Basa Bali
Balinese
Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian)
Balinese is the language of Bali and parts of Lombok, mother tongue to roughly three million people. Like Javanese, it has elaborate speech levels (ngoh, kasar, alus, singgih) reflecting caste and social context, and uses the Balinese script (Aksara Bali) alongside Latin. Sanskrit and Old Javanese loanwords are extensive in religious and literary registers, supporting traditional kakawin poetry, shadow-puppet theatre (wayang), and the temple ceremonies that define Balinese Hindu life.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Balinese
Sources
- ABVD 1 Balinese (Made Denes 2005); Balinese Bible (bible.com 302)
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian)
| Meaning | Balinese | Banjar | Musi | Sundanese | Betawi | North Moluccan Malay | Sasak |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | yeh /jeh/ | banyu /baɲu/ | ayek /ajek/ | cai /tʃai/ | aèr /aɛr/ | aer /aer/ | aiq /aiʔ/ |
| Fire | api /api/ | api /api/ | api /api/ | seuneu /sɯnɯ/ | api /ˈapi/ | api /api/ | api /api/ |
| Sun | matanai /matanai/ | matahari /matahari/ | matahari /matahari/ | panonpoé /panɔnpɔe/ | mataari /mataˈari/ | matahari /matahari/ | jelo /dʒəlo/ |
| Moon | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /ˈbulan/ | bulan /bulan/ | bulan /bulan/ |
| Star | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | béntang /bentaŋ/ | bintang /ˈbintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ |
| Night | peteng /pətəŋ/ | malam /malam/ | malem /maləm/ | peuting /pəutiŋ/ | malem /maləm/ | malam /malam/ | malem /maləm/ |
| Rain | ujan /ˈudʒan/ | hujan /ˈhudʒan/ | ujan /uˈdʒan/ | hujan /ˈhudʒan/ | ujan /uˈdʒan/ | ujang /uˈdʒaŋ/ | ujan /uˈdʒan/ |
| Snow | salju /saldʒu/ | salju /saldʒu/ | — | salju /saldʒu/ | salju /saldʒu/ | salju /saldʒu/ | salju /saldʒu/ |
| Wind | angin /aŋin/ | angin /aŋin/ | angin /aŋin/ | angin /aŋin/ | angin /aŋin/ | angin /aŋin/ | angin /aŋin/ |
| Earth | tanah /tanah/ | tanah /tanah/ | tanah /tanah/ | taneuh /tanəuh/ | tanah /tanah/ | tana /tana/ | tanaq /tanaʔ/ |
| Stone | batu /ˈbatu/ | batu /ˈbatu/ | batu /batu/ | batu /ˈbatu/ | batu /batu/ | batu /batu/ | batu /batu/ |
| Mountain | gunung /ɡunuŋ/ | gunung /ɡunuŋ/ | gunung /ɡunuŋ/ | gunung /ɡunuŋ/ | gunung /ɡunuŋ/ | gunung /ɡunuŋ/ | gunung /ɡunuŋ/ |
| Sea | pasih /pasih/ | laut /laut/ | laot /laot/ | laut /ˈlaut/ | laut /laut/ | lao /lao/ | segare /səɡarə/ |
| Mother | meme /meme/ | uma /uma/ | mak /mak/ | indung /induŋ/ | enyaʼ /əˈɲaʔ/ | mama /mama/ | inaq /inaʔ/ |
| Father | bapa /bapa/ | abah /abah/ | bapak /bapak/ | bapa /bapa/ | babè /baˈbɛ/ | papa /papa/ | amaq /amaʔ/ |
| Daughter | pianak luh /pianak luh/ | anak babinian /anak babinian/ | — | anak awéwé /anak awewe/ | anak perempuan /anak pərəmpuan/ | ana parampuang /ana parampuaŋ/ | anak nine /anak ninə/ |
| I | tiang /tijaŋ/ | aku /aku/ | aku /aku/ | kuring /kuriŋ/ | guè /ɡuˈwɛ/ | kita /kita/ | aku /aku/ |
| You | cai /tʃai/ | ikam /ikam/ | kau /kau/ | manéh /maneh/ | lu /lu/ | ngana /ŋana/ | side /sidə/ |
| We | iraga /iraɡa/ | kita / kami /kita / kami/ | kito / kami /kito / kami/ | urang /uraŋ/ | kite /kite/ | torang /toraŋ/ | ite / kami /itə / kami/ |
| Name | adan /adan/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ | namo /namo/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ | nama /ˈnama/ | nama /nama/ | aran /aran/ |
| Person | anak /anak/ | urang /uraŋ/ | wong /woŋ/ | jalma /dʒalma/ | orang /oraŋ/ | orang /oraŋ/ | dengan /dəŋan/ |
| Head | sirah /sirah/ | kapala /kapala/ | palak /palak/ | sirah /sirah/ | palè /palɛ/ | kapala /kapala/ | otak /otak/ |
| Eye | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mato /mato/ | panon /panɔn/ | mata /ˈmata/ | mata /mata/ | mate /matə/ |
| Ear | kuping /kupiŋ/ | talinga /taˈliŋa/ | telingo /teliŋo/ | ceuli /tʃəuli/ | kuping /kupiŋ/ | talinga /taliŋa/ | kentok /kəntok/ |
| Nose | cunguh /tʃuŋuh/ | hidung /hiduŋ/ | idung /iduŋ/ | irung /iruŋ/ | idung /iduŋ/ | idong /idoŋ/ | irung /iruŋ/ |
| Mouth | bungut /buŋut/ | muntung /muntuŋ/ | mulut /mulut/ | sungut /suŋut/ | mulut /mulut/ | mulu /mulu/ | biwih /biwih/ |
| Tooth | gigi /ɡiɡi/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ | huntu /huntu/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ |
| Tongue | layah /lajah/ | ilat /ilat/ | lidah /lidah/ | létah /leːtah/ | lida /lida/ | lida /lida/ | elaq /əlaʔ/ |
| Hand | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | tangan /taŋan/ | leungeun /lɯŋɯn/ | tangan /ˈtaŋan/ | tangang /taŋaŋ/ | ime /imə/ |
| Foot | cokor /tʃokor/ | batis /batis/ | — | suku /suku/ | kaki /kaki/ | kaki /kaki/ | naé /nae/ |
| Heart | manah /manah/ | ati /ati/ | hati /hati/ | haté /hate/ | ati /ˈati/ | hati /hati/ | ate /ate/ |
| Bone | tulang /tulaŋ/ | tulang /tulaŋ/ | tulang /tulaŋ/ | tulang /tulaŋ/ | tulang /ˈtulaŋ/ | tulang /tulaŋ/ | tolang /tolaŋ/ |
| Blood | getih /ɡətih/ | darah /darah/ | darah /darah/ | getih /ɡətih/ | dare /dare/ | dara /dara/ | daraq /daraʔ/ |
| Poop | tai /tai/ | tahi /tahi/ | taik /taik/ | taiʔ /taiʔ/ | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ |
| Love | tresna /tresna/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | bogoh /bɔɡɔh/ | cinta /ˈtʃinta/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | tresne /trəsnə/ |
| Tree | punyan /puɲan/ | batang /bataŋ/ | kayu /kaju/ | tangkal /taŋkal/ | puʼun /puˈʔun/ | pohong /pohoŋ/ | lolon kayu /lolon kaju/ |
| Dog | cicing /tʃitʃiŋ/ | hadupan /hadupan/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | anjing /ˈandʒiŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | acong /aˈtʃoŋ/ |
| Cat | meong /meoŋ/ | pusa /pusa/ | kucing /kutʃiŋ/ | ucing /utʃiŋ/ | kucing /ˈkutʃiŋ/ | ikung /ikuŋ/ | meong /meoŋ/ |
| Fish | be /be/ | iwak /ˈiwak/ | ikan /ˈikan/ | lauk /ˈlauk/ | ikan /ˈikan/ | ikang /ˈikaŋ/ | empaq /əmpaʔ/ |
| Bird | kedis /kədis/ | burung /buruŋ/ | burung /buruŋ/ | manuk /manʊk/ | burung /buruŋ/ | burung /buruŋ/ | kedit /kədit/ |
| Butterfly | kupu-kupu /kupukupu/ | kupu-kupu /kupukupu/ | — | kukupu /kukupu/ | kupu-kupu /kupukupu/ | — | — |
| Egg | taluh /taluh/ | hintalu /hintalu/ | telok /telok/ | endog /əndɔɡ/ | telor /təlor/ | tolor /tolor/ | teloq /təloʔ/ |
| Bear | beruang /bəruaŋ/ | biruang /biruaŋ/ | — | biruang /biruaŋ/ | biruang /biruaŋ/ | — | beruang /bəruaŋ/ |
| Horse | jaran /dʒaran/ | kuda /kuda/ | — | kuda /kuda/ | kuda /ˈkuda/ | kuda /kuda/ | jaran /dʒaran/ |
| House | umah /umah/ | rumah /rumah/ | rumah /rumah/ | imah /imah/ | rume /ˈrumə/ | ruma /ruma/ | bale /bale/ |
| Milk | susu /susu/ | susu /susu/ | susu /susu/ | susu /susu/ | susu /susu/ | susu /susu/ | susu /susu/ |
| Honey | madu /madu/ | madu /madu/ | — | madu /madu/ | madu /madu/ | madu /madu/ | madu /madu/ |
| Salt | uyah /ujah/ | uyah /ujah/ | garam /ɡaram/ | uyah /ujah/ | garem /ɡarəm/ | garam /ɡaram/ | sie /siə/ |
| Wine | anggur /aŋɡur/ | anggur /aŋɡur/ | — | anggur /aŋɡur/ | anggur /aŋɡur/ | anggur /ˈaŋɡur/ | anggur /aŋɡur/ |
| Rice | baas /baʔas/ | baras /baras/ | beras /bəras/ | béas /beas/ | beras /bəras/ | baras /baˈras/ | beras /bəras/ |
| Chocolate | coklat /tʃoklat/ | suklat /ˈsuklat/ | coklat /tʃoklat/ | cokelat /tʃoˈkəlat/ | — | — | — |
| Iron | besi /bəsi/ | wasi /ˈwasi/ | besi /bəsi/ | beusi /bɯsi/ | besi /bəˈsi/ | besi /besi/ | besi /bəsi/ |
| Wheel | roda /roda/ | roda /roda/ | — | roda /roda/ | roda /roda/ | roda /roda/ | gegiling /ɡəɡiliŋ/ |
| Silk | sutra /sutra/ | sutra /sutra/ | — | sutra /ˈsutra/ | sutra /sutra/ | sutra /sutra/ | sutre /sutrə/ |
| Book | buku /buku/ | buku /buku/ | buku /buku/ | buku /ˈbuku/ | buku /buku/ | buku /buku/ | buku /buku/ |
| Eat | ngajeng /ŋadʒeŋ/ | makan /makan/ | makan /makan/ | dahar /dahar/ | makan /ˈmakan/ | makang /makaŋ/ | mangan /maŋan/ |
| Drink | nginem /ŋinem/ | nginum /ŋinum/ | minum /minum/ | nginum /ŋinum/ | minum /ˈminum/ | minong /minoŋ/ | nginem /ŋinəm/ |
| Sleep | pules /ˈpules/ | guring /ɡuriŋ/ | tido /tido/ | saré /sare/ | tidur /tidur/ | tidor /tidor/ | tindoq /tindoʔ/ |
| One | besik /besik/ | asa /asa/ | siko /siko/ | hiji /hidʒi/ | atu /ˈatu/ | satu /satu/ | sekéq /səkeʔ/ |
| Two | dua /dua/ | dua /dua/ | duo /duo/ | dua /duwa/ | dua /ˈduwa/ | dua /dua/ | due /duə/ |
| Three | telu /təlu/ | talu /talu/ | tigo /tiɡo/ | tilu /tilu/ | tige /tiɡə/ | tiga /tiɡa/ | telu /təlu/ |
| Four | papat /papat/ | ampat /ampat/ | empat /əmpat/ | opat /opat/ | empat /əmpat/ | ampa /ampa/ | empat /əmpat/ |
| Five | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | limo /limo/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | lima /limə/ |
| Hundred | satus /satus/ | saratus /saratus/ | seratus /səratus/ | saratus /saratus/ | seratus /səratus/ | saratus /saratus/ | satus /satus/ |
| Hello | om swastiastu /om swastiastu/ | salam /salam/ | halo /halo/ | sampurasun /sampurasun/ | salamalékum /salamaˈlekum/ | cerang /tʃeraŋ/ | salam /salam/ |
| Thank you | matur suksma /matur suksma/ | tarima kasih /tarima kasih/ | terimo kasih /terimo kasih/ | hatur nuhun /hatur nuhun/ | makasi /maˈkasi/ | tarima kase /tarima kase/ | tampi asih /tampi asih/ |
| Good | becik /betʃik/ | bagus /baɡus/ | bagus /baɡus/ | hadé /hade/ | baèk /baˈɛʔ/ | bae /bae/ | solah /solah/ |
| New | anyar /aɲar/ | hanyar /haɲar/ | anyar /aɲar/ | anyar /aɲar/ | baru /baru/ | baru /baru/ | baru /baru/ |
| Red | barak /barak/ | habang /habaŋ/ | merah /ˈmerah/ | beureum /bərəum/ | mèra /ˈmɛra/ | mera /ˈmera/ | beaq /beaʔ/ |
| White | putih /putih/ | putih /putih/ | putih /putih/ | bodas /bodas/ | puti /puti/ | puti /puti/ | putiq /putiʔ/ |
| Black | selem /sələm/ | hirang /hiraŋ/ | item /itəm/ | hideung /hidəuŋ/ | item /itəm/ | itam /itam/ | bideng /bidəŋ/ |
| Green | gadang /ɡadaŋ/ | hijau /hidʒau/ | ijo /idʒo/ | héjo /ˈhedʒo/ | ijo /ˈidʒo/ | ijo /idʒo/ | ijo /idʒo/ |
| Blue | pelung /pəluŋ/ | biru /biru/ | — | bulao /bulao/ | biru /biru/ | biru /biru/ | biru /biru/ |
| Cuckoo | kedasih /kəˈdasih/ | bubut /ˈbubut/ | — | manuk uncuing /manʊk uɲˈtʃuiŋ/ | — | — | — |
| Woof | kong kong /kɔŋ kɔŋ/ | — | — | gogog /ˈɡɔɡɔɡ/ | — | — | — |
| Computer | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputər/ | komputer /komˈputer/ | komputer /komˈputər/ |
| Sushi | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ | sushi /ˈsuʃi/ |
| Tea | téh /teh/ | teh /teh/ | — | entéh /enteh/ | té /te/ | — | tih /tih/ |
| Coffee | kopi /kopi/ | kupi /kupi/ | — | kopi /kopi/ | kupi /kupi/ | — | kupi /kupi/ |
| Sugar | gula /ɡula/ | gula /ɡula/ | — | gula /ɡula/ | gula /ɡula/ | — | gule /ɡulə/ |
| Orange | juuk /dʒuuk/ | — | — | jeruk /dʒəruk/ | — | — | — |
| Ninety-nine | sangang dasa sia /saŋaŋ dasa sia/ | sambilan puluh sambilan /sambilan puluh sambilan/ | — | salapan puluh salapan /salapan puluh salapan/ | — | sembilan pulu sembilan /sembilan pulu sembilan/ | siwaq pulu siwaq /siwaʔ pulu siwaʔ/ |
| Dopamine | dopamin /dopaˈmin/ | — | — | dopamin /dopaˈmin/ | — | — | — |
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