Awakateko
Aguacateco
Mayan
Aguacateco (Awakateko, autonymously Awakateko) is a Mayan language of the Mam-Awakateko branch, spoken by ~17,000 people in the Aguacatán municipality of Huehuetenango Department, Guatemala. The Awakateko community survived the 1980s Guatemalan Civil War genocide despite being in an area of intense military activity. Linguistically, Awakateko shares Mam-Awakateko features with Mam (mam) and Ixil (ixl), but with distinctive vocabulary and phonological features. The McArthur & McArthur 1956 phonology and modern Academia revitalization have produced standardized literacy materials.
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Aguacateco
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Mayan
| Meaning | Aguacateco | Mam | Ixil | Uspanteko | Q'anjob'al | Kʼicheʼ | Kaqchikel |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | aʼ /aʔ/ | aʼ /aʔ/ | aʼ /aʔ/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | haʼ /haʔ/ | jaʼ /xaʔ/ | yaʼ /jaʔ/ |
| Fire | qʼaq /qʼaq/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | tzaʼ /tsaʔ/ | qʼaaqʼ /qʼaːqʼ/ | qʼaʼ /qʼaʔ/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ | qʼaqʼ /qʼaqʼ/ |
| Sun | qʼijl /qʼihl/ | qʼij /qʼih/ | qʼii /qʼiː/ | qʼiij /qʼiːh/ | kʼuʼ /kʼuʔ/ | qʼij /qʼix/ | qʼij /qʼix/ |
| Moon | xahaw /ʃahaw/ | xjaw /ʃaw/ | ichʼ /itʃʼ/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | ixaw /iʂaw/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ | ikʼ /ikʼ/ |
| Star | chumeʼl /tʃumeʔl/ | cheʼw /tʃeʔw/ | chumiil /tʃumiːl/ | chʼumil /tʃʼumil/ | txʼumel /ʈʂʼumel/ | chʼumil /tʃʼumil/ | chʼumil /tʃʼumil/ |
| Night | aqʼbʼal /aqʼɓal/ | qonikʼen /qonikʼən/ | aqʼbʼal /aqʼɓal/ | laqʼabʼ /laqʼaɓ/ | aqʼbʼalil /aqʼɓalil/ | aqʼabʼ /aqʼaɓ/ | aqʼaʼ /aqʼaʔ/ |
| Rain | abʼal /aɓal/ | jbʼal /ʃɓal/ | jabʼal /haɓal/ | jabʼ /haɓ/ | nabʼ /naɓ/ | jabʼ /xaɓ/ | jobʼ /xoɓ/ |
| Wind | kyeqʼeqʼ /kjeqʼeqʼ/ | kyqʼiqʼ /kʲqʼiqʼ/ | kajiqʼ /kahiqʼ/ | tew /tew/ | kaqʼeʼ /kaqʼeʔ/ | iqʼ /iqʼ/ | kaqʼiqʼ /kaqʼiqʼ/ |
| Earth | txʼotxʼ /tʃʼotʃʼ/ | txʼotxʼ /tʃʼotʃʼ/ | txʼavaʼ /tʃʼaʋaʔ/ | ulew /uleːw/ | txʼotxʼ /ʈʂʼoʈʂʼ/ | ulew /ulew/ | ulew /uleːw/ |
| Stone | kʼubʼ /kʼuɓ/ | abʼaj /aɓax/ | kʼubʼ /kʼuɓ/ | ábʼaj /ˈáɓax/ | chʼen /tʃʼen/ | abʼaj /aɓax/ | abäj /aˈɓəx/ |
| Mountain | witz /wits/ | wutz /wuts/ | vitz /vits/ | witz /wits/ | witz /wits/ | juyubʼ /xujuɓ/ | juyuʼ /xuˈjuʔ/ |
| Sea | pitzʼpuj aʼ /pitsʼpuh aʔ/ | plow /plow/ | mar /mar/ | mar /mar/ | txutxaʼ /ʈʂuʈʂaʔ/ | plo /plo/ | palow /palow/ |
| Mother | naa /naː/ | nan /nan/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | nan /nan/ | mim /mim/ | nan /nan/ | teʼ /teʔ/ |
| Father | mam /mam/ | mam /mam/ | baʼ /baʔ/ | tat /tat/ | mam /mam/ | tat /tat/ | tataʼ /tataʔ/ |
| Daughter | meʼal /meʔal/ | meʼal /meʔal/ | meʼal /meʔal/ | rabʼin /raɓin/ | kutzʼin /kutsʼin/ | miʼal /miʔal/ | meʼal /meʔal/ |
| I | in /in/ | aqiin /aˈqiːn/ | in /in/ | in /in/ | ayin /ʔajin/ | in /in/ | rïn /rɪn/ |
| You | naʼ /naʔ/ | aya /aˈja/ | axh /aʃ/ | at /at/ | hach /hatʃ/ | at /at/ | rat /rat/ |
| We | oʼ /oʔ/ | aqoʼ /aˈqoʔ/ | oʼ /oʔ/ | oj /ox/ | ayonh /ʔajoŋ/ | uj /ux/ | röj /rʊx/ |
| Name | bʼiʼ /ɓiʔ/ | biʼ /ɓiʔ/ | bʼii /ɓiː/ | bʼii /ɓiː/ | bʼi /ɓi/ | bʼiʼ /ɓiʔ/ | bʼiʼ /ɓiʔ/ |
| Person | wunaq /wunaq/ | xjaal /ʃxaːl/ | uxhchil /uʃtʃil/ | kristyan /kristjan/ | anima /anima/ | winaq /winaq/ | winäq /wiˈnəq/ |
| Head | wiʼaj /wiʔah/ | wiʼ /wiʔ/ | viʼ /viʔ/ | bʼaa /ɓaː/ | jolom /xolom/ | jolom /xolom/ | jolom /xolom/ |
| Eye | witzʼ /witsʼ/ | witz /wits/ | vusal /vusal/ | wach /watʃ/ | sat /sat/ | bʼaqʼwach /ɓaqʼwatʃ/ | runaqʼ ruwäch /runaqʼ ruwətʃ/ |
| Ear | xhchin /ʃtʃin/ | xkyin /ʃkʲin/ | xikin /ʃikin/ | xikiin /ʃikiːn/ | txikin /ʈʂikin/ | xikin /ʃikin/ | xikin /ʃikin/ |
| Nose | juʼ /χuʔ/ | txaʼn /tʃaʔn/ | juʼ /χuʔ/ | tzaʼm /tsaʔm/ | txam /ʈʂam/ | tzaʼm /tsaʔm/ | tzaʼn /tsaʔn/ |
| Mouth | tziʼaj /tsiʔah/ | tziʼ /tsiʔ/ | tziʼ /tsiʔ/ | chiʼ /tʃiʔ/ | tiʼ /tiʔ/ | chiʼ /tʃiʔ/ | chiʼ /tʃiʔ/ |
| Tooth | eʼ /eʔ/ | eʼ /eʔ/ | eh /eh/ | e /e/ | eʼ /eʔ/ | ware /waɾe/ | ey /ej/ |
| Tongue | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ |
| Hand | qʼab /qʼab/ | qʼobʼ /qʼoɓ/ | qʼabʼ /qʼaɓ/ | qʼaabʼ /qʼaːɓ/ | qʼab /qʼab/ | qʼabʼ /qʼaɓ/ | qʼaʼ /qʼaʔ/ |
| Foot | aqan /aqan/ | qan /qan/ | oj /oχ/ | aqan /aqan/ | aqan /aqan/ | aqan /aqan/ | aqän /aqən/ |
| Heart | kʼuum /kʼuːm/ | anma /anma/ | vatzʼ /vatsʼ/ | kʼuʼx /kʼuʔʃ/ | kʼulul /kʼulul/ | animaʼ /animaʔ/ | kʼuʼx /kʼuʔʃ/ |
| Bone | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | bʼaaq /ɓaːq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ |
| Blood | chichʼ /tʃitʃʼ/ | chikʼ /tʃikʼ/ | kaq /kaq/ | kikʼ /kikʼ/ | chikʼ /tʃikʼ/ | kikʼ /kikʼ/ | kïkʼ /kɪkʼ/ |
| Poop | txaʼ /tʃaʔ/ | txaʼ /tʃaʔ/ | txaʼ /tʃaʔ/ | — | tzaʼ /tsaʔ/ | achaq /atʃaq/ | — |
| Love | xajan /ʃahan/ | oqxan /oqʃan/ | kuxhewchʼa /kuʃewtʃʼa/ | lóqʼ /lóqʼ/ | kamkʼulal /kamkʼulal/ | loqʼoj /loqʼox/ | ajowabʼäl /axowaɓəl/ |
| Tree | tzeʼ /tseʔ/ | tzeʼ /tseʔ/ | tze /tse/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ |
| Dog | txʼiʼ /tʃʼiʔ/ | txʼyan /tʃʼjan/ | txʼiʼ /tʃʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | txʼiʼ /ʈʂʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | tzʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ |
| Cat | mis /mis/ | wiix /wiːʃ/ | mees /meːs/ | mis /mis/ | mes /mes/ | meʼs /meʔs/ | mes /mes/ |
| Fish | kay /kaj/ | kyiẍ /kjiʃ/ | chay /tʃaj/ | kar /kar/ | chay /tʃaj/ | kar /kaɾ/ | kar /kar/ |
| Bird | chʼuʼl /tʃʼuʔl/ | chʼit /tʃʼit/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ | tzʼikin /tsʼikin/ |
| Butterfly | slup /slup/ | pakaʼl /pakaʔl/ | naaviʼ /naːviʔ/ | — | tzolol /tsolol/ | pepe /pepe/ | palamax /palamaʃ/ |
| Egg | kʼolobʼ /kʼoloɓ/ | jos /xos/ | kʼolobʼ /kʼoloɓ/ | saqmolobʼ /saqmoloɓ/ | jos /xos/ | saqmoʼl /saqmoʔl/ | saqmoloʼ /saqmoloʔ/ |
| Bear | oso /oso/ | oso /ˈoso/ | oso /oso/ | — | oso /oso/ | oso /oso/ | oso /ˈoso/ |
| Horse | chej /tʃeh/ | chej /tʃex/ | kaay /kaːj/ | kwaʼy /kwaʔj/ | chej /tʃex/ | kej /kex/ | kej /kex/ |
| House | nya /ɲa/ | jaa /haː/ | kabʼal /kaɓal/ | jaa /haː/ | na /na/ | ja /xa/ | jay /xaj/ |
| Milk | lech /letʃ/ | taʼl imaj /taʔl imax/ | chʼuʼ /tʃʼuʔ/ | lech /letʃ/ | — | leche /letʃe/ | leche /ˈletʃe/ |
| Honey | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | taʼl xiiʼ /taʔl ʃiːʔ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | yalkabʼ /jalkaɓ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ |
| Salt | aatzʼum /aːtsʼum/ | atzʼan /atsʼan/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ | atzʼam /atsʼam/ |
| Wine | win /win/ | vino /ˈbino/ | vino /ˈbino/ | vin /bin/ | vino /bino/ | vino /ˈbino/ | vino /ˈbino/ |
| Rice | arros /aros/ | arros /aros/ | arus /arus/ | — | — | arroz /aros/ | arroz /aˈros/ |
| Chocolate | kyikyuj /kjikjuh/ | — | — | — | — | chocolate | — |
| Iron | chʼichʼ /tʃʼitʃʼ/ | kxbʼil /kʃɓil/ | chʼichʼ /tʃʼitʃʼ/ | chʼiichʼ /tʃʼiːtʃʼ/ | — | chʼichʼ /tʃʼitʃʼ/ | chʼichʼ /tʃʼitʃʼ/ |
| Wheel | toloʼ /toloʔ/ | — | — | — | rueda /rweda/ | — | rueda /rweda/ |
| Book | liwr /liwr/ | uʼjbʼil /uʔxɓil/ | uʼuj /uʔuχ/ | wuuj /wuːx/ | un /un/ | wuj /wux/ | wuj /wux/ |
| Eat | wii /wiː/ | waan /waːn/ | tzaʼbʼi /tsaʔɓi/ | waʼ /waʔ/ | lo /lo/ | tijow /tixow/ | waʼin /waʔin/ |
| Drink | uuk /uːk/ | kʼaan /kʼaːn/ | ucha /utʃa/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | uku /uku/ | ukʼaaj /ukʼaːx/ | kumun /kumun/ |
| Sleep | watl /waːtl/ | ktan /ktan/ | wat /wat/ | war /war/ | way /waj/ | war /waɾ/ | war /war/ |
| One | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /hun/ | jun /xun/ | jun /xun/ |
| Two | kaʼwutz /kaʔwuts/ | kabʼe /ˈkaɓeʔ/ | kaʼvaʼl /kaʔʋaʔl/ | quiibʼ /kiːɓ/ | kabʼ /kaɓ/ | kebʼ /keɓ/ | kaʼiʼ /kaʔiʔ/ |
| Three | oxox /oʃoʃ/ | oxe /oʃe/ | oxvaʼl /oʃʋaʔl/ | oxibʼ /oʃiɓ/ | oxebʼ /oʂeɓ/ | oxibʼ /oʃiɓ/ | oxiʼ /oʃiʔ/ |
| Four | kyaj /kjah/ | kyaje /kjaxe/ | kajvaʼl /kahʋaʔl/ | kajibʼ /kaxiɓ/ | kanebʼ /kaneɓ/ | kajibʼ /kaxiɓ/ | kajiʼ /kaxiʔ/ |
| Five | oʼ /oʔ/ | jweʼ /xweʔ/ | oʼvaʼl /oʔʋaʔl/ | joobʼ /hoːɓ/ | oyebʼ /ojeɓ/ | jobʼ /xoɓ/ | woʼoʼ /woʔoʔ/ |
| Hundred | jun cient /hun sjent/ | jokʼal /xokʼal/ | oʼkʼalal /oʔkʼalal/ | jun cient /hun sjent/ | okʼal /okʼal/ | jokʼal /xokʼal/ | wokʼal /wokʼal/ |
| Hello | kʼamta /kʼamta/ | chjonte tey /tʃhonte tej/ | nimaʼla kuxhewchʼa /nimaʔla kuʃewtʃʼa/ | saʼbʼal /saʔbal/ | kawal /kawal/ | saqarik /saqaɾik/ | utz iwäch /uts iwətʃ/ |
| Thank you | tixwajʼ /tiʃwahʼ/ | chjonte /tʃhonte/ | tantixh /tantiʃ/ | maltyox /maltjoʃ/ | yuhwal /juhwal/ | maltyox /maltjoʃ/ | matyox /matjoʃ/ |
| Good | balaj /balah/ | banix /baniʃ/ | utzʼ /utsʼ/ | tzi /tsi/ | watxʼ /waʈʂʼ/ | utz /uts/ | ütz /ʊts/ |
| New | akʼaj /aːkʼah/ | akʼaj /akʼax/ | akʼ /akʼ/ | akʼ /akʼ/ | akʼ /akʼ/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | kʼakʼaʼ /kʼakʼaʔ/ |
| Red | kyaq /kjaq/ | kyaq /kjaq/ | kaq /kaq/ | kyeq /kjeq/ | kaq /kaq/ | kaq /kaq/ | käq /kəq/ |
| White | saq /saq/ | saq /saq/ | saj /saχ/ | saq /saq/ | saq /saq/ | saq /saq/ | säq /səq/ |
| Black | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ |
| Green | txaʼx /tʃaʔʃ/ | txaʼx /tʃaʔʃ/ | chaʼx /tʃaʔʃ/ | rax /raʃ/ | yax /jaʂ/ | rax /raʃ/ | räx /rəʃ/ |
| Blue | xew /ʃew/ | — | — | xaar /ʃaːr/ | yax /jaʂ/ | xar /ʃaɾ/ | räx /rəʃ/ |
| Coffee | kapej /kapeh/ | kape /kape/ | — | — | — | kape /kape/ | kape /kape/ |
| Orange | laranch /larantʃ/ | lanch /lantʃ/ | — | — | china /tʃina/ | alanxax /alanʃaʃ/ | alanx /alanʃ/ |
| Ninety-nine | jun mutxʼ tu belujlaj /hun muʈʂʼ tu beluhlah/ | — | bʼelelaval toʼkʼal /ɓelelaʋal toʔkʼal/ | junmuchʼ bʼelejlajuj /hunmutʃʼ ɓelexlaxux/ | — | junmuchʼ bʼelej lajuj /xunmutʃʼ ɓelex laxux/ | — |
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