Ido
Constructed (auxiliary, Esperantido)
Ido is a constructed international auxiliary language that began in 1907 as a reform of Esperanto, adopted by the Delegation for the Adoption of an International Auxiliary Language meeting in Paris — the name is simply Esperanto for 'offspring'. Its architects, chiefly the French logician Louis Couturat and the Esperantist Louis de Beaufront, aimed at greater naturalness and printability: the accented letters ĉ ĝ ĥ ĵ ŝ ŭ were abolished, obligatory adjective agreement and the accusative -n were dropped, and many roots were reselected for wider international recognisability. The grammar keeps Esperanto's transparent endings — nouns in -o, adjectives in -a, adverbs in -e, infinitives in -ar — with stress on the penultimate syllable except in infinitives, which stress the last. The reform split the Esperanto movement bitterly and Ido never displaced its parent, but it has been maintained continuously ever since, today by the Uniono por la Linguo Internaciona Ido, with estimates of roughly one to five thousand users and an active Wikipedia.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Ido
Sources
- English Wiktionary Ido entries (all cells checked); Ido Wiktionary io.wiktionary.org (kukulo, rizo, wifio, dopamino, arobo, sushi); background Dyer, L.H. (1924) Ido-English Dictionary
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Constructed (auxiliary, Esperantido)
| Meaning | Ido | Esperanto | Interlingue | Interlingua | Venetian | Dante-era Italian | Corsican |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | aquo /ˈakwo/ | akvo /ˈakvo/ | aqua /ˈakwa/ | aqua /akwa/ | aqua /ˈakwa/ | acqua /ˈakːwa/ | acqua /ˈakwa/ |
| Fire | fairo /faˈiro/ | fajro /ˈfajro/ | foy /foj/ | foco /fɔko/ | fogo /ˈfoɡo/ | foco /ˈfɔko/ | focu /ˈfɔku/ |
| Sun | suno /ˈsuno/ | suno /ˈsuno/ | sole /ˈsole/ | sol /sɔl/ | sol /sol/ | sole /ˈsole/ | sole /ˈsɔle/ |
| Moon | luno /ˈluno/ | luno /ˈluno/ | lune /ˈlune/ | luna /luna/ | łuna /ˈuna/ | luna /ˈluna/ | luna /ˈluna/ |
| Star | stelo /ˈstelo/ | stelo /ˈstelo/ | stelle /ˈstele/ | stella /ˈstɛla/ | stela /ˈstela/ | stella /ˈstella/ | stella /ˈstella/ |
| Night | nokto /ˈnokto/ | nokto /ˈnokto/ | nocte /ˈnokte/ | nocte /ˈnokte/ | note /ˈnɔte/ | notte /ˈnotte/ | notte /ˈnɔtːe/ |
| Rain | pluvo /ˈpluvo/ | pluvo /ˈpluvo/ | pluvie /ˈpluvie/ | pluvia /ˈpluvia/ | piova /ˈpjɔva/ | piova /ˈpjɔːva/ | pioggia /ˈpjɔdʒa/ |
| Snow | nivo /ˈnivo/ | neĝo /ˈnedʒo/ | nive /ˈnive/ | nive /nive/ | neve /neve/ | neve /ˈneve/ | neve /ˈneve/ |
| Wind | vento /ˈvento/ | vento /ˈvento/ | vent /vent/ | vento /ˈvento/ | vento /ˈvento/ | vento /ˈvɛnto/ | ventu /ˈventu/ |
| Earth | tero /ˈtero/ | tero /ˈtero/ | terre /ˈtere/ | terra /ˈtɛra/ | tera /ˈtɛra/ | terra /ˈtɛrra/ | terra /ˈtɛrra/ |
| Stone | petro /ˈpetro/ | ŝtono /ˈʃtono/ | petre /ˈpetre/ | petra /ˈpetra/ | piera /ˈpjɛra/ | pietra /ˈpjɛtra/ | petra /ˈpɛtra/ |
| Mountain | monto /ˈmonto/ | monto /ˈmonto/ | monte /ˈmonte/ | montania /monˈtania/ | montagna /monˈtaɲa/ | montagna /monˈtaɲɲa/ | muntagna /munˈtaɲɲa/ |
| Sea | maro /ˈmaro/ | maro /ˈmaro/ | mar /mar/ | mar /mar/ | mar /mar/ | mare /ˈmare/ | mare /ˈmare/ |
| Mother | matro /ˈmatro/ | patrino /paˈtrino/ | matre /ˈmatre/ | matre /matre/ | mare /ˈmare/ | madre /ˈmaːdre/ | mamma /ˈmamma/ |
| Father | patro /ˈpatro/ | patro /ˈpatro/ | patre /ˈpatre/ | patre /patre/ | pare /pare/ | padre /ˈpaːdre/ | babbu /ˈbabːu/ |
| Daughter | filiino /filiˈino/ | filino /fiˈlino/ | filia /ˈfilia/ | filia /ˈfilia/ | fioła /ˈfjɔe̯a/ | figlia /ˈfiʎʎa/ | figliola /fiʎˈʎola/ |
| I | me /me/ | mi /mi/ | yo /jo/ | io /ˈio/ | mi /mi/ | io /ˈio/ | eiu /ˈɛju/ |
| You | tu /tu/ | vi /vi/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | ti /ti/ | tu /tu/ | tù /tu/ |
| We | ni /ni/ | ni /ni/ | noi /noi/ | nos /nos/ | noaltri /noˈaltri/ | noi /ˈnoi/ | noi /ˈnoi/ |
| Name | nomo /ˈnomo/ | nomo /ˈnomo/ | nómine /ˈnomine/ | nomine /ˈnomine/ | nome /ˈnome/ | nome /ˈnoːme/ | nome /ˈnome/ |
| Person | persono /perˈsono/ | homo /ˈhomo/ | person /perˈson/ | persona /perˈsona/ | persona /perˈsona/ | persona /perˈsona/ | persona /perˈsona/ |
| Head | kapo /ˈkapo/ | kapo /ˈkapo/ | cap /kap/ | capite /ˈkapite/ | tèsta /ˈtɛsta/ | testa /ˈtɛsta/ | capu /ˈkapu/ |
| Eye | okulo /oˈkulo/ | okulo /oˈkulo/ | ocul /ˈokul/ | oculo /okulo/ | ocio /ɔtʃo/ | occhio /ˈɔkːjo/ | ochju /ˈɔcu/ |
| Ear | orelo /oˈrelo/ | orelo /oˈrelo/ | orel /oˈrel/ | aure /ˈawre/ | récia /ˈretʃa/ | orecchio /oˈrɛkkjo/ | arechja /aˈrɛca/ |
| Nose | nazo /ˈnazo/ | nazo /ˈnazo/ | nase /ˈnaze/ | naso /ˈnazo/ | naxo /ˈnazo/ | naso /ˈnaso/ | nasu /ˈnazu/ |
| Mouth | boko /ˈboko/ | buŝo /ˈbuʃo/ | bocca /ˈbokka/ | bucca /ˈbuka/ | boca /ˈboka/ | bocca /ˈbokka/ | bocca /ˈbɔkka/ |
| Tooth | dento /ˈdento/ | dento /ˈdento/ | dent /dent/ | dente /ˈdente/ | dente /ˈdente/ | dente /ˈdente/ | dente /ˈdɛnte/ |
| Tongue | lango /ˈlaŋɡo/ | lango /ˈlanɡo/ | lingue /ˈliŋɡue/ | lingua /ˈliŋɡwa/ | léngua /ˈleŋɡwa/ | lingua /ˈliŋɡwa/ | lingua /ˈliŋɡwa/ |
| Hand | manuo /ˈmanuo/ | mano /ˈmano/ | manu /ˈmanu/ | mano /mano/ | man /man/ | mano /ˈmano/ | manu /ˈmanu/ |
| Foot | pedo /ˈpedo/ | piedo /piˈedo/ | pede /ˈpede/ | pede /pede/ | pìe /ˈpie/ | piede /ˈpjɛde/ | pede /ˈpɛde/ |
| Heart | kordio /ˈkordio/ | koro /ˈkoro/ | cordie /ˈkordie/ | corde /kɔrde/ | cor /kɔr/ | core /ˈkɔre/ | core /ˈkɔre/ |
| Bone | osto /ˈosto/ | osto /ˈosto/ | osse /ˈosse/ | osso /ˈosso/ | oso /ˈɔso/ | osso /ˈɔsːo/ | ossu /ˈɔssu/ |
| Blood | sango /ˈsaŋɡo/ | sango /ˈsanɡo/ | sangue /ˈsaŋɡue/ | sanguine /sanˈɡwine/ | sangue /ˈsaŋɡwe/ | sangue /ˈsaŋɡwe/ | sangue /ˈsaŋɡwe/ |
| Poop | feko /ˈfeko/ | kako /ˈkako/ | — | caca /ˈkaka/ | caca /ˈkaka/ | merda /ˈmɛrda/ | caca /ˈkaka/ |
| Love | amoro /aˈmoro/ | amo /ˈamo/ | amore /aˈmore/ | amor /amor/ | amor /amor/ | amore /aˈmore/ | amore /aˈmɔre/ |
| Tree | arboro /arˈboro/ | arbo /ˈarbo/ | árbor /ˈarbor/ | arbore /arbore/ | àlbaro /ˈalbaro/ | albero /ˈalbero/ | arburu /ˈarburu/ |
| Dog | hundo /ˈhundo/ | hundo /ˈhundo/ | cane /ˈkane/ | can /kan/ | can /kaŋ/ | cane /ˈkane/ | cane /ˈkane/ |
| Cat | kato /ˈkato/ | kato /ˈkato/ | cat /kat/ | catto /katto/ | gato /ˈɡato/ | gatto /ˈɡatːo/ | ghjattu /ˈɟattu/ |
| Fish | fisho /ˈfiʃo/ | fiŝo /ˈfiʃo/ | pisc /pisk/ | pisce /ˈpiʃe/ | pesse /ˈpese/ | pesce /ˈpeʃʃe/ | pesciu /ˈpeʃu/ |
| Bird | ucelo /uˈtselo/ | birdo /ˈbirdo/ | avie /ˈavie/ | ave /ˈave/ | oxeło /oˈzeo/ | uccello /utˈtʃɛlːo/ | uccellu /utˈtʃɛllu/ |
| Butterfly | papiliono /papiliˈono/ | papilio /papiˈlio/ | papilion /papiliˈon/ | papilion /papiliˈon/ | pavegia /paˈvedʒa/ | farfalla /farˈfalla/ | farfalla /farˈfalla/ |
| Egg | ovo /ˈovo/ | ovo /ˈovo/ | ove /ˈove/ | ovo /ˈovo/ | vovo /ˈvɔvo/ | uovo /ˈwɔːvo/ | ovu /ˈɔvu/ |
| Bear | urso /ˈurso/ | urso /ˈurso/ | urso /ˈurso/ | urso /ˈurso/ | orso /ˈorso/ | orso /ˈorso/ | orsu /ˈorsu/ |
| Horse | kavalo /kaˈvalo/ | ĉevalo /tʃeˈvalo/ | cavalle /kaˈvale/ | cavallo /kaˈvalo/ | caval /kaˈval/ | cavallo /kaˈvallo/ | cavallu /kaˈvallu/ |
| House | domo /ˈdomo/ | domo /ˈdomo/ | dom /dom/ | casa /kasa/ | caxa /ˈkaza/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkaza/ |
| Milk | lakto /ˈlakto/ | lakto /ˈlakto/ | lacte /ˈlakte/ | lacte /ˈlakte/ | late /ˈlate/ | latte /ˈlatte/ | latte /ˈlatte/ |
| Honey | mielo /ˈmi̯elo/ | mielo /miˈelo/ | miel /miˈel/ | melle /ˈmɛle/ | miel /mjɛl/ | miele /ˈmjɛːle/ | mele /ˈmɛle/ |
| Salt | salo /ˈsalo/ | salo /ˈsalo/ | sale /ˈsale/ | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ | sale /ˈsale/ | sale /ˈsale/ |
| Wine | vino /ˈvino/ | vino /ˈvino/ | vin /vin/ | vino /ˈvino/ | vin /viŋ/ | vino /ˈvino/ | vinu /ˈvinu/ |
| Rice | rizo /ˈrizo/ | rizo /ˈrizo/ | ris /ris/ | ris /ris/ | rixo /ˈrizo/ | — | risu /ˈrizu/ |
| Chocolate | chokolado /tʃokoˈlado/ | ĉokolado /tʃokoˈlado/ | chocolate /ʃokoˈlate/ | chocolate /tʃokoˈlate/ | ciocolata /tʃokoˈlata/ | — | cicculata /tʃikkuˈlata/ |
| Iron | fero /ˈfero/ | fero /ˈfero/ | ferre /ˈfere/ | ferro /ˈfɛrro/ | fero /ˈfɛro/ | ferro /ˈfɛrro/ | ferru /ˈfɛrru/ |
| Wheel | roto /ˈroto/ | rado /ˈrado/ | rote /ˈrote/ | rota /ˈrɔta/ | roda /ˈrɔda/ | rota /ˈrɔta/ | rota /ˈrɔta/ |
| Silk | silko /ˈsilko/ | silko /ˈsilko/ | seta /ˈseta/ | seta /ˈseta/ | seda /ˈseda/ | — | seta /ˈseta/ |
| Book | libro /ˈlibro/ | libro /ˈlibro/ | libre /ˈlibre/ | libro /ˈlibro/ | libro /ˈlibro/ | libro /ˈlibro/ | libru /ˈlibru/ |
| Eat | manjar /manˈʒar/ | manĝi /ˈmandʒi/ | manjar /manˈʒar/ | manducar /mandukar/ | magnàr /maˈɲar/ | mangiare /manˈdʒare/ | manghjà /manˈɟa/ |
| Drink | drinkar /drinˈkar/ | trinki /ˈtrinki/ | trincar /trinˈkar/ | biber /biber/ | bévar /ˈbevar/ | bevere /ˈbevere/ | beie /ˈbeje/ |
| Sleep | dormar /dorˈmar/ | dormi /ˈdormi/ | dormir /dorˈmir/ | dormir /dorˈmir/ | dormir /dorˈmir/ | dormire /dorˈmire/ | durmì /durˈmi/ |
| One | un /un/ | unu /ˈunu/ | un /un/ | un /un/ | un /un/ | uno /ˈuno/ | unu /ˈunu/ |
| Two | du /du/ | du /du/ | du /du/ | duo /ˈduo/ | do /do/ | due /ˈduːe/ | dui /ˈdui/ |
| Three | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | tres /tres/ | tre /tre/ | tre /tre/ | trè /trɛ/ |
| Four | quar /kwar/ | kvar /kvar/ | quar /kwar/ | quatro /ˈkwatro/ | quatro /ˈkwatro/ | quattro /ˈkwatːro/ | quattru /ˈkwatːru/ |
| Five | kin /kin/ | kvin /kvin/ | quin /kwin/ | cinque /ˈtʃiŋkwe/ | sìnque /ˈsiŋkwe/ | cinque /ˈtʃiŋkwe/ | cinque /ˈtʃiŋkwe/ |
| Hundred | cent /tsent/ | cent /tsent/ | cent /tsent/ | cento /ˈtʃento/ | sento /ˈsento/ | cento /ˈtʃɛnto/ | centu /ˈtʃɛntu/ |
| Hello | saluto /saˈluto/ | saluton /saˈluton/ | salute /saˈlute/ | salute /salute/ | ciao /tʃao/ | salute /saˈlute/ | salute /saˈlute/ |
| Thank you | danko /ˈdanko/ | dankon /ˈdankon/ | mersí /merˈsi/ | gratias /ɡratias/ | grassie /ɡrasje/ | mercede /merˈtʃede/ | grazie /ˈɡratsje/ |
| Good | bona /ˈbona/ | bona /ˈbona/ | bon /bon/ | bon /bon/ | bon /bon/ | buono /ˈbwɔno/ | bonu /ˈbɔnu/ |
| New | nova /ˈnova/ | nova /ˈnova/ | nov /nov/ | nove /ˈnove/ | novo /ˈnovo/ | novo /ˈnɔvo/ | novu /ˈnɔvu/ |
| Red | reda /ˈreda/ | ruĝa /ˈrudʒa/ | rubi /ˈrubi/ | rubie /ˈrubie/ | róso /ˈroso/ | rosso /ˈrosso/ | rossu /ˈrossu/ |
| White | blanka /ˈblanka/ | blanka /ˈblanka/ | blanc /blaŋk/ | blanc /blaŋk/ | bianco /ˈbjaŋko/ | bianco /ˈbjaŋko/ | biancu /ˈbjaŋku/ |
| Black | nigra /ˈniɡra/ | nigra /ˈniɡra/ | nigri /ˈniɡri/ | nigre /ˈniɡre/ | negro /ˈneɡro/ | nero /ˈnero/ | neru /ˈneru/ |
| Green | verda /ˈverda/ | verda /ˈverda/ | verd /verd/ | verde /ˈverde/ | verde /ˈverde/ | verde /ˈverde/ | verde /ˈverde/ |
| Blue | blua /ˈblua/ | blua /ˈblua/ | blu /blu/ | blau /blau/ | — | — | turchinu /turˈkinu/ |
| Cuckoo | kukulo /kuˈkulo/ | kukolo /kuˈkolo/ | cucú /kuˈku/ | cucu /ˈkuku/ | cucù /kuˈku/ | cucco /ˈkukko/ | cuccu /ˈkukku/ |
| Computer | komputero /kompuˈtero/ | komputilo /kompuˈtilo/ | computator /komputaˈtor/ | computator /komputaˈtor/ | computer /komˈpjuter/ | abbaco /abˈbaːko/ | urdinatore /urdinaˈtore/ |
| Wi-Fi | wifio /ˈwifio/ | vifio /viˈfio/ | — | — | Wi-Fi | — | — |
| Sushi | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | suŝio /suˈʃio/ | — | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | tonnina /tonˈniːna/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ |
| Tea | teo /ˈteo/ | teo /ˈteo/ | té /te/ | the /te/ | tè /tɛ/ | — | tè /tɛ/ |
| Coffee | kafeo /kaˈfeo/ | kafo /ˈkafo/ | café /kaˈfe/ | caffe /ˈkafe/ | cafè /kaˈfɛ/ | — | caffè /kafˈfɛ/ |
| Sugar | sukro /ˈsukro/ | sukero /suˈkero/ | sucre /ˈsukre/ | sucro /ˈsukro/ | sùcaro /ˈsukaro/ | — | zuccheru /ˈdzukkeru/ |
| Orange | oranjo /oˈranʒo/ | oranĝo /oˈrandʒo/ | orange /oˈranʒe/ | orange /oˈrandʒe/ | naranza /naˈraŋsa/ | arancia /aˈrantʃa/ | aranciu /aˈrantʃu/ |
| Dopamine | dopamino /dopaˈmino/ | dopamino /dopaˈmino/ | — | dopamina /dopaˈmina/ | — | — | — |
| At sign | arobo /aˈrobo/ | heliko /heˈliko/ | — | — | — | — | ciuvodda /tʃuˈvɔɖɖa/ |
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