Sranan Tongo
Sranan tongo
Creolo a base inglese
Lo sranan tongo è una lingua creola a base inglese e la lingua franca del Suriname (la lingua ufficiale è il neerlandese). Si sviluppò nel XVII secolo durante l’economia delle piantagioni, subendo forti influssi da neerlandese, portoghese e lingue africane. Funziona come lingua interetnica in una società multietnica (creoli, indostani, giavanesi, marrons, indigeni, sino-surinamesi).
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in sranan tongo
Fonti
- Ethnologue: srn
- Smith (1987) The Genesis of the Creole Languages of Suriname
- Adamson & Smith (2003) Sranan
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: Creolo a base inglese
| Significato | Sranan tongo | Aukan | Creolo dello Stretto di Torres | Krio | Bislama | Pijin | Pidgin nigeriano |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | watra /watra/ | wataa /wataː/ | woda /woda/ | wata /ˈwata/ | wota /wota/ | wata /wata/ | wọtá /wɔta/ |
| Fuoco | faya /faja/ | faya /faja/ | paya /paja/ | faya /ˈfaja/ | faea /faea/ | faea /faja/ | faya /faja/ |
| Sole | son /son/ | san /saŋ/ | san /san/ | san /san/ | san /san/ | san /san/ | sọn /sɔn/ |
| Luna | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ | mun /mun/ |
| Stella | stari /ˈstari/ | sitari /siˈtari/ | sta /sta/ | sta /sta/ | sta /sta/ | sta /sta/ | star /staː/ |
| Notte | neti /neti/ | neti /neti/ | nait /nait/ | nɛt /nɛt/ | naet /naet/ | naet /naet/ | nait /nait/ |
| Pioggia | alen /ˈaːlɛn/ | alen /ˈaːlɛn/ | ren /ren/ | ren /rɛn/ | ren /rɛn/ | ren /ren/ | rain /reːn/ |
| Neve | snew /sneu/ | — | — | sno /sno/ | sno /sno/ | snou /snou/ | snow /sno/ |
| Vento | winti /ˈwinti/ | winta /winta/ | win /win/ | briz /briz/ | win /win/ | win /win/ | win /win/ |
| Terra | gron /ɡron/ | doti /doti/ | graun /ɡraun/ | gron /ɡrɔn/ | graon /ɡraon/ | graon /ɡraon/ | graun /ɡraʊn/ |
| Pietra | ston /ston/ | siton /siton/ | ston /ston/ | ston /stɔn/ | ston /ston/ | ston /ston/ | ston /ston/ |
| Montagna | bergi /ˈbɛrɡi/ | mongo /moŋo/ | maunten /maunten/ | mawnten /ˈmawnten/ | maunten /maunten/ | maonden /maonden/ | mountin /maʊntin/ |
| Mare | se /se/ | ze /ze/ | solwata /solwata/ | si /si/ | solwora /solwora/ | solwata /solwata/ | sea /si/ |
| Madre | mama /mama/ | mma /mːa/ | ama /ama/ | mama /ˈmama/ | mama /mama/ | mami /mami/ | mama /mama/ |
| Padre | papa /papa/ | tata /tata/ | papa /papa/ | papa /ˈpapa/ | papa /papa/ | dadi /dadi/ | papa /papa/ |
| Figlia | umapikin /umapikin/ | umanpikin /umanpikin/ | gel /ɡel/ | gyal pikin /ɡjal pikin/ | gel /ɡel/ | dota /dota/ | girl pikin /ɡɛl pikin/ |
| Io | mi /mi/ | mi /mi/ | ai /ai/ | mi /mi/ | mi /mi/ | mi /mi/ | A /a/ |
| Tu | yu /ju/ | yu /ju/ | yu /ju/ | yu /ju/ | yu /ju/ | iu /iu/ | you /ju/ |
| Noi | wi /wi/ | wi /wi/ | yumpla / mipla /jumpla / mipla/ | wi /wi/ | yumi / mifala /jumi / mifala/ | iumi / mifala /jumi / mifala/ | wi /wi/ |
| Nome | nen /nɛn/ | nen /nɛn/ | nem /nem/ | nem /nɛm/ | nem /nem/ | nem /nem/ | nem /nɛm/ |
| Persona | libisma /libisma/ | sama /sama/ | — | pɔsin /pɔsin/ | man /man/ | man /man/ | pesin /pɛsin/ |
| Testa | ede /ede/ | ede /ede/ | ed /ed/ | ed /ed/ | hed /hed/ | hed /hed/ | head /hɛd/ |
| Occhio | ai /ai/ | ain /ain/ | ai /aj/ | ay /aj/ | ae /ae/ | ae /ae/ | ai /aɪ/ |
| Orecchio | yesi /jesi/ | yesi /jesi/ | talinga /taliŋa/ | yes /jes/ | ia /ia/ | ia /ia/ | ear /ia/ |
| Naso | noso /noso/ | noso /noso/ | nus /nus/ | nos /nɔs/ | nus /nus/ | nos /nos/ | nose /noːs/ |
| Bocca | mofo /mofo/ | mofu /mofu/ | maut /maut/ | mɔt /mɔt/ | maot /maot/ | maot /maot/ | mout /maʊt/ |
| Dente | tifi /tifi/ | tifi /tifi/ | tit /tit/ | tit /tit/ | tut /tut/ | titi /titi/ | tit /tit/ |
| Lingua | tongo /toŋo/ | tongo /toŋo/ | tang /taŋ/ | tɔŋ /tɔŋ/ | tang /taŋ/ | tang /taŋ/ | tong /tɔŋ/ |
| Mano | anu /anu/ | ana /ana/ | an /an/ | an /an/ | han /han/ | han /han/ | hand /hand/ |
| Piede | futu /futu/ | futu /futu/ | put /put/ | fut /fut/ | leg /leɡ/ | leg /leɡ/ | leg /lɛɡ/ |
| Cuore | ati /ati/ | ati /ati/ | at /at/ | at /at/ | bel /bel/ | hat /hat/ | hat /hat/ |
| Osso | bonyo /boɲo/ | bon /bon/ | bon /bon/ | bon /bɔn/ | bun /bun/ | bon /bon/ | bón /bɔn/ |
| Sangue | brudu /bruːdu/ | buulu /buːlu/ | blad /blad/ | blɔd /blɔd/ | blad /blad/ | blad /blad/ | blod /blɔd/ |
| Cacca | kaka /kaka/ | — | kaka /kaka/ | kaka /kaˈka/ | kaka /kaka/ | kaka /kaka/ | shit /ʃit/ |
| Amore | lobi /lobi/ | lobi /lobi/ | lavem /lavem/ | lɛk /lɛk/ | laekem /laekem/ | lavem /lavem/ | lọv /lɔv/ |
| Albero | bon /boŋ/ | bon /boŋ/ | tri /tri/ | tik /tik/ | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | tri /tɾi/ |
| Cane | dagu /daɡu/ | dagu /daɡu/ | dog /doɡ/ | dɔg /dɔɡ/ | dog /doɡ/ | dogi /doɡi/ | dọg /dɔɡ/ |
| Gatto | poesi /pusi/ | poesi /pusi/ | pusiket /pusiket/ | pus /pus/ | pusi /pusi/ | puskat /puskat/ | pus /pus/ |
| Pesce | fisi /fisi/ | fisi /fisi/ | pis /pis/ | fis /fis/ | fis /fis/ | fis /fis/ | fish /fiʃ/ |
| Uccello | fowru /ˈfoːru/ | foo /foː/ | pizin /pizin/ | bɔd /bɔd/ | pijin /pidʒin/ | bed /bed/ | bird /bɛd/ |
| Farfalla | kapelka /kapelka/ | — | bataplai /bataplai/ | bɔtaflay /bɔtaflaj/ | bataflae /bataflae/ | bataflae /bataflae/ | — |
| Uovo | eksi /eksi/ | igi /iɡi/ | eg /eɡ/ | eg /ɛɡ/ | eg /ɛɡ/ | eg /eɡ/ | egg /ɛɡ/ |
| Orso | beer /beːr/ | beer /beːr/ | bea /bea/ | bia /ˈbia/ | bea /bea/ | bea /bea/ | bear /bɛ/ |
| Cavallo | asi /asi/ | asi /asi/ | os /os/ | ɔs /ɔs/ | hos /hos/ | hos /hos/ | horse /hɔs/ |
| Casa | oso /oso/ | osu /osu/ | haus /haus/ | os /os/ | haos /haos/ | haos /haos/ | haus /haʊs/ |
| Latte | merki /ˈmɛrki/ | meliki /meliki/ | susu /susu/ | milk /milk/ | melek /melek/ | susu /susu/ | milk /milk/ |
| Miele | oni /oni/ | oniki /oniki/ | ani /ani/ | ɔni /ˈɔni/ | hani /hani/ | hani /hani/ | honey /hɔni/ |
| Sale | sowtu /sowtu/ | sawtu /sawtu/ | solt /solt/ | sɔl /sɔl/ | sol /sol/ | sol /sol/ | salt /sɔlt/ |
| Vino | win /win/ | win /win/ | wain /wain/ | wayn /wain/ | waen /waen/ | waen /waen/ | wine /waɪn/ |
| Riso | aleisi /aleisi/ | alisi /aˈlisi/ | rais /rais/ | rɛs /rɛs/ | raes /raes/ | raes /raes/ | rais /rais/ |
| Cioccolato | syokola /ʃokola/ | — | — | chɔklet | joklet /dʒoklet/ | chocolate | chocolate |
| Ferro | isri /ˈisri/ | insii /insiː/ | aian /aian/ | ayɛn /ˈajɛn/ | aean /aean/ | aean /aean/ | iron /aiɔn/ |
| Ruota | wiel /wil/ | — | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ | wil /wil/ |
| Libro | buku /buku/ | buku /buku/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ |
| Mangiare | nyan /ɲan/ | nyan /ɲaŋ/ | kaikai /kajkaj/ | it /it/ | kakae /kakae/ | kaikai /kajkaj/ | chọp /tʃɔp/ |
| Bere | dringi /driŋi/ | diingi /diːŋi/ | dringk /driŋk/ | drink /driŋk/ | dring /driŋ/ | drinkim /driŋkim/ | drink /dɾiŋk/ |
| Dormire | sribi /ˈsribi/ | siibi /siːbi/ | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ | slip /slip/ |
| Uno | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ | wanfala /wanfala/ | wan /wan/ |
| Due | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tufala /tufala/ | tu /tu/ |
| Tre | dri /dri/ | dii /diː/ | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | tri /tri/ | trifala /trifala/ | tri /tri/ |
| Quattro | fo /fo/ | fo /fo/ | fo /fo/ | fo /fo/ | fo /fo/ | fofala /fofala/ | fo /fɔ/ |
| Cinque | feifi /ˈfeifi/ | feifi /fɛifi/ | faiv /faiv/ | fayv /faiv/ | faev /faev/ | faefala /faefala/ | faiv /faiv/ |
| Cento | hondro /hondro/ | ondoo /ondoː/ | andred /andred/ | ɔndrɛd /ˈɔndrɛd/ | handred /handred/ | handred /handred/ | hundred /hɔndrɛd/ |
| Ciao | odi /odi/ | fa yu de /fa ju de/ | wis wei /wis wej/ | kushɛ /kuˈʃɛ/ | halo /halo/ | halo /halo/ | how far /haʊ faː/ |
| Grazie | grantangi /ɡrantaŋi/ | gaantangi /ɡaːntaŋi/ | eso /eso/ | tɛnki /ˈtɛŋki/ | tangkyu /taŋkju/ | tagio /taɡio/ | tenki /tɛnki/ |
| Buono | bun /bun/ | boon /boːŋ/ | gud /ɡud/ | gud /ɡud/ | gud /ɡud/ | gud /ɡud/ | fain /faɪn/ |
| Nuovo | nyun /ɲun/ | nyun /ɲun/ | niu /niu/ | nyu /nju/ | niufala /niufala/ | niu /niu/ | new /nju/ |
| Rosso | redi /redi/ | lebi /lebi/ | red /red/ | rɛd /rɛd/ | red /red/ | red /red/ | red /rɛd/ |
| Bianco | weti /weti/ | weti /weti/ | wait /wait/ | wayt /wajt/ | waet /waet/ | waet /waet/ | white /waɪt/ |
| Nero | blaka /blaka/ | baaka /baːka/ | blak /blak/ | blak /blak/ | blak /blak/ | blak /blak/ | black /blak/ |
| Verde | grun /ɡrun/ | guun /ɡuːn/ | grin /ɡrin/ | grin /ɡrin/ | grin /ɡrin/ | grin /ɡrin/ | green /ɡrin/ |
| Blu | blaw /blaw/ | baaw /baːw/ | blu /blu/ | blu /blu/ | blu /blu/ | blu /blu/ | blue /blu/ |
| Computer | kompyuter /komˈpjutər/ | — | — | kɔmpyuta /kɔmpjuta/ | kompiuta /kompiuta/ | kompiuta /kompiuta/ | kọmputa /kɔmpútà/ |
| Tè | te /te/ | te /te/ | — | ti /ti/ | ti /ti/ | ti /ti/ | tea /ti/ |
| Caffè | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | — | kɔfi /ˈkɔfi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | coffee /kɔfi/ |
| Zucchero | sukru /sukru/ | sukuu /sukuː/ | — | shuga /ˈʃuɡa/ | suga /suɡa/ | suga /suɡa/ | — |
| Arancia | apresina /apresina/ | apeesina /apeːsina/ | — | oranj /ɔˈrandʒ/ | orenj /orendʒ/ | orens /orens/ | orenj /ɔˈrɛndʒ/ |
| 99 | neigitenti-na-neigi /neiɡitenti na neiɡi/ | neigintenti a neigin /nɛiɡintenti a nɛiɡin/ | nainti nain /nainti nain/ | naynti-nayn /nainti nain/ | naenti naen /naenti naen/ | naenti-naen /naenti naen/ | ninty-nine /nainti nain/ |
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