Naáyarite
Cora
Uto-Aztecan
Cora (autonymously Naáyarite) is a Uto-Aztecan language of the Corachol sub-branch, spoken by around 17,000 people in the Sierra del Nayar region of Nayarit, Mexico. Linguistically, Cora is most closely related to Wixarika/Huichol (hch) — its sister Corachol language — but distinct enough that the two are mutually unintelligible. The Cora maintain their traditional indigenous religion centered on the goddess Tatei Náa'arí and continue ancient pilgrimage practices to sacred mountain sites including Tete Naayéri (the Mesa del Nayar). The Cora dialect cluster includes Mariteco, Mountain Cora, and Eastern/Central varieties. Despite its small speaker numbers, Cora has maintained intergenerational transmission in the more remote Sierra del Nayar settlements due to the region's geographic isolation and traditional cultural integrity.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Cora
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Uto-Aztecan
| Meaning | Cora | Wixarika | Proto-Uto-Aztecan | Guerrero Nahuatl | Nawat | Tarahumara | Central Huasteca Nahuatl |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | hapɨn /hapɨn/ | ha /ha/ | *paʔ /paʔ/ | atl /atɬ/ | at /at/ | bawí /bawi/ | atl /atɬ/ |
| Fire | taʼai /taʔai/ | tai /tai/ | *na- /na/ | tlitl /tɬitɬ/ | tit /tit/ | nahí /nahi/ | tlitl /tɬitɬ/ |
| Sun | tahaapuá /tahaːpwa/ | tau /tau/ | *ta /ta/ | tonajli /tonahli/ | tunal /tunal/ | rayó /ɾajo/ | tonati /tonati/ |
| Moon | mɨhka /mɨhka/ | metsa /metsa/ | *mɨca /mɨca/ | metztli /metstɬi/ | metzti /meːtsti/ | mecá /metʃa/ | metztli /metstɬi/ |
| Star | sɨɨrabe /sɨːˈrabe/ | xurawe /ʃuˈrawe/ | — /—/ | sitlalin /siˈtɬalin/ | sital /ˈsital/ | sopolí /sopoli/ | sitlalij /siˈtɬalih/ |
| Night | tika /tika/ | tikari /tikari/ | *tuku /tuku/ | yowalli /jowalːi/ | tayua /tajuwa/ | rokó /roko/ | youali /jowali/ |
| Rain | biite /biːte/ | wiyeri /wijeri/ | *yuku /juku/ | quiyahuitl /kijawitɬ/ | kiawit /kiawit/ | ukuí /ukui/ | kiyawit /kiˈjawit/ |
| Snow | seeri /seːɾi/ | ʼɨwi /ʔɨwi/ | — | nieve /ˈnjebe/ | — | kiparí /kipaɾi/ | sital set /sital set/ |
| Wind | eeca /eːka/ | ʼeeka /ʔeːka/ | *hɨka /hɨka/ | ajacatl /ahakatɬ/ | ejekat /eˈhekat/ | eká /eka/ | ajakatl /ahakatɬ/ |
| Earth | chuej /tʃweh/ | kwie /kʷie/ | — | tlajli /tɬahli/ | tal /ˈtaːl/ | weʼé /weʔe/ | tlali /tɬali/ |
| Stone | teté /teˈte/ | tete /tete/ | *tɨn /tɨn/ | tetl /teːtɬ/ | tet /tet/ | rité /ɾite/ | tetl /tetɬ/ |
| Mountain | jɨrí /hɨˈri/ | yemuri /jemuri/ | — | tepetl /ˈtepeːtɬ/ | tepet /ˈtepet/ | rabó /ɾabo/ | tepetl /ˈtepeːtɬ/ |
| Sea | muájete /mwaˈhete/ | haramara /haramara/ | *mɨma /mɨma/ | mar /mar/ | — | mar /maɾ/ | hueyatl /ˈwejatɬ/ |
| Mother | naana /naːna/ | nana /nana/ | — /—/ | nanan /nanan/ | nan /nan/ | iyé /ije/ | nana /nana/ |
| Father | hahuá /hahwa/ | yawe /jawe/ | — /—/ | tatah /tatah/ | tat /tat/ | onó /ono/ | tata /tata/ |
| I | neʼu /ˈneʔu/ | nee /neː/ | *nɨ /nɨ/ | nejua /neˈwa/ | naja /ˈnaha/ | nejé /nehe/ | na /na/ |
| You | aʼu /ˈaʔu/ | eekɨ /ˈeːkɨ/ | *ʔɨ /ʔɨ/ | tejua /teˈwa/ | taja /ˈtaha/ | mujé /muhe/ | ta /ta/ |
| We | ta /ta/ | tame /ˈtame/ | — /—/ | tejuamej /teˈwameh/ | tejemet /teˈhemet/ | tamujé /tamuhe/ | tohuanti /toˈwanti/ |
| Name | yeuwa /ˈjeuwa/ | tewa /ˈtewa/ | *tewa /tewa/ | tocaitl /toˈkaitɬ/ | tukay /ˈtukaj/ | riwá /ɾiwa/ | tocaxtli /toˈkaʃtɬi/ |
| Person | tebi /tebi/ | tewi /tewi/ | — | tlacatl /ˈtɬakatɬ/ | takat /ˈtakat/ | pagótami /paɡotami/ | masehuali /maseˈwali/ |
| Head | muʼú /muˈʔu/ | muʼú /muˈʔu/ | *moʔo /moʔo/ | tzontecomitl /tsonteˈkomitɬ/ | tzuntekun /tsuntekun/ | moʼó /moʔo/ | tzontecomitl /tsonteˈkomitɬ/ |
| Eye | húi /hwi/ | tukite /tukite/ | *pusi /pusi/ | ixtololo /iʃtololo/ | ish /iʃ/ | pusí /pusi/ | ixtioli /iʃtioli/ |
| Ear | naxai /naʃai/ | naka /naka/ | *naka /naka/ | nacas /nakas/ | nakas /nakas/ | naká /naka/ | nacastli /nakastɬi/ |
| Nose | tzúʼuri /ˈtsuʔuri/ | tsuri /tsuɾi/ | *yaka /jaka/ | yacatl /jakatɬ/ | yak /jak/ | aká /aka/ | yakatsoli /jakatsoli/ |
| Mouth | teni /teni/ | téni /teni/ | *tɨʔni /tɨʔni/ | camactli /kaˈmaktɬi/ | ten /ten/ | riní /ɾini/ | camactli /kaˈmaktɬi/ |
| Tooth | tame /tame/ | tame /tame/ | *tama /tama/ | tlan /tɬan/ | tan /tan/ | ramé /rame/ | tlankoch /tɬankotʃ/ |
| Tongue | nanu /nanu/ | neni /neni/ | *nene /nene/ | nenepil /nenepil/ | nenepil /nenepil/ | chamerawa /tʃamerawa/ | nenepili /nenepili/ |
| Hand | mam /mam/ | mama /mama/ | *maʔ /maʔ/ | maitl /maitɬ/ | mey /mei/ | sekuá /sekwa/ | maitl /maitɬ/ |
| Foot | ɨɨka /ɨːka/ | keta /keta/ | *tala /tala/ | icxitl /ikʃitɬ/ | ikshi /ikʃi/ | ronó /ɾono/ | icxitl /ikʃitɬ/ |
| Heart | hɨurí /hɨuri/ | iyari /ijari/ | *sula /sula/ | yojlotl /johlotɬ/ | yulu /julu/ | surí /suɾi/ | yolotl /jolotɬ/ |
| Bone | ɨka /ɨka/ | ume /ume/ | *ohomï-ta /ohomɨta/ | omitl /omitɬ/ | umit /umit/ | ochí /otʃi/ | omitl /omitɬ/ |
| Blood | xuuri /ʃuːɾi/ | xuriya /ʃuɾija/ | *ɨtwa /ɨtwa/ | yestli /jestɬi/ | esti /esti/ | wichirá /witʃiɾa/ | estli /estɬi/ |
| Love | kaʼna /kaʔna/ | kanenki /kanenki/ | — /—/ | tlazohtla /tɬasoʔtɬa/ | tasujta /tasuhta/ | nakí /naki/ | tlazohtla /tɬasoʔtɬa/ |
| Tree | kɨré /kɨre/ | kiyé /kije/ | *kut /kut/ | kojtli /kohtɬi/ | kwawit /kʷawit/ | gokó /ɡoko/ | cuahuitl /kʷawitɬ/ |
| Dog | tsɨʼɨ /tsɨʔɨ/ | tsïkï /tsɨkɨ/ | — /—/ | itzcuintli /itskʷintɬi/ | pelu /peːlu/ | kochí /kotʃi/ | chichi /tʃitʃi/ |
| Cat | mistú /mistu/ | mitsu /mitsu/ | — /—/ | miston /miston/ | mistun /mistuːŋ/ | misí /misi/ | misto /misto/ |
| Fish | sasa /sasa/ | kesi /kesi/ | *paki /paki/ | michin /mitʃin/ | michin /mitʃin/ | rochi /rotʃi/ | michi /mitʃi/ |
| Bird | pinaʼa /ˈpinaʔa/ | wiki /wiki/ | — | tototl /ˈtototɬ/ | tutut /tutut/ | chulugí /tʃuluɡi/ | tototl /tototɬ/ |
| Butterfly | átzipaʼu /ˈatsipaʔu/ | kipï /kipɨ/ | — | papalotl /paˈpalotɬ/ | papalut /papalut/ | nakarópari /nakaropari/ | papalotl /paˈpalotɬ/ |
| Egg | taʼu /taʔu/ | tawári /taˈwaɾi/ | — | totoltetl /totolˈtetɬ/ | teksisti /teksisti/ | kaʼwá /kaʔwa/ | tejsistli /tehsistɬi/ |
| Bear | juutzeʼe /huːtseʔe/ | hutse /hutse/ | — | oso /ˈoso/ | tekwani metzkujkutu /teːˈkʷani metskuhkutu/ | — | oso /oso/ |
| Horse | cahuaáyuʼu /kawaˈajuʔu/ | kawayu /kawaju/ | — | caballo /kaˈbajo/ | cahuayoh /kaˈwajuh/ | kawé /kawe/ | kauayoj /kaˈwajoh/ |
| House | kíh /kih/ | ki /ki/ | *ki /ki/ | kajli /kahli/ | kal /kal/ | kalí /kali/ | kali /kali/ |
| Milk | léechi /ˈleːtʃi/ | retsi /ɾetsi/ | — | leche /ˈletʃe/ | — | — | lechi /letʃi/ |
| Honey | sarate /saɾate/ | xiete /ʃiete/ | — | necutli /neˈkutɬi/ | nekti /nekti/ | amoo /amoo/ | necti /nekti/ |
| Salt | unáj /unah/ | ʼuna /ʔuna/ | *ona /ona/ | istatl /istatɬ/ | istat /istat/ | koná /kona/ | istatl /istatɬ/ |
| Wine | viinu /ˈbiːnu/ | winuyari /winujaɾi/ | — | vino /ˈbino/ | — | — | xocomeca at /ʃokomeka at/ |
| Chocolate | tzicuraá /tsikuɾaˈa/ | — | — | chikolatl /tʃikoˈlatɬ/ | chukulat /tʃukulat/ | — | chocolatl /tʃokoˈlatɬ/ |
| Iron | tepuústiʼi /tepuːstiʔi/ | tepɨa /tepɨa/ | — | tepostli /tepostɬi/ | tepusti /tepusti/ | jiyero /hijeɾo/ | tepostli /tepostɬi/ |
| Book | liibru /ˈliːbɾu/ | xapa /ʃapa/ | — | libro /ˈlibro/ | amat /amat/ | libro /libɾo/ | amochtli /aˈmotʃtɬi/ |
| Eat | kuá /kwa/ | kuye /kuje/ | *kwaʔa /kwaʔa/ | tlakua /tɬakʷa/ | takwa /takwa/ | koʼa /koʔa/ | tlacua /tɬakʷa/ |
| Drink | hiʼi /hiʔi/ | hiʼeka /hiʔeka/ | *hiʔpa /hiʔpa/ | koni /koni/ | ati /ati/ | bahí /bahi/ | atli /atɬi/ |
| Sleep | cutzú /kuˈtsu/ | kutsu /kutsu/ | *koci /koci/ | cochi /ˈkotʃi/ | kuchi /ˈkutʃi/ | kochí /kotʃi/ | cochi /ˈkotʃi/ |
| One | cei /tsei/ | xevi /ʃevi/ | *sɨmɨ /sɨmɨ/ | ce /se/ | se /se/ | bilé /bile/ | ce /se/ |
| Two | huapoa /waˈpoa/ | huta /huˈta/ | *wo /wo/ | ome /ˈome/ | ume /ˈume/ | okuá /okwa/ | ome /ˈome/ |
| Three | waika /waika/ | haika /haika/ | *pahi /pahi/ | yeyi /jeji/ | yey /jej/ | bakiá /bakia/ | eyi /ejiː/ |
| Four | muaacua /mwaːkwa/ | nauka /nauka/ | — | nahui /nawi/ | nawi /naːwi/ | naó /nao/ | nahui /naːwi/ |
| Five | ansɨbi /ansɨbi/ | auxɨwi /auʃɨwi/ | — | makuijli /makʷihli/ | makwil /maˈkʷil/ | marí /maˈɾi/ | makuili /maˈkʷili/ |
| Hundred | anxɨ́te /anˈʃɨte/ | xeitsienituyari /ʃeitsienitujari/ | — | ciento /ˈsjento/ | tzunti /tsunti/ | siénto /ˈsjento/ | cien /sjen/ |
| Hello | keʼkuanenki /keʔkwanenki/ | kekuanenki /kekwanenki/ | — /—/ | panolti /panolti/ | ne pakua /ne pakwa/ | kuira /kuiɾa/ | niltze /niltse/ |
| Thank you | atsipiraá /atsipiraː/ | paʼiwakaitsie /paʔiwakaitsje/ | — /—/ | tlazohcamati /tɬasoʔkamati/ | padiush /padjuʃ/ | matéterabá /mateteɾaba/ | tlaskamati /tɬaskamati/ |
| Good | huáʼi /hwaʔi/ | waxa /waʃa/ | — /—/ | kuajli /kʷahli/ | yek /jeːk/ | galá /ɡala/ | kuali /kʷali/ |
| New | jéjcua /ˈhehkwa/ | hekwa /hekʷa/ | *pɨtuwa /pɨtuwa/ | yencuic /ˈjenkʷik/ | yankwik /jaŋkʷik/ | bukulíwami /bukuliwami/ | yancuic /ˈjankʷik/ |
| Red | sabí /saˈbi/ | +aurawi /ʔaurawi/ | — /—/ | chichiltik /tʃitʃiltik/ | chiltik /tʃiltik/ | sitákame /siˈtakame/ | chichiltik /tʃitʃiltik/ |
| White | cuaiina /kʷaiˈina/ | tuxame /tuʃame/ | *tosa /tosa/ | istak /istak/ | istak /istak/ | rosá /rosa/ | istak /istak/ |
| Black | súʼumuaraʼa /suʔumwaɾaʔa/ | yɨwime /jɨwime/ | — | capotztic /kaˈpotstik/ | tiltik /tiltik/ | chókami /tʃokami/ | yayahuic /jaˈjawik/ |
| Green | jamuámua /haˈmwamwa/ | siïraïyeme /siɨraɨjeme/ | — | xoxojki /ʃoˈʃohki/ | shushuwik /ʃuʃuwik/ | siyóname /siˈjoname/ | xoxohuic /ʃoˈʃowik/ |
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