Bahamian Dialect
Creolo bahamiano
Creolo a base inglese
Il creolo bahamiano (dialetto bahamiano, talvolta «bahamianese») è la lingua vernacolare creola a base inglese delle Bahamas, parlata da circa 400.000 persone, compresa l'intera popolazione nativa L1. Discende dallo stesso creolo atlantico a base inglese dei secoli XVII-XVIII del patois giamaicano (jam), del kriol beliziano (bzj) e del gullah (gcl), ma con tratti distintivi che riflettono la storia coloniale bahamiana: ampia influenza dei coloni inglesi lealisti/tory (successiva alla Rivoluzione americana), substrato africano proveniente da popolazioni schiavizzate di varie origini dell'Africa occidentale, e un più tenue contatto marittimo spagnolo e francese (minore rispetto agli altri creoli caraibici). Si distingue dall'inglese standard per tratti fonologici (spostamento rotico, [θ]→[t]/[f], [ð]→[d]/[v]), tratti grammaticali (copula zero, aspetto abituale «does», plurale non marcato) e un lessico proprio della vita insulare bahamiana.
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in creolo bahamiano
Fonti
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: Creolo a base inglese
| Significato | Creolo bahamiano | Inglese | Inglese del West Country | Inglese gallese | Inglese mancuniano | Inglese giamaicano | Inglese malaysiano |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | watah /wɑːtə/ | water /ˈwɔːtə/ | water /ˈwɔːtɚ/ | water /ˈwɔːtə/ | water /ˈwɔːtɐ/ | water /ˈwɔːtə/ | water /ˈwɔːtə/ |
| Fuoco | fyah /fajə/ | fire /faɪə/ | fire /faɪɚ/ | fire /faɪə/ | fire /faɪə/ | fire /faɪə/ | fire /faɪə/ |
| Sole | son /sɔn/ | sun /sʌn/ | sun /sʌn/ | sun /sʌn/ | sun /sʊn/ | sun /sɵn/ | sun /san/ |
| Luna | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ | moon /muːn/ |
| Stella | star /stɑː/ | star /stɑːɹ/ | star /stɑːɹ/ | star /staː/ | star /staː/ | star /staː/ | star /staː/ |
| Notte | night /naɪt/ | night /naɪt/ | night /naɪt/ | night /naɪt/ | night /naɪt/ | night /naɪt/ | night /naɪt/ |
| Pioggia | rain /reɪn/ | rain /ɹeɪn/ | rain /ɹeɪn/ | rain /ɾeɪn/ | rain /ɹeɪn/ | rain /ɹeːn/ | rain /ɹeːn/ |
| Neve | snow /snoʊ/ | snow /snoʊ/ | snow /snəʊ/ | snow /snoʊ/ | snow /snəʊ/ | snow /snoː/ | snow /snoː/ |
| Vento | wind /wɪn/ | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ | wind /wɪnd/ |
| Pietra | stone /stoʊn/ | stone /stoʊn/ | stone /stəʊn/ | stone /stoːn/ | stone /stɒʊn/ | stone /stoːn/ | stone /stoːn/ |
| Madre | mama /mama/ | mother /ˈmʌðə/ | mother /ˈmʌðɚ/ | mother /ˈmʌðə/ | mother /ˈmʊðɐ/ | mother /ˈmɵðə/ | mother /ˈmadə/ |
| Padre | daddy /dadi/ | father /ˈfɑːðə/ | father /ˈvɑːðɚ/ | father /ˈfɑːðə/ | father /ˈfaːðɐ/ | father /ˈfaːðə/ | father /ˈfadə/ |
| Figlia | daughter /dɑːtə/ | daughter /ˈdɔːtə/ | daughter /ˈdɔːtɚ/ | daughter /ˈdɔːtə/ | daughter /ˈdɔːtɐ/ | daughter /ˈdɔːtə/ | daughter /ˈdɔːtə/ |
| Io | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ | I /aɪ/ |
| Tu | you /juː/ | you /juː/ | you /juː/ | you /juː/ | you /juː/ | you /juː/ | you /juː/ |
| Noi | we /wiː/ | we /wiː/ | we /wiː/ | we /wiː/ | we /wiː/ | we /wiː/ | we /wiː/ |
| Nome | name /neɪm/ | name /neɪm/ | name /neɪm/ | name /neːm/ | name /neɪm/ | name /neːm/ | name /neɪm/ |
| Occhio | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ | eye /aɪ/ |
| Orecchio | ear /ɛə/ | ear /ɪɚ/ | ear /ɪɚ/ | ear /iːə/ | ear /ɪə/ | ear /iːa/ | ear /iə/ |
| Naso | nose /noːz/ | nose /noʊz/ | nose /nəʊz/ | nose /noʊz/ | nose /nəʊz/ | nose /noːz/ | nose /noːs/ |
| Dente | tooth /tuːt/ | tooth /tuːθ/ | tooth /tuːθ/ | tooth /tuːθ/ | tooth /tʊθ/ | tooth /tuːt/ | tooth /tuːt/ |
| Lingua | tongue /tʌŋ/ | tongue /tʌŋ/ | tongue /tʌŋ/ | tongue /tʌŋ/ | tongue /tʊŋ/ | tongue /tɵŋ/ | tongue /taŋ/ |
| Mano | han /han/ | hand /hænd/ | hand /hand/ | hand /hand/ | hand /hand/ | hand /hand/ | hand /hæn/ |
| Cuore | hart /hɑːt/ | heart /hɑːt/ | heart /hɑːɹt/ | heart /haːt/ | heart /haːt/ | heart /haːt/ | heart /haːt/ |
| Osso | bone /boʊn/ | bone /boʊn/ | bone /bəʊn/ | bone /boːn/ | bone /bɒʊn/ | bone /boːn/ | bone /bon/ |
| Sangue | blood /blʌd/ | blood /blʌd/ | blood /blʌd/ | blood /blʌd/ | blood /blʊd/ | blood /blɵd/ | blood /blad/ |
| Amore | love /lɔv/ | love /lʌv/ | love /lʌv/ | love /lʌv/ | love /lʊv/ | love /lɵv/ | love /laf/ |
| Albero | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ | tree /tɹiː/ |
| Cane | dawg /dɔɡ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ | dog /dɒɡ/ | dog /dɔɡ/ | dog /dɔk/ |
| Gatto | cat /kat/ | cat /kæt/ | cat /kat/ | cat /kʰat/ | cat /kat/ | cat /kʰat ~ kjaːt/ | cat /kæt/ |
| Pesce | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ | fish /fɪʃ/ |
| Uccello | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːɹd/ | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːd/ | bird /bɜːd/ |
| Uovo | egg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ |
| Casa | house /haus/ | house /haʊs/ | house /haʊs/ | house /haʊs/ | house /haʊs/ | house /hɵʊs/ | house /haʊs/ |
| Latte | milk /mɪlk/ | milk /mɪlk/ | milk /mɪlk/ | milk /mɪlk/ | milk /mɪlk/ | milk /mɪlk/ | milk /mɪlk/ |
| Sale | salt /sɑːlt/ | salt /sɔːlt/ | salt /sɔːlt/ | salt /sɔːlt/ | salt /sɔːlt/ | salt /sɔːlt/ | salt /sɔlt/ |
| Vino | wine /waɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ | wine /waɪn/ |
| Ruota | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ | wheel /wiːl/ |
| Mangiare | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ | eat /iːt/ |
| Bere | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ | drink /dɹɪŋk/ |
| Dormire | sliip /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ | sleep /sliːp/ |
| Uno | one /wan/ | one /wʌn/ | one /wʌn/ | one /wʌn/ | one /wʊn/ | one /wɵn/ | one /wan/ |
| Due | two /tuː/ | two /tuː/ | two /tuː/ | two /tuː/ | two /tuː/ | two /tuː/ | two /tuː/ |
| Tre | three /tɹiː/ | three /θɹiː/ | three /θɹiː/ | three /θɹiː/ | three /θɹiː/ | three /tɹiː/ | three /tɹiː/ |
| Quattro | four /fɔː/ | four /fɔːɹ/ | four /fɔːɹ/ | four /fɔː/ | four /fɔː/ | four /foː/ | four /fɔː/ |
| Cinque | faiv /faiv/ | five /faɪv/ | five /faɪv/ | five /faɪv/ | five /faɪv/ | five /faɪv/ | five /faɪv/ |
| Cento | hundred /ˈhʌndɹəd/ | hundred /ˈhʌndɹəd/ | hundred /ˈhʌndɹəd/ | hundred /ˈhʌndɾəd/ | hundred /ˈhʊndɹəd/ | hundred /ˈhɵndɹɛd/ | hundred /ˈhandɹɛd/ |
| Ciao | wuhz hapnin /wʊz hapnɪn/ | hello /həˈləʊ/ | hello /hɛˈloʊ/ | hello /həˈləʊ/ | hello /həˈlɔʊ/ | hello /həˈloː/ | hello /həˈlo/ |
| Grazie | tank ya /taŋk jə/ | thank you /θæŋk juː/ | thanks /θaŋks/ | thanks /θaŋks/ | ta /taː/ | thank you /taŋk juː/ | thanks /tɛŋks/ |
| Buono | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊd/ | good /ɡʊt/ |
| Rosso | red /ɹɛd/ | red /ɹɛd/ | red /ɹɛd/ | red /ɾɛd/ | red /ɹɛd/ | red /ɹɛd/ | red /ɹɛd/ |
| Bianco | white /waɪt/ | white /waɪt/ | white /waɪt/ | white /waɪt/ | white /waɪt/ | white /waɪt/ | white /waɪt/ |
| Nero | black /blak/ | black /blæk/ | black /blak/ | black /blak/ | black /blak/ | black /blak/ | black /blæk/ |
| Verde | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɾiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ | green /ɡɹiːn/ |
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