimi | inhdhun /in̪d̪un/ | jalngantha /ɟalŋant̪a/ | nganhdhaar /ŋan̪d̪aːɻ/ | — /—/ | jalda leman /dʒalda leman/ | jiba /dʒiba/ | *lis- /lis/ |
| Mkono | anngul /anŋul/ | — /—/ | mangal /maŋal/ | zeira /ˈzeːra/ | marlda /maɭda/ | hat /hat/ | — /—/ |
| Mguu | ebmal /ebmal/ | — | dhamal /d̪amal/ | petes /ˈpetes/ | jaa /dʒaː/ | theng /ʈʰeŋ/ | — |
| Moyo | orol onmon /oɻol onmon/ | — /—/ | dadhali /dad̪ali/ | — /—/ | bulja /buldʒa/ | mon /mon/ | *lib- /lib/ |
| Mfupa | elgnggel /elɡŋɡel/ | julda /ɟulda/ | badhibay /bad̪ibaj/ | — /—/ | kadma /kadma/ | harang /haraŋ/ | *ḳas- /kʼas/ |
| Damu | olpong /olpoŋ/ | kandu /kandu/ | ganbi /ɡanbi/ | — /—/ | kanda /kanda/ | rokto /rɔkto/ | *dam- /dam/ |
| Kinyesi | adna /adna/ | — | mangga /maŋɡa/ | — | — | — | — |
| Upendo | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Mti | uku /uku/ | — /—/ | yugu /juɡu/ | — /—/ | thungal /θuŋal/ | gas /ɡas/ | — /—/ |
| Mbwa | uta /uta/ | — /—/ | gudaa /ɡudaː/ | kan /kan/ | ngawa /ŋawa/ | kuthura /kutʰuɾa/ | — /—/ |
| Paka | odhog /od̪oɡ/ | — /—/ | buthigan /but̪iɡan/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Samaki | uy /uj/ | yakuri /jakuɾi/ | guudyu /ɡuːɟu/ | — /—/ | yaka /jaka/ | mas /maːtʃʰ/ | — /—/ |
| Kipepeo | imilam /imilam/ | — | walbuulbul /walbuːlbul/ | — | — | — | — |
| Yai | onmon /onmon/ | — | gundil /ɡundil/ | — | — | dim /dim/ | — |
| Farasi | athayarr /at̪ajar/ | — | yarraman /jaraman/ | — | — | — | — |
| Nyumba | — /—/ | — /—/ | bayan /bajan/ | — /—/ | ngambirr /ŋambir/ | ghor /ɡʱoɾ/ | — /—/ |
| Maziwa | abum olgng /abum olɡŋ/ | — | guyuu /ɡujuː/ | — | — | dudh /dudʱ/ | — |
| Asali | oyjo /ojɟo/ | — | mula /mula/ | — | — | — | — |
| Chumvi | ilbmbu /ilbmbu/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Mchele | arrpo /arpo/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Kula | ichan /itʃan/ | — /—/ | budal /budal/ | — /—/ | jitha /dʒiθa/ | kha /kʰa/ | — /—/ |
| Kunywa | — /—/ | — /—/ | dyidyal /ɟiɟal/ | — /—/ | kurdama /kuɖama/ | kha /kʰa/ | — /—/ |
| Kulala | elwan udnanh /elwan udnan̪/ | — | waarrnggu /waːrŋɡu/ | — | — | ghuma /ɡʱuma/ | — |
| Moja | enongg /enoŋɡ/ | — /—/ | nubuun /nubuːn/ | — /—/ | warnge /waɾŋe/ | ek /ek/ | — /—/ |
| Mbili | uchir /utʃiɻ/ | kiyarrngka /kijaɾŋka/ | gudhiirra /ɡud̪iːra/ | — /—/ | kiyarrng /kijaɾŋ/ | dui /duɪ/ | *sin- /sin/ |
| Tatu | errab /erab/ | — /—/ | guunduu /ɡuːnduː/ | — /—/ | mungkalan /muŋkalan/ | tin /tin/ | — /—/ |
| Habari | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Asante | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Nzuri | olong /oloŋ/ | — /—/ | dabaar /dabaːɻ/ | — /—/ | kuba /kuba/ | bhala /bʱala/ | — /—/ |
| Mpya | ikum /ikum/ | — | nhilaa /n̪ilaː/ | — | — | — | — |
| Nyekundu | elbmbelbmben /elbmbelbmben/ | kandukandu /kandukandu/ | diini /diːni/ | — /—/ | kandukan /kandukan/ | lal /lal/ | — /—/ |
| Nyeupe | aral /aɻal/ | — | dyinggaa /ɟiŋɡaː/ | — | — | dhola /dʱola/ | — |
| Nyeusi | olpon /olpon/ | — | munhi /mun̪i/ | — | — | — | — |
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