Southern Qiang
Sino-Tibetan (Qiangic)
Southern Qiang (ISO 639-3: qxs) is a Sino-Tibetan language traditionally classified in the Qiangic branch and spoken by Qiang communities along the Min River in northern Sichuan, China. Its varieties are reported in Li County, Wenchuan County, and part of Mao County, and seven markedly divergent dialects are commonly distinguished. Unlike closely related Northern Qiang, Southern Qiang is tonal; some varieties also preserve older pronominal inflection lost in the north. The language is threatened as Standard Chinese dominates education and mass media, and published descriptions cover particular local varieties rather than a single uniform standard.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Southern Qiang
Sources
- Sun Hongkai et al. 1991, Zangmianyu yuyin he cihui (藏缅语语音和词汇), Taoping Qiang list, via lexibank/suntb (doculect TaopingQiang)
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Sino-Tibetan (Qiangic)
| Meaning | Southern Qiang | Northern Pumi | Yi | Nusu | Jino | Achang | Hani |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | tsuə /tsuə˧˧/ | tɕɨ53 /tɕɨ˥˧/ | ꒉ /ʑɿ˧˧/ | ɹi31gɹɑ53 /ɹi˧˩ɡɹɑ˥˧/ | ji31tʃho55 /ji˧˩tʃʰo˥˥/ | ti55 /ti˥˥/ | wulquvq /u˥˥tɕʰu˧˩/ |
| Fire | mi /mi˧˧/ | mɐ35 /mɐ˧˥/ | ꃆꄔ /mu˨˩tu˥/ | mi55 /mi˥˥/ | mi33 /mi˧˧/ | poi31 /poi˧˩/ | miqzaq /mi˧˩dza˧˩/ |
| Sun | masɿ /ma˧˧sɿ˥˥/ | bu̵53 /bʉ˥˧/ | ꉘꁮ /ho˧˧bu˧˧/ | ȵi35ɑ55 /ɲi˧˥ɑ˥˥/ | ȵɔ35 /ɲɔ˧˥/ | ni31 mɔ31 /ni˧˩ mɔ˧˩/ | naolma /nɔ˥˥ma˧˧/ |
| Moon | ɕyɕya /ɕy˧˧ɕya˥˥/ | ɬi55 /ɬi˥˥/ | ꆪ /ɬɯ˨˩/ | ɬɑ31 /ɬɑ˧˩/ | pu33ɬa44 /pu˧˧ɬa˦˦/ | pʰă31 lɔʔ31 /pʰă˧˩ lɔʔ˧˩/ | bala /ba˧˧la˧˧/ |
| Star | χdʐepe /χdʐe˧˧pe˥˥/ | dʐə35 /ɖʐə˧˥/ | ꃅꏸ /mu˧˧tɕɿ˧˧/ | kɹe31lɔ35 /kɹe˧˩lɔ˧˥/ | pu33ke33 /pu˧˧ke˧˧/ | kʰʐə55 /kʰʐə˥˥/ | aqgeel /a˧˩ɡɯ˥˥/ |
| Night | mudʑo /mu˧˧dʑo˨˦˩/ | ɕyɛ55 /ɕyɛ˥˥/ | ꃅꌋ /mu˧˧si˧˧/ | suɑʴ35nɑ35 /suɑ˞˧˥nɑ˧˥/ | mi33tɕhø33 /mi˧˧tɕʰø˧˧/ | ni31 tɕʰot35 /ni˧˩ tɕʰot˧˥/ | aoqqivq /ɔ˧˩tɕi˧˩/ |
| Rain | maʐi /ma˧˩ʐi˥˥/ | gui53 /ɡui˥˧/ | ꂷꉐ /ma˧˧ha˧˧/ | mɯ55ɑ31ɹuɑ55 /mɯ˥˥ɑ˧˩ɹuɑ˥˥/ | mi31tha55 /mi˧˩tʰa˥˥/ | mau31 ʐo55 /mau˧˩ ʐo˥˥/ | aoqsseil /ɔ˧˩ze˥˥/ |
| Snow | məpɑ /mə˧˩pɑ˥˥/ | pu̵53 /pʉ˥˧/ | ꃰ /vo˧˧/ | vɑ55 /vɑ˥˥/ | njɛ33ji44 /ɲɛ˧˧ji˦˦/ | xan31 ʑai55 /xan˧˩ ʑai˥˥/ | haqju /xa˧˩dʑu˧˧/ |
| Wind | mɑʁu /mɑ˧˧ʁu˥˥/ | mu55wa53 /mu˥˥wa˥˧/ | ꃅꆳ /mu˧˧ɬɿ˧˧/ | mɯ55ɑ31ɬi35 /mɯ˥˥ɑ˧˩ɬi˧˥/ | li31phjɐ33 /li˧˩pʰjɐ˧˧/ | l̥i55 /l̥i˥˥/ | jaqleil /dʑa˧˩le˥˥/ |
| Earth | dzu /dzu˥˥/ | dẽ35 /dẽ˧˥/ | ꊖ /tsa˧˧/ | mɹi35ɑ55 /mɹi˧˥ɑ˥˥/ | mi31tsha33 /mi˧˩tsʰa˧˧/ | mi55 /mi˥˥/ | mil caq /mi˥˥tsʰa˧˩/ |
| Stone | ʁo /ʁo˨˦˩/ | jã35ba53 /jã˧˥ba˥˧/ | ꇓ /lu˧˧/ | lu̱53 /lu˥˧/ | lo42mɔ44 /lo˦˨mɔ˦˦/ | laŋ31kɔʔ55 /laŋ˧˩kɔʔ˥˥/ | haqluv /xa˧˩lu˧˧/ |
| Mountain | tsʰuə /tsʰuə˥˥/ | ri53 /ri˥˧/ | ꁧ /bo˧˧/ | ŋu35ɑ55 /ŋu˧˥ɑ˥˥/ | ɣɯ31tha55 /ɣɯ˧˩tʰa˥˥/ | pum55 /pum˥˥/ | haolgaoq /xɔ˥˥ɡɔ˧˩/ |
| Sea | ɕye /ɕye˧˧/ | — | — | shuɑ35 /sʰuɑ˧˥/ | lɐ31mɔ33 /lɐ˧˩mɔ˧˧/ | nam31 tɕu31 /nam˧˩ tɕu˧˩/ | lao'laoma /lɔ˧˧lɔ˧˧ma˧˧/ |
| Mother | ma /ma˧˧/ | ma55 /ma˥˥/ | ꀉꂿ /a˧˦mo˧˧/ | iɑ55m̩31 /iɑ˥˥m̩˧˩/ | a33mɔ44 /a˧˧mɔ˦˦/ | mauʔ51 /mauʔ˥˩/ | aqma /a˧˩ma˧˧/ |
| Father | pi /pi˥˥/ | suɛ̃33 /suɛ̃˧˧/ | ꀉꄉ /a˧˦ta˧˧/ | iɑ55bɑ31 /iɑ˥˥bɑ˧˩/ | a33pu33 /a˧˧pu˧˧/ | teʔ55 /teʔ˥˥/ | aqda /a˧˩da˧˧/ |
| Daughter | tɕi /tɕi˧˧/ | m̥ə53 /m̥ə˥˧/ | ꀋꃋ /a˨˩mɿ˧˧/ | mi31ɑ31zɑ55 /mi˧˩ɑ˧˩zɑ˥˥/ | zɔ33mi33 /zɔ˧˧mi˧˧/ | tsaŋ31 ʑi31 /tsaŋ˧˩ ʑi˧˩/ | ssaqmiq /za˧˩mi˧˩/ |
| I | qɑ /qɑ˥˥/ | a35 /a˧˥/ | ꉢ /ŋa˧˧/ | ŋɑ35 /ŋɑ˧˥/ | ŋɔ31 /ŋɔ˧˩/ | ŋɔ55 /ŋɔ˥˥/ | ngal /ŋa˥˥/ |
| You | no /no˥˥/ | ȵi35 /ɲi˧˥/ | ꆏ /nɯ˧˧/ | ȵo55 /ɲo˥˥/ | nɐ31 /nɐ˧˩/ | nuaŋ55 /nuaŋ˥˥/ | nol /no˥˥/ |
| We | tsuətʰyɑ / qɑtʰyɑ /tsuə˧˩tʰyɑ˥˥ / qɑ˧˩tʰyɑ˥˥/ | ɛ̃35rə53 / a35rə53 /ɛ̃˧˥rə˥˧ / a˧˥rə˥˧/ | ꉪꊇ /ŋo˨˩ɣo˧˦/ | ɑ55iɯ31 / ŋɑ35dɯ31 /ɑ˥˥iɯ˧˩ / ŋɑ˧˥dɯ˧˩/ | a33ŋ̊o33 / ŋa33jo31 /a˧˧ŋ̊o˧˧ / ŋa˧˧jo˧˩/ | ŋɔ55 tuʔ31 /ŋɔ˥˥ tuʔ˧˩/ | ngaldu / ngalya /ŋa˥˥du˧˧ / ŋa˥˥ja˧˧/ |
| Name | χmə /χmə˥˥/ | mɛ̃55 /mɛ̃˥˥/ | ꂓ /m̥i˧˧/ | m̥ə̃ʴ35 /m̥ə̃˞˧˥/ | a33mi33 /a˧˧mi˧˧/ | a31 nʲiŋ55 /a˧˩ nʲiŋ˥˥/ | milq /mi˥˥/ |
| Person | mə /mə˧˧/ | mə53 /mə˥˧/ | ꊿ /tsʰo˧˧/ | su35 /su˧˥/ | tshɐ35 /tsʰɐ˧˥/ | tʂo55 /tʂo˥˥/ | col /tsʰo˥˥/ |
| Head | qəpotʂɿ /qə˧˧po˥˥tʂɿ˧˧/ | khu53 /kʰu˥˧/ | ꀂꏾ /i˧˧tɕʰi˧˧/ | u31phu55 /u˧˩pʰu˥˥/ | vu33khɛ33 /vu˧˧kʰɛ˧˧/ | nă31kuaŋ31 /nă˧˩kuaŋ˧˩/ | wuqduq /u˧˩du˧˩/ |
| Eye | mi /mi˥˥/ | ȵɛ53 /ɲɛ˥˧/ | ꑓ /ɲɔ˧˧/ | miɑ53dʑi31 /miɑ˥˧dʑi˧˩/ | mja42tsi44 /mja˦˨tsi˦˦/ | nʲɔʔ55 tsiʔ31 /nʲɔʔ˥˥ tsiʔ˧˩/ | miav /mja˧˧/ |
| Ear | ȵikie /ɲi˧˩kie˧˧/ | nɐ55pɐ53 /nɐ˥˥pɐ˥˧/ | ꅻ /n̥ɯ˨˩/ | n̥ɑ55shə̃ɹ35 /n̥ɑ˥˥sʰə̃ɹ˧˥/ | na33kho55 /na˧˧kʰo˥˥/ | ni31 ʈʂʰua31 /ni˧˩ ʈʂʰua˧˩/ | naqbol /na˧˩bo˥˥/ |
| Nose | χȵiqopə /χɲi˧˩qo˥˥pə˧˧/ | n̥ə35ɣiã53 /n̥ə˧˥ɣiã˥˧/ | ꅲ /n̥a˧˧/ | n̥ɑ55kɑ̃35 /n̥ɑ˥˥kɑ̃˧˥/ | nɔ33to44 /nɔ˧˧to˦˦/ | n̥ʲɔŋ55 /n̥ʲɔŋ˥˥/ | nalmeil /na˥˥me˥˥/ |
| Mouth | χqɑ /χqɑ˥˥/ | ȵõ35 /ɲõ˧˥/ | ꈂꀸ /kʰa˨˩pʰi˥/ | n̥ɑ55khɔ̃35 /n̥ɑ˥˥kʰɔ̃˧˥/ | mø33mø33 /mø˧˧mø˧˧/ | n̥ʲot55 /n̥ʲot˥˥/ | meiqbaoq /me˧˩bɔ˧˩/ |
| Tooth | suə /suə˥˥/ | ʂu̵53 /ʂʉ˥˧/ | ꎐꂷ /dʐɿ˧˧ma˧˧/ | shua55 /sʰua˥˥/ | a33tʃɯ33 /a˧˧tʃɯ˧˧/ | tɕoi55 /tɕoi˥˥/ | seq /sɤ˧˩/ |
| Tongue | zɿqə /zɿ˧˩qə˥˥/ | ɬiɛ53 /ɬiɛ˥˧/ | ꉐꆂ /ha˧˧nɛ˧˧/ | fɹɑ35 /fɹɑ˧˥/ | mø33khɹa33 /mø˧˧kʰɹa˧˧/ | ɕɔ55 /ɕɔ˥˥/ | lalma /la˥˥ma˧˧/ |
| Hand | i /i˥˥/ | ʑɛ35 /ʑɛ˧˥/ | ꇇ /lo˥/ | ʔlɑ53 /ʔlɑ˥˧/ | la33pu33 /la˧˧pu˧˧/ | lɔʔ55 /lɔʔ˥˥/ | aqlavq /a˧˩la˧˩/ |
| Foot | dʑi /dʑi˥˥/ | tʂhə53 /ʈʂʰə˥˧/ | ꏸꑭ /tɕɿ˧˧ɕɿ˧˧/ | khɹi35 /kʰɹi˧˥/ | ʃɔ33khi33 /ʃɔ˧˧kʰi˧˧/ | tɕʰi55 /tɕʰi˥˥/ | aqkeel /a˧˩kʰɯ˥˥/ |
| Heart | χtiemə /χtie˥˥mə˥˥/ | xuɐ53 /xuɐ˥˧/ | ꉌꂵ /hɛ˧˧ma˥/ | ʔĩ31lɔ55 /ʔĩ˧˩lɔ˥˥/ | pe33sɯ33 /pe˧˧sɯ˧˧/ | n̥ʲa55 lum31 /n̥ʲa˥˥ lum˧˩/ | neema /nɯ˧˧ma˧˧/ |
| Bone | rɑkɑ /rɑkɑ/ | rɛ35ka53 /rɛ˧˥ka˥˧/ | ꃷꅍ /vu˨˩du˧˧/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | a31ʐau31 /a˧˩ʐau˧˩/ | saqyyuq /sa˧˩jø˧˩/ |
| Blood | sɑ /sɑ˧˧/ | se35 /se˧˥/ | ꌦ /sɿ˧˧/ | sui55 /sui˥˥/ | a33ɕi44 /a˧˧ɕi˦˦/ | sui31 /sui˧˩/ | sivq /si˧˩/ |
| Poop | tʃʰɿ /tʃʰɿ˥˥/ | xe53 /xe˥˧/ | — | khji55i55 /kʰji˥˥i˥˥/ | ɑ33khɹi33 /ɑ˧˧kʰɹi˧˧/ | tɕʰi31 /tɕʰi˧˩/ | xiq /ɕi˧˩/ |
| Love | mɑ /mɑ˧˧/ | ɣiɛ35 /ɣiɛ˧˥/ | ꉂ /ŋɡu˧˧/ | mi35 /mi˧˥/ | mo44e33 /mo˦˦e˧˧/ | — /—/ | gaq /ɡa˧˩/ |
| Tree | pʰo /pʰo˥˥/ | sẽ35bõ35 /sẽ˧˥bõ˧˥/ | ꌩꁧ /sɿ˧˧bo˧˧/ | si53dzə̃ʴ35 /si˥˧dzə̃˞˧˥/ | a33tsɯ33 /a˧˧tsɯ˧˧/ | saŋ31 tseŋ55 /saŋ˧˩ tseŋ˥˥/ | albol /a˥˥bo˥˥/ |
| Dog | kʰuə /kʰuə˥˥/ | khɯ35dʐa35 /kʰɯ˧˥ɖʐa˧˥/ | ꈌ /kʰɯ˧˧/ | khui55 /kʰui˥˥/ | khɯ33jo33 /kʰɯ˧˧jo˧˧/ | xui31 /xui˧˩/ | aqkeeq /a˧˩kʰɯ˧˩/ |
| Cat | maȵy /ma˧˩ɲy˥˥/ | mɐ35tsə55 /mɐ˧˥tsə˥˥/ | ꀉꑐ /a˧˦ɲɛ˧˧/ | mɯ35ȵɛ31 /mɯ˧˥ɲɛ˧˩/ | jɔ31mɛ44 /jɔ˧˩mɛ˦˦/ | — /—/ | almil /a˥˥mi˥˥/ |
| Fish | dzɿ /dzɿ˧˧/ | dʑɨ53 /dʑɨ˥˧/ | ꉛ /hɯ˧˧/ | ŋɑ55 /ŋɑ˥˥/ | ŋɔ33 /ŋɔ˧˧/ | ŋa31 ʂua31 /ŋa˧˩ ʂua˧˩/ | ngaqdeil /ŋa˧˩de˥˥/ |
| Bird | dʑeyemə /dʑe˨˦˩ye˥˥mə˧˧/ | guɛ35tɕi35 /ɡuɛ˧˥tɕi˧˥/ | — | hɑ̃53 /hɑ̃˥˧/ | ŋɑ33zɔ33 /ŋɑ˧˧zɔ˧˧/ | m̥ɔʔ55 /m̥ɔʔ˥˥/ | alzil /a˥˥dzi˥˥/ |
| Butterfly | futie /fu˧˩tie˧˧/ | ma35bʐɛ53 /ma˧˥bʐɛ˥˧/ | — | phɑ53ɬɑ55 /pʰɑ˥˧ɬɑ˥˥/ | pu33ɬo33pu33tʃɯ33 /pu˧˧ɬo˧˧pu˧˧tʃɯ˧˧/ | phă31ʐam35tʂam55 /pʰă˧˩ʐam˧˥tʂam˥˥/ | allu /a˥˥lu˧˧/ |
| Egg | χtə /χtə˥˥/ | rɐ35ku55 /rɐ˧˥ku˥˥/ | ꏿ /tɕʰi˨˩/ | ɹɑ31ʔu31 /ɹɑ˧˩ʔu˧˩/ | ɑ33vu33 /ɑ˧˧vu˧˧/ | uʔ31 /uʔ˧˩/ | alwuv /a˥˥u˧˧/ |
| Bear | ti /ti˧˧/ | guẽ55 /ɡuẽ˥˥/ | ꊈ /ɣo˧˧/ | khui55uɑ35 /kʰui˥˥uɑ˧˥/ | a33ø44 /a˧˧ø˦˦/ | ɔm55 /ɔm˥˥/ | haq'aol /xa˧˩ɔ˥˥/ |
| Horse | ʐu /ʐu˥˥/ | ɣuẽ35 /ɣuẽ˧˥/ | ꃅ /mu˧˧/ | mɹɯ31lɑ55 /mɹɯ˧˩lɑ˥˥/ | mjo33 /mjo˧˧/ | m̥ʐaŋ31 /m̥ʐaŋ˧˩/ | moq /mo˧˩/ |
| House | tɕi /tɕi˧˧/ | tɕø̃55 /tɕø̃˥˥/ | ꑳ /ʑi˧˧/ | iɔ35kɑʴ35 /iɔ˧˥kɑ˞˧˥/ | tso31 /tso˧˩/ | in55 /in˥˥/ | laqhyul /la˧˩xø˥˥/ |
| Milk | ȵyȵytsuə /ɲy˥˥ɲy˥˥tsuə˥˥/ | nɛ35 /nɛ˧˥/ | — | nɯ55nɯ31 /nɯ˥˥nɯ˧˩/ | mɛ44ji33 /mɛ˦˦ji˧˧/ | nau35 /nau˧˥/ | aqqul /a˧˩tɕʰu˥˥/ |
| Salt | tsʰɿ /tsʰɿ˧˧/ | tshi55 /tsʰi˥˥/ | ꋂ /tsʰɯ˧˧/ | tshɑ55 /tsʰɑ˥˥/ | tsha55kha31 /tsʰa˥˥kʰa˧˩/ | tɕʰɔ31 /tɕʰɔ˧˩/ | caqdevq /tsʰa˧˩dɤ˧˩/ |
| Rice | qʰə /qʰə˧˧/ | tɕhyø35 /tɕʰyø˧˥/ | ꍯ /tʂʰɯ˧˧/ | mɛ35mɛ31 /mɛ˧˥mɛ˧˩/ | tɕhe31 /tɕʰe˧˩/ | tsʰen55 /tsʰen˥˥/ | ceil /tsʰe˥˥/ |
| Iron | ɕi /ɕi˥˥/ | ɕī55 /ɕi˥˥/ | — | ɕɑ35 /ɕɑ˧˥/ | ɕɛ42 /ɕɛ˦˨/ | ʂam55 /ʂam˥˥/ | saol /sɔ˥˥/ |
| Silk | ʁueχto /ʁue˧˧χto˧˧/ | thiɛ35 /tʰiɛ˧˥/ | ꁮꑟ /bu˧˧ɕi˧˧/ | ɑ55ɕi31tɕhe53ɑ31 /ɑ˥˥ɕi˧˩tɕʰe˥˧ɑ˧˩/ | — | phe55 /pʰe˥˥/ | — |
| Book | ʒɿʒɿ /ʒɿ˧˩ʒɿ˧˧/ | dʑi35dʑi35 /dʑi˧˥dʑi˧˥/ | ꄯꒉ /tʰɯ˨˩ʑɿ˧˧/ | uɔʴ55su35ɑ55 /uɔ˞˥˥su˧˥ɑ˥˥/ | a33pjo33 /a˧˧pjo˧˧/ | a31pʐo55 /a˧˩pʐo˥˥/ | soqhhaq /so˧˩ɣa˧˩/ |
| Eat | dʒɿ /dʒɿ˧˧/ | dzə53 /dzə˥˧/ | ꋠ /dzɯ˧˧/ | dzɑ55 /dzɑ˥˥/ | tsɔ33 /tsɔ˧˧/ | tɕɔ31 /tɕɔ˧˩/ | zaq /dza˧˩/ |
| Drink | tʰie /tʰie˧˧/ | thiẽ53 /tʰiẽ˥˧/ | ꅝ /ndo˧˧/ | ɕhu̱55 /ɕʰu˥˥/ | tɐ42 /tɐ˦˨/ | ʂoʔ55 /ʂoʔ˥˥/ | dol /do˥˥/ |
| Sleep | ne /ne˥˥/ | khə35ʑi35 /kʰə˧˥ʑi˧˥/ | ꀀ /i˥/ | iɔ̱53ɔ31 /iɔ˥˧ɔ˧˩/ | ji44 /ji˦˦/ | e31 /e˧˩/ | yiuvq /ju˧˩/ |
| One | tʃɿ /tʃɿ˧˧/ | ti35 /ti˧˥/ | ꋍ /tsʰɿ˨˩/ | thi53 /tʰi˥˧/ | thi33 /tʰi˧˧/ | ta31 /ta˧˩/ | qiq /tɕʰi˧˩/ |
| Two | ȵi /ɲi˥˥/ | nə35 /nə˧˥/ | ꑍ /ɲi˨˩/ | m̩55 /m̩˥˥/ | ni55 /ni˥˥/ | sək55 /sək˥˥/ | niq /ȵi˧˩/ |
| Three | tsʰi /tsʰi˥˥/ | sõ35 /sõ˧˥/ | ꌕ /sɔ˧˧/ | sɔ35 /sɔ˧˥/ | sø33 /sø˧˧/ | sum31 /sum˧˩/ | saol /sɔ˥˥/ |
| Four | dʒɿ /dʒɿ˧˧/ | ʐɐ55 /ʐɐ˥˥/ | ꇖ /lɿ˧˧/ | vɹi35 /vɹi˧˥/ | li33 /li˧˧/ | mi31 /mi˧˩/ | yuvq /ø˧˩/ |
| Five | ʁuɑ /ʁuɑ˧˧/ | ŋuɐ55 /ŋuɐ˥˥/ | ꉬ /ŋɯ˧˧/ | ŋɑ53 /ŋɑ˥˧/ | ŋɔ33 /ŋɔ˧˧/ | ŋɔ31 /ŋɔ˧˩/ | ngavq /ŋa˧˩/ |
| Hundred | tʂʰi /tʂʰi˥˥/ | re53 /re˥˧/ | ꉐ /ha˧˧/ | ɕhɑ35 /ɕʰɑ˧˥/ | ɕɔ33 /ɕɔ˧˧/ | pak35 /pak˧˥/ | yal /ja˥˥/ |
| Hello | niə /niə/ | — /—/ | ꂿꎆꈐ /mo˧˧su˧˧kɤ˧˧/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | niahuq mahuq /nia˧˧xu˧˩ ma˧˧xu˧˩/ |
| Thank you | — /—/ | — /—/ | ꈀꎭꀕ /kʰa˧˦ʂa˧˧ʂa˧˧/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | gaq sai /ɡa˧˩ sai/ |
| Good | nɑ /nɑ˧˧/ | tɕhyi55mə53 /tɕʰyi˥˥mə˥˧/ | ꉾ /xɯ˧˧/ | ge35ɑ55 /ɡe˧˥ɑ˥˥/ | mɯ33 /mɯ˧˧/ | tɕi55 /tɕi˥˥/ | xa /xa˧˧/ |
| New | tsʰi /tsʰi˥˥/ | ɕi55ɕi55mə53 /ɕi˥˥ɕi˥˥mə˥˧/ | ꀊꏀ /a˧˧ʂɿ˥/ | dʑɔ53 /dʑɔ˥˧/ | a33ɕi55 /a˧˧ɕi˥˥/ | ʂək55 /ʂək˥˥/ | siivq /sɿ˧˩/ |
| Red | χȵiȵi /χɲi˧˩ɲi˧˧/ | ȵɛ55mə53 /ɲɛ˥˥mə˥˧/ | ꀊꅪ /a˧˧n̥i˧˧/ | xɹi35ɑ55 /xɹi˧˥ɑ˥˥/ | a33nɯ44 /a˧˧nɯ˦˦/ | na55 /na˥˥/ | nil /ȵi˥˥/ |
| White | pʰʐi /pʰʐi˥˥/ | phʐã55mə53 /pʰʐã˥˥mə˥˧/ | ꀊꐎ /a˧˧tɕʰu˧˧/ | bɑ55bɑ31 /bɑ˥˥bɑ˧˩/ | a33phɹo33 /a˧˧pʰɹo˧˧/ | pʰʐo55 /pʰʐo˥˥/ | piul /pʰju˥˥/ |
| Black | ȵiȵi /ɲi˥˥ɲi˧˩/ | ȵɛ35mə53 /ɲɛ˧˥mə˥˧/ | ꀉꆈ /a˧˦nɔ˧˧/ | nɑ35nɑ53 /nɑ˧˥nɑ˥˧/ | a33na42 /a˧˧na˦˨/ | lɔk55 /lɔk˥˥/ | nav /na˧˧/ |
| Green | χueχue /χue˧˧χue˧˩/ | ȵĩ55mə53 /ɲĩ˥˥mə˥˧/ | ꀈꆧ /a˥ɬo˨˩/ | ȵɯ35ȵɯ31 /ɲɯ˧˥ɲɯ˧˩/ | a33ny55 /a˧˧ny˥˥/ | nʲau55 /nʲau˥˥/ | niul /ɲu˥˥/ |
| Blue | lanȵi /lanɲi/ | ȵi55na55mə53 /ɲi˥˥na˥˥mə˥˧/ | ꀊꃴ /a˧˧vu˥/ | ȵɯ35ȵɯ31 /ɲɯ˧˥ɲɯ˧˩/ | a33lɯ33 /a˧˧lɯ˧˧/ | səm31 /səm˧˩/ | peel /pʰɯ˥˥/ |
| Sugar | tɕʰytɕʰy /tɕʰy˧˩tɕʰy˥˥/ | bu̵35 /bʉ˧˥/ | — | — | — | năm31muai31 /năm˧˩muai˧˩/ | — |
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