salırça

Salar

Turkic (Oghuz)

FamilyTurkic (Oghuz) Speakers~60–95K L1 ScriptNo standard orthography; Arabic script (türk oğuş, moribund) / Latin: Ma Quanlin's pinyin-based alphabet (1993) and the Common-Turkic TB31 used online and in the cells here CountriesChina Official inRecognized minority language of the PRC. Under the autonomy regulations of Xunhua Salar Autonomous County (Qinghai), art. 14, the county's autonomous organs use Salar, Tibetan and Chinese in performing their duties. Salar has no official orthography and Chinese is used for writing. ISO 639-3slr

Salar (autonym Salır gaçı; ISO 639-3 slr) is an Oghuz Turkic language and the easternmost geographical outlier of that branch. It is spoken mainly in Xunhua and Hualong in Qinghai and Jishishan in Gansu, with a smaller western community in the Ili region of Xinjiang. The larger eastern variety includes Jiezi and Mengda dialects, while Ili Salar has developed separately under stronger Uyghur and Kazakh influence. Centuries of contact with Northwestern Mandarin, Amdo Tibetan, Mongolic languages, and Islamic literary languages have strongly shaped its sound system and vocabulary, although its suffixing morphology and basic word order remain Turkic. Salar is primarily spoken and has no universally accepted standard orthography: historical texts used an Arabic-based script, several Latin systems have been proposed, and most speakers use Chinese for literacy and formal writing.

Where it is spoken

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87 core words in Salar

Water

su

su

Fire

ot

ot

Sun

gün

ɡyn

Moon

ay

ɑj

Star

yulduz

julduz

Night

gece

keʝe

Rain

yağmur

jɑʁmur

Snow

qar

qɑr

Wind

yel

jel

Earth

toraq

torɑχ

Stone

taş

tɑʃ

Mountain

dağ

tɑʁ

Sea

hay

xɑj

Mother

ama

ɑma

Father

aba

ɑbɑ

Daughter

qız

qɨz

I

men

men

You

sen

sen

We

piser

pʰisɤɹ

Name

ad

ɑt

Person

kiş

kiʃ

Head

baş

bɑʃ

Eye

göz

ɡøz

Ear

qulax

qulaχ

Nose

purun

pʰurun

Mouth

ağız

ɑʁzɨ

Tooth

tiş

tʰiɕ

Tongue

dil

dil

Hand

el

el

Foot

ayax

ɑjɑχ

Heart

yirek

jiˈɻix

Bone

sinix

siˈnix

Blood

qan

qɑn

Poop

poq

poχ

Love

möhabbät

møhɑbːæt

Tree

ağaş

ɑʁɑʃ

Dog

işt

i̥ɕtʰ

Cat

müşük

myɕyx

Fish

balux

bɑˈluχ

Bird

quş

quʃ

Butterfly

kegelik

kekelix

Egg

yumutta

jumutɑ

Bear

atıq

ɑtɯχ

House

öy

øj

Milk

süt

syt

Honey

bal

bal

Salt

duz

tus

Rice

tüturğan

tyturʁɑn

Iron

dimur

timur

Wheel

gulu

kulu

Book

kitab

kitab

Eat

yiğüsi

jiɣysi

Drink

işgüsi

iʃɡysi

One

bir

bir

Two

işgi

i̥ɕki

Three

üş

yɕ

Four

döt

tøtʰ

Five

beş

beʃ

Hundred

yüz

jyz

Hello

selam

sælɑm

Thank you

shukirlä

ʃukɪrlæ

Good

yaxşi

jɑχʃi

New

yañı

jɑŋɯ

Red

qızıl

qɯˈzɯl

White

ax

ax

Black

qara

qaˈra

Green

yaşil

jɑʃil

Blue

gök

ɡøk

Cuckoo

guguk

kukux

Sources

Words compared

Compared with languages in the same classification: Turkic (Oghuz)

Meaning SalarKumykKarakhanidUyghurQashqaiKyrgyzKarachay-Balkar
Water su /su/ сув /suw/ suw /suw/ سۇ /su/ su /su/ суу /suː/ суу /suw/
Fire ot /ot/ от /ot/ ot /ot/ ئوت /ot/ ot /ot/ от /ot/ от /ot/
Sun gün /ɡyn/ гюн /ɡyn/ kün /kyn/ قۇياش /qujɑʃ/ gün /ɟyn/ күн /kyn/ кюн /kyn/
Moon ay /ɑj/ ай /aj/ ay /aj/ ئاي /ɑj/ ay /aj/ ай /ɑj/ ай /aj/
Star yulduz /julduz/ юлдуз /julduz/ yulduz /julduz/ يۇلتۇز /julˈtuz/ ulduz /ulduz/ жылдыз /dʒɯɫˈdɯz/ жулдуз /ʒulˈduz/
Night gece /keʝe/ гече /ɡetʃe/ tün /tyn/ كېچە /ketʃɛ/ gecə /ɡedʒæ/ түн /tyn/ кече /ketʃe/
Rain yağmur /jɑʁmur/ янгур /jaŋˈur/ yağmur /jaɣmur/ يامغۇر /jɑmˈʁur/ — жамгыр /dʒɑmɡɯr/ жауун /ʒɑˈwun/
Snow qar /qɑr/ къар /qar/ qar /qar/ قار /qɑr/ qar /ɡar/ кар /qɑr/ къар /qar/
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