Qatzijobʼal
Kʼicheʼ
Mayan (Quichean)
Also known as: K'iche', Quiche, Kiche
K'iche' is the largest Mayan language, spoken in the western highlands of Guatemala (Quiché, Sololá, Totonicapán, Quetzaltenango). The K'iche' kingdom dominated the region in the 15th century before the Spanish conquest. The Popol Vuh, the foundational K'iche' creation epic preserved in a 16th-century Latin-script copy, is one of the most important pre-Hispanic literary works of the Americas. K'iche' is recognized as a national language of Guatemala since 2003 and supports active bilingual education programmes.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Kʼicheʼ
chocolate
wifi
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Mayan (Quichean)
| Meaning | Kʼicheʼ | Kaqchikel | Uspanteko | Poqomchi' | Proto-Mayan | Mam | Qʼeqchiʼ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | jaʼ /xaʔ/ | yaʼ /jaʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | haʼ /haʔ/ | *haʔ /haʔ/ | aʼ /aʔ/ | haʼ /haʔ/ |
| Fire | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | qʼaaqʼ /qʼaːqʼ/ | qʼaaq /qʼaːq/ | *qʼaaqʼ /qʼaaqʼ/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | xam /ʃam/ |
| Sun | qʼij /qʼix/ | qʼij /qʼix/ | qʼiij /qʼiːh/ | qʼiij /qʼiːx/ | *qʼiinh /qʼiinh/ | qʼij /qʼih/ | saqʼe /saqʼe/ |
| Moon | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | poh /poh/ | *uːh /uːh/ | xjaw /ʃaw/ | po /po/ |
| Star | chʼumil /tʃʼumil/ | chʼumil /tʃʼumil/ | chʼumil /tʃʼumil/ | chʼumiil /tʃʼumiːl/ | *eʼq /eʼq/ | cheʼw /tʃeʔw/ | chahim /tʃahim/ |
| Night | aqʼabʼ /aqʼaɓ/ | aqʼaʼ /aqʼaʔ/ | laqʼabʼ /laqʼaɓ/ | aqʼabʼ /aqʼaɓ/ | *aqʼabʼ /aqʼaɓ/ | qonikʼen /qonikʼən/ | qʼojyin /qʼoχjin/ |
| Rain | jabʼ /xaɓ/ | jobʼ /xoɓ/ | jabʼ /haɓ/ | jabʼ /xaɓ/ | *nhabʼ /ŋaɓ/ | jbʼal /ʃɓal/ | habʼ /haɓ/ |
| Snow | saq tew /saq tew/ | nieve /ˈnjebe/ | chun tew /tʃun tew/ | miik /miːk/ | — | txa cheʼw /tʃa tʃeʔw/ | xchuʼi keh /ʃtʃuʔi keh/ |
| Wind | iqʼ /iqʼ/ | kaqʼiqʼ /kaqʼiqʼ/ | tew /tew/ | teew /teːw/ | *ʔiʔqʼ /ʔiʔqʼ/ | kyqʼiqʼ /kʲqʼiqʼ/ | iqʼ /iqʼ/ |
| Earth | ulew /ulew/ | ulew /uleːw/ | ulew /uleːw/ | akʼal /akʼal/ | *chʼohchʼ /tʃʼohtʃʼ/ | txʼotxʼ /tʃʼotʃʼ/ | chʼochʼ /tʃʼotʃʼ/ |
| Stone | abʼaj /aɓax/ | abäj /aˈɓəx/ | ábʼaj /ˈáɓax/ | abʼaj /aˈɓax/ | *ʔaʔbʼaj /ʔaʔbʼaj/ | abʼaj /aɓax/ | pek /pek/ |
| Mountain | juyubʼ /xujuɓ/ | juyuʼ /xuˈjuʔ/ | witz /wits/ | yuuqʼ /juːqʼ/ | *witz /wits/ | wutz /wuts/ | tzuul /tsuːl/ |
| Sea | plo /plo/ | palow /palow/ | mar /mar/ | palaw /palaw/ | — | plow /plow/ | palaw /palaw/ |
| Mother | nan /nan/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | nan /nan/ | tuut /tuːt/ | *naʔ /naʔ/ | nan /nan/ | naʼ /naʔ/ |
| Father | tat /tat/ | tataʼ /tataʔ/ | tat /tat/ | ajaaw /axaːw/ | *taat /taat/ | mam /mam/ | yuwaʼ /juwaʔ/ |
| Daughter | miʼal /miʔal/ | meʼal /meʔal/ | rabʼin /raɓin/ | ixqʼuun /iʃqʼuːn/ | — | meʼal /meʔal/ | rabʼin /raɓin/ |
| I | in /in/ | rïn /rɪn/ | in /in/ | hin /hin/ | *in /in/ | aqiin /aˈqiːn/ | laaʼin /laːʔin/ |
| You | at /at/ | rat /rat/ | at /at/ | hat /hat/ | *ʔat /ʔat/ | aya /aˈja/ | laaʼat /laːʔat/ |
| We | uj /ux/ | röj /rʊx/ | oj /ox/ | hoj /hox/ | — /—/ | aqoʼ /aˈqoʔ/ | laaʼo /laːʔo/ |
| Name | bʼiʼ /ɓiʔ/ | bʼiʼ /ɓiʔ/ | bʼii /ɓiː/ | bʼih /ɓih/ | *bʼih /bʼih/ | biʼ /ɓiʔ/ | kʼabʼaʼej /kʼaɓaʔeχ/ |
| Person | winaq /winaq/ | winäq /wiˈnəq/ | kristyan /kristjan/ | kʼachareel /kʼatʃareːl/ | *winaq /winaq/ | xjaal /ʃxaːl/ | poyanam /pojanam/ |
| Head | jolom /xolom/ | jolom /xolom/ | bʼaa /ɓaː/ | nahis /nahis/ | — | wiʼ /wiʔ/ | jolom /χolom/ |
| Eye | bʼaqʼwach /ɓaqʼwatʃ/ | runaqʼ ruwäch /runaqʼ ruwətʃ/ | wach /watʃ/ | naqʼ /naqʼ/ | *Haty /hatʲ/ | witz /wits/ | xnaqʼ ru /ʃnaqʼ ru/ |
| Ear | xikin /ʃikin/ | xikin /ʃikin/ | xikiin /ʃikiːn/ | xikin /ʃikin/ | *xikin /ʃikin/ | xkyin /ʃkʲin/ | xik /ʃik/ |
| Nose | tzaʼm /tsaʔm/ | tzaʼn /tsaʔn/ | tzaʼm /tsaʔm/ | juʼ /xuʔ/ | *nhiiʔ /ŋiːʔ/ | txaʼn /tʃaʔn/ | uʼuj /uʔuχ/ |
| Mouth | chiʼ /tʃiʔ/ | chiʼ /tʃiʔ/ | chiʼ /tʃiʔ/ | chiʼhis /tʃiʔhis/ | *tyiiʔ /tʲiːʔ/ | tziʼ /tsiʔ/ | e /e/ |
| Tooth | ware /waɾe/ | ey /ej/ | e /e/ | ehis /ehis/ | *ʔeeh /ʔeːh/ | eʼ /eʔ/ | ruuch e /ruːtʃ e/ |
| Tongue | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | *aaqʼ /aːqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ |
| Hand | qʼabʼ /qʼaɓ/ | qʼaʼ /qʼaʔ/ | qʼaabʼ /qʼaːɓ/ | qʼabʼ /qʼaɓ/ | *qʼabʼ /qʼabʼ/ | qʼobʼ /qʼoɓ/ | ruqʼ /ruqʼ/ |
| Foot | aqan /aqan/ | aqän /aqən/ | aqan /aqan/ | ooq /oːq/ | *ʔooq /ʔoːq/ | qan /qan/ | oq /oq/ |
| Heart | animaʼ /animaʔ/ | kʼuʼx /kʼuʔʃ/ | kʼuʼx /kʼuʔʃ/ | kʼuxliis /kʼuʃliːs/ | — /—/ | anma /anma/ | chʼoolej /tʃʼoːlej/ |
| Bone | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | bʼaaq /ɓaːq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | *bʼaaq /ɓaːq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ |
| Blood | kikʼ /kikʼ/ | kïkʼ /kɪkʼ/ | kikʼ /kikʼ/ | kikʼ /kikʼ/ | *kikʼ /kikʼ/ | chikʼ /tʃikʼ/ | kikʼ /kikʼ/ |
| Poop | achaq /atʃaq/ | — | — | saaʼ /saːʔ/ | *ta7 /taʔ/ | txaʼ /tʃaʔ/ | kʼot /kʼot/ |
| Love | loqʼoj /loqʼox/ | ajowabʼäl /axowaɓəl/ | lóqʼ /lóqʼ/ | rahaal /rahaːl/ | — /—/ | oqxan /oqʃan/ | rahok /rahok/ |
| Tree | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | cheeʼ /tʃeʔ/ | *teʔ /teʔ/ | tzeʼ /tseʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ |
| Dog | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | *tzʼiʔ /tzʼiʔ/ | txʼyan /tʃʼjan/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ |
| Cat | meʼs /meʔs/ | mes /mes/ | mis /mis/ | mees /meːs/ | — /—/ | wiix /wiːʃ/ | mes /mes/ |
| Fish | kar /kaɾ/ | kar /kar/ | kar /kar/ | kar /kar/ | *kar /kar/ | kyiẍ /kjiʃ/ | kar /kar/ |
| Bird | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | *tzʼikin /tzʼikin/ | chʼit /tʃʼit/ | tzʼik /tsʼik/ |
| Butterfly | pepe /pepe/ | palamax /palamaʃ/ | — | pehpem /pehpem/ | *pehpen /pehpen/ | pakaʼl /pakaʔl/ | peepem /peːpem/ |
| Egg | saqmoʼl /saqmoʔl/ | saqmoloʼ /saqmoloʔ/ | saqmolobʼ /saqmoloɓ/ | miloj /milox/ | — | jos /xos/ | mol /mol/ |
| Bear | oso /oso/ | oso /ˈoso/ | — | oso /ˈoso/ | — | oso /ˈoso/ | oos /oːs/ |
| Horse | kej /kex/ | kej /kex/ | kwaʼy /kwaʔj/ | kaway /kawaj/ | — | chej /tʃex/ | kawaay /kawaːj/ |
| House | ja /xa/ | jay /xaj/ | jaa /haː/ | paat /paːt/ | *nah /nah/ | jaa /haː/ | ochoch /otʃotʃ/ |
| Milk | leche /letʃe/ | leche /ˈletʃe/ | lech /letʃ/ | chʼuuchʼ /tʃʼuːtʃʼ/ | — | taʼl imaj /taʔl imax/ | leech /leːtʃ/ |
| Honey | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | kaabʼ /kaːɓ/ | *kaabʼ /kaːɓ/ | taʼl xiiʼ /taʔl ʃiːʔ/ | xyaʼal kabʼ /ʃjaʔal kaɓ/ |
| Salt | atzʼam /atsʼam/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ | atzʼaam /atsʼaːm/ | *ʔaʔtzʼaam /ʔaʔtsʼaːm/ | atzʼan /atsʼan/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ |
| Wine | vino /ˈbino/ | vino /ˈbino/ | vin /bin/ | vino /ˈbino/ | — | vino /ˈbino/ | bʼiin /ɓiːn/ |
| Rice | arroz /aros/ | arroz /aˈros/ | — | aroos /aroːs/ | — | arros /aros/ | aros /aros/ |
| Chocolate | chocolate | — | — | chikolaat /tʃikolaːt/ | — | — | — |
| Iron | chʼichʼ /tʃʼitʃʼ/ | chʼichʼ /tʃʼitʃʼ/ | chʼiichʼ /tʃʼiːtʃʼ/ | chʼihchʼ /tʃʼihtʃʼ/ | — | kxbʼil /kʃɓil/ | chʼiichʼ /tʃʼiːtʃʼ/ |
| Silk | xela /ʃela/ | seda /ˈseda/ | — | — | — | seda /seda/ | seda /seda/ |
| Book | wuj /wux/ | wuj /wux/ | wuuj /wuːx/ | huuj /huːx/ | — | uʼjbʼil /uʔxɓil/ | hu /hu/ |
| Eat | tijow /tixow/ | waʼin /waʔin/ | waʼ /waʔ/ | wai /wai/ | *waʔ /waʔ/ | waan /waːn/ | waʼak /waʔak/ |
| Drink | ukʼaaj /ukʼaːx/ | kumun /kumun/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | uukʼ /uːkʼ/ | *ʔukʼ /ʔukʼ/ | kʼaan /kʼaːn/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ |
| Sleep | war /waɾ/ | war /war/ | war /war/ | wirik /wirik/ | *war /war/ | ktan /ktan/ | war /war/ |
| One | jun /xun/ | jun /xun/ | jun /hun/ | jinaj /xinax/ | *jun /jun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /χun/ |
| Two | kebʼ /keɓ/ | kaʼiʼ /kaʔiʔ/ | quiibʼ /kiːɓ/ | kiʼibʼ /kiʔiɓ/ | *kaʼ /kaʼ/ | kabʼe /ˈkaɓeʔ/ | wiibʼ /wiːɓ/ |
| Three | oxibʼ /oʃiɓ/ | oxiʼ /oʃiʔ/ | oxibʼ /oʃiɓ/ | ixibʼ /iʃiɓ/ | *ʼoxibʼ /ʔoʃiɓ/ | oxe /oʃe/ | oxibʼ /oʃiɓ/ |
| Four | kajibʼ /kaxiɓ/ | kajiʼ /kaxiʔ/ | kajibʼ /kaxiɓ/ | kijibʼ /kixiɓ/ | *kaŋibʼ /kaŋiɓ/ | kyaje /kjaxe/ | kaahibʼ /kaːhiɓ/ |
| Five | jobʼ /xoɓ/ | woʼoʼ /woʔoʔ/ | joobʼ /hoːɓ/ | hoʼoobʼ /hoʔoːɓ/ | *hoʔ /hoʔ/ | jweʼ /xweʔ/ | oobʼ /oːɓ/ |
| Hundred | jokʼal /xokʼal/ | wokʼal /wokʼal/ | jun cient /hun sjent/ | hoʼkʼahl /hoʔkʼahl/ | — | jokʼal /xokʼal/ | oʼkʼaal /oʔkʼaːl/ |
| Hello | saqarik /saqaɾik/ | utz iwäch /uts iwətʃ/ | saʼbʼal /saʔbal/ | ma chaa /ma tʃaː/ | — /—/ | chjonte tey /tʃhonte tej/ | ma saʼ laachʼool /ma saʔ laːtʃʼoːl/ |
| Thank you | maltyox /maltjoʃ/ | matyox /matjoʃ/ | maltyox /maltjoʃ/ | tioxlaab /tjoʃlaːb/ | — /—/ | chjonte /tʃhonte/ | bantyox /bantjoʃ/ |
| Good | utz /uts/ | ütz /ʊts/ | tzi /tsi/ | holohik /holohik/ | *utz /utz/ | banix /baniʃ/ | us /us/ |
| New | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼakʼaʼ /kʼakʼaʔ/ | akʼ /akʼ/ | akʼ /akʼ/ | *ʔa(a)kʼ /ʔakʼ/ | akʼaj /akʼax/ | akʼ /akʼ/ |
| Red | kaq /kaq/ | käq /kəq/ | kyeq /kjeq/ | kaq /kaq/ | *kaq /kaq/ | kyaq /kjaq/ | kaq /kaq/ |
| White | saq /saq/ | säq /səq/ | saq /saq/ | saq /saq/ | *saq /saq/ | saq /saq/ | saq /saq/ |
| Black | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | *ʔejqʼ /ʔejqʼ/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ |
| Green | rax /raʃ/ | räx /rəʃ/ | rax /raʃ/ | rax /raʃ/ | *raʔx /raʔʃ/ | txaʼx /tʃaʔʃ/ | rax /raʃ/ |
| Blue | xar /ʃaɾ/ | räx /rəʃ/ | xaar /ʃaːr/ | rax /raʃ/ | — | — | rax /raʃ/ |
| Computer | computadora /komputadoɾa/ | computadora /komputaˈdora/ | — | — | — | computadora /komputadora/ | ululchʼiichʼ /ulultʃʼiːtʃʼ/ |
| Wi-Fi | wifi | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Tea | té /te/ | té /te/ | — | — | — | té /te/ | te /te/ |
| Coffee | kape /kape/ | kape /kape/ | — | kapeh /kapeh/ | — | kape /kape/ | kape /kape/ |
| Sugar | asukal /asukal/ | kʼajkabʼ /kʼaxkaɓ/ | — | asuukar /asuːkar/ | — | azúcar /aˈsukar/ | asuukr /asuːkɾ/ |
| Orange | alanxax /alanʃaʃ/ | alanx /alanʃ/ | — | araan /araːn/ | — | lanch /lantʃ/ | chiin /tʃiːn/ |
| Ninety-nine | junmuchʼ bʼelej lajuj /xunmutʃʼ ɓelex laxux/ | — | junmuchʼ bʼelejlajuj /hunmutʃʼ ɓelexlaxux/ | belejlaj roʼkʼahl /belexlax roʔkʼahl/ | — | — | — |
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