Bassa wuɖu
Bassa
Niger-Congo (atlantico-congo, Kru, occidentale, Bassa)
Il bassa (Bassa wuɖu, letteralmente «parlata bassa» nell'autonimo) è la maggiore delle lingue kru occidentali della famiglia niger-congolese ed è la lingua principale della contea di Bassa, sulla costa della Liberia. La scrittura vah — un singolare sistema sillabico-alfabetico autoctono elaborato intorno al 1907 dallo studioso bassa liberiano Thomas Narven Lewis — è impiegata come segno di identità culturale, benché nella scrittura quotidiana prevalga l'alfabeto latino. Il bassa presenta i tratti classici del kru: un sistema di sette vocali, un sistema tonale semplice (alto/medio/basso) e verbi che marcano l'aspetto attraverso variazioni tonali nei suffissi. Lingua principale della costa liberiana in epoca precoloniale, il bassa continua a influenzare l'inglese e il pidgin liberiani grazie ai suoi apporti lessicali.
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in bassa
Fonti
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: Niger-Congo (atlantico-congo, Kru, occidentale, Bassa)
| Significato | Bassa | Mano | Ga | Donno So | Kiowa | Punjabi | Oriya |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | ní /ní/ | yi /ji/ | nu /nu/ | di /di/ | thǫ́ /tʰṍ/ | ਪਾਣੀ /paːɳiː/ | ପାଣି /paːɳi/ |
| Fuoco | nyɛ /ɲɛ/ | tíé /ti˥e˥/ | la /la/ | nyaŋ /ɲaŋ/ | phí: /pʰíː/ | ਅੱਗ /əɡː/ | ନିଆଁ /niãː/ |
| Sole | plɔ /plɔ/ | ɲɛ́nɛ́ /ɲɛ˥nɛ˥/ | hulu /hulu/ | naŋ /naŋ/ | pái /pái/ | ਸੂਰਜ /suːɾədʒ/ | ସୂର୍ଯ୍ୟ /suːɾjɔ/ |
| Luna | hwɔɖɔ /hʷɔɖɔ/ | lɔ /lɔ/ | ŋɔɔŋmɔ /ŋɔɔŋmɔ/ | ugɔ /uɡɔ/ | pʼɔ́: /pʼɔ́ː/ | ਚੰਦ /tʃənd/ | ଚନ୍ଦ୍ର /tʃɔndɾɔ/ |
| Stella | kùɖù /kùɖù/ | sĩ̄ã́ŋēlè /sĩ̄ã́ŋēlè/ | ŋulami /ŋùlámi/ | tolo /tolo/ | tą́: /tã́ː/ | ਤਾਰਾ /taːɾaː/ | ତାରା /taːɾaː/ |
| Notte | ma /mã/ | gbeŋ /ɡbeŋ/ | nyɔŋ /ɲɔŋ/ | diga /diɡa/ | gį́dè:gyà /ɡĩ́dèːɡjà/ | ਰਾਤ /raːt/ | ରାତି /raːti/ |
| Vento | dìì /dìː/ | fã̀ã̀ /fã̀ː/ | kɔɔyɔɔ /kɔːjɔː/ | gɛɛdɛ /ɡɛːdɛ/ | gómgyá /ɡómɡjá/ | ਹਵਾ /ɦəʋaː/ | ପବନ /pɔbɔnɔ/ |
| Terra | ɓóɖó /ɓóɖó/ | sɛ́lɛ́ /sɛ́lɛ́/ | shikpɔŋ /ʃikpɔŋ/ | tay /taj/ | dɔ́m /dɔ́m/ | ਮਿੱਟੀ /mɪʈːiː/ | ମାଟି /maːʈi/ |
| Pietra | sɔ́ɔ́-kpò /sɔ́ːkpò/ | gɛ̀lɛ̀ /ɡɛ̀lɛ̀/ | tɛ /tɛ/ | tibu /tibu/ | — | ਪੱਥਰ /ˈpətːʰəɾ/ | ପଥର /ˈpɔtʰɔɾɔ/ |
| Montagna | toɖo /toɖo/ | tɔ̃̀ũ̀ /tɔ̃̀ũ̀/ | gɔŋ /ɡɔŋ/ | pɛgɛlɛŋ /pɛɡɛlɛŋ/ | kʼóp /kʼóp/ | ਪਹਾੜ /pəˈhaːɽ/ | ପର୍ବତ /pɔrbɔtɔ/ |
| Mare | dyóó /dʒóː/ | mɛ̀ĩ́ /mɛ̀ĩ́/ | ŋshɔ /ŋʃɔ/ | dibe /dibe/ | — | ਸਮੁੰਦਰ /səˈmʊndəɾ/ | ସମୁଦ୍ର /sɔmudɾɔ/ |
| Madre | mãɖe /mãɖe/ | ɲɛ /ɲɛ/ | nyɛ /ɲɛ/ | na /na/ | tsɔ́: /tsɔ́ː/ | ਮਾਂ /mãː/ | ମା /maː/ |
| Padre | ɓa /ɓa/ | de /de/ | tsɛ /tsɛ/ | ba /ba/ | tɔ́l /tɔ́l/ | ਪਿਤਾ /pɪtaː/ | ବାପା /baːpaː/ |
| Figlia | dyú-màà /dʒú màː/ | lú /lú/ | biyoo /bijoː/ | yaana ii /jaːna iː/ | — | ਧੀ /dʱiː/ | ଝିଅ /dʒʱiɔ/ |
| Io | M̀ /m̩/ | mā /ma˧/ | mi /mì/ | mi /mi/ | nɔ́ /nɔ́/ | ਮੈਂ /mɛ̃ː/ | ମୁଁ /mũ/ |
| Tu | Ɓe /ɓe/ | ī /ī/ | bo /bo/ | u /u/ | ám /ám/ | ਤੂੰ /tũː/ | ତୁମେ /tume/ |
| Noi | À /à/ | kō /ko˧/ | wɔ /wɔ̀/ | ɛmmɛ /ɛmːɛ/ | nɔ́ /nɔ́/ | ਅਸੀਂ /əsĩː/ | ଆମେ /ame/ |
| Nome | nyɛ́nɛ́ /ɲɛ́nɛ́/ | tɔ́ /tɔ́/ | gbɛi /ɡbɛ́i/ | boy /bɔj/ | khɔ̨́:gyà /kʰɔ̃́ːɡjà/ | ਨਾਂ /nãː/ | ନାମ /namɔ/ |
| Persona | nyɔ /ɲɔ/ | mī /mi˧/ | gbɔmɔ /ɡbɔmɔ/ | inde /indɛ/ | — | ਵਿਅਕਤੀ /ʋɪəktiː/ | ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି /bjɔkti/ |
| Testa | dú /dú/ | wũ-kèlè /wũkèlè/ | yitso /jitso/ | kuu /kuː/ | — | ਸਿਰ /sɪɾ/ | ମୁଣ୍ଡ /muɳɖɔ/ |
| Occhio | di /di/ | mi /mi/ | hiŋmɛi /hiŋmɛi/ | giru /ɡiru/ | tá:dè /táːdè/ | ਅੱਖ /əkːʰ/ | ଆଖି /aːkʰi/ |
| Orecchio | ɖùǔ /ɖùǔ/ | to /to/ | toi /toi/ | sugulu /suɡulu/ | tʼɔ́:dé /tʼɔ́ːdé/ | ਕੰਨ /kənː/ | କାନ /kaːnɔ/ |
| Naso | máná /máná/ | nyu /ɲu/ | gugɔŋ /ɡuɡɔŋ/ | kinu /kinu/ | mɔ̀:kʼɔ̀n /mɔ̀ːkʼɔ̀n/ | ਨੱਕ /nəkː/ | ନାକ /naːkɔ/ |
| Bocca | wɔ̃ /wɔ̃/ | lé /lé/ | naa /naː/ | kɛnnɛ /kɛnːɛ/ | — | ਮੂੰਹ /mũː/ | ମୁଖ /mukʰɔ/ |
| Dente | nyɛ́nɛ́-ɓò /ɲɛ́nɛ́ɓò/ | sɔ /sɔ/ | nyɛnyoŋ /ɲɛɲoŋ/ | inu /inu/ | zǫ́: /zṍː/ | ਦੰਦ /dənd/ | ଦାନ୍ତ /daːntɔ/ |
| Lingua | mio /mĩo/ | nana /nana/ | lilɛi /lilɛi/ | nɛndɛ /nɛndɛ/ | dén /dén/ | ਜੀਭ /dʒiːbʱ/ | ଜିଭ /dʒibʱɔ/ |
| Mano | kɔ /kɔ/ | kɔ̀ /kɔ˩/ | nine /nine/ | numɔ /numɔ/ | mɔ́n /mɔ́n/ | ਹੱਥ /hətːʰ/ | ହାତ /haːtɔ/ |
| Piede | ɓo /ɓo/ | gà̰ /ɡã˩/ | nane /nane/ | kubɔ /kubɔ/ | ɔ̀nsôi /ɔ̀nsôi/ | ਪੈਰ /pɛːɾ/ | ଗୋଡ଼ /ɡoɽɔ/ |
| Cuore | kẽ /kẽ/ | zò /zo˩/ | tsui /tsui/ | kindɛ /kindɛ/ | thén /tʰén/ | ਦਿਲ /dɪl/ | ହୃଦୟ /hɾudɔjɔ/ |
| Osso | kpa /kpa/ | wɛlɛ /wɛlɛ/ | wu /wu/ | kee /keː/ | thêm /tʰêm/ | ਹੱਡੀ /həɖːiː/ | ହାଡ଼ /haːɽɔ/ |
| Sangue | nyɔmɔ /ɲɔmɔ/ | bai /baí/ | lá /lá/ | ni /ni/ | ôm /ôm/ | ਖੂਨ /xuːn/ | ରକ୍ତ /rɔktɔ/ |
| Amore | wɛ̃ɖaa /wɛ̃ɖaː/ | ŋalo /ŋalo/ | suɔmɔ /suɔmɔ/ | ibɛ /ibɛ/ | — /—/ | ਪਿਆਰ /pɪaːɾ/ | ପ୍ରେମ /pɾemɔ/ |
| Albero | tu /tu/ | yílí /ji˥li˥/ | tso /tso/ | timmɛ /timːɛ/ | á:dɔ̀ /áːdɔ̀/ | ਰੁੱਖ /ɾʊkːʰ/ | ଗଛ /ɡɔtʃʰɔ/ |
| Cane | gbe /ɡbe/ | gbá̰ /ɡbã˥/ | gbei /ɡbei/ | idu /idu/ | tségùn /tséɡùn/ | ਕੁੱਤਾ /kʊtːaː/ | କୁକୁର /kukuɾɔ/ |
| Gatto | blete /blete/ | poso /poso/ | adi /adi/ | gamma /ɡamːa/ | báò: /báòː/ | ਬਿੱਲੀ /bɪlːiː/ | ବିଲେଇ /bilei/ |
| Pesce | zemi /zemi/ | gba /ɡba/ | loo /loː/ | — /—/ | ɔ́:pį́ /ɔ́ːpĩ́/ | ਮੱਛੀ /mətʃʰiː/ | ମାଛ /maːtʃʰɔ/ |
| Uccello | naà /naà/ | mɔ̀ɔ̀ /mɔ̀ː/ | loofɔlɔ /loːfɔlɔ/ | sadaa /sadaː/ | tʼę̀:né /tʼẽ̀ːné/ | ਪੰਛੀ /pəntʃʰiː/ | ପକ୍ଷୀ /pɔkːʰiː/ |
| Uovo | gɛ̃ /ɡɛ̃/ | nyàà /ɲàː/ | wuɔ /wuɔ/ | talu /talu/ | tʼą́y /tʼã́j/ | ਆਂਡਾ /ãːɖaː/ | ଅଣ୍ଡା /ɔɳɖaː/ |
| Cavallo | sǒ /sǒ/ | sòo /sòː/ | okpɔŋɔ /okpɔŋɔ/ | soŋ /soŋ/ | — | ਘੋੜਾ /kòːɽaː/ | ଘୋଡ଼ା /ɡʱoɽaː/ |
| Casa | kõ /kõ/ | kpɛ /kpɛ/ | shia /ʃia/ | ginɛ /ɡinɛ/ | tó: /tóː/ | ਘਰ /kə̀ɾ/ | ଘର /ɡʱɔɾɔ/ |
| Latte | nɛɛ̀-nì /nɛɛ̀nì/ | nyɔ́-yíí /ɲɔ́jíː/ | fufɔ /fufɔ/ | iru /iru/ | — | ਦੁੱਧ /dʊdːʱ/ | ଦୁଧ /dudʱɔ/ |
| Miele | ɖo /ɖo/ | zɔ́ɔ́ nyɔ́nɔ́ /zɔ́ː ɲɔ́nɔ́/ | wo /wo/ | igɛ /iɡɛ/ | — | ਸ਼ਹਿਦ /ʃəɦəd/ | ମହୁ /mɔɦu/ |
| Sale | tɔ̃ /tɔ̃/ | wèĩ /wèĩ/ | ŋo /ŋo/ | neŋ /neŋ/ | — | ਲੂਣ /luːɳ/ | ଲୁଣ /luɳɔ/ |
| Vino | wã́ìn /wã́ìn/ | wã́ã́ĩ̀ /wã́ːĩ̀/ | wain /wain/ | — | — | ਵਾਈਨ /ʋaːiːn/ | ମଦ /mɔdɔ/ |
| Ferro | nɛɛ̀-kpà /nɛɛ̀kpà/ | pɛkulu /pɛkulu/ | dade /dade/ | inɛ /inɛ/ | — | ਲੋਹਾ /loːɦaː/ | ଲୁହା /luɦa/ |
| Ruota | hwii /hwiː/ | — | shwiili /ʃwiːli/ | — | — | ਪਹੀਆ /pəɦiaː/ | ଚକ /tʃɔkɔ/ |
| Seta | sékè /sékè/ | — | seda /seda/ | — | — | ਰੇਸ਼ਮ /ˈreːʃəm/ | ପାଟ /paʈɔ/ |
| Libro | céè-ɖɛ̀ /tʃéèɖɛ̀/ | kii /kiː/ | wolo /wolo/ | — | — | ਕਿਤਾਬ /kɪˈtaːb/ | ବହି /bɔhi/ |
| Mangiare | gbɔ̃a /ɡbɔ̃a/ | mɛ /mɛ/ | yɛ /jɛ/ | nyaa /ɲaː/ | pɔ́ttɔ̀ /pɔ́ttɔ̀/ | ਖਾਣਾ /kʰaːɳaː/ | ଖାଇବା /kʰaːɪbaː/ |
| Bere | ná /ná/ | mi /mi/ | nu /nu/ | nɔ /nɔ/ | thónmɔ̀ /tʰónmɔ̀/ | ਪੀਣਾ /piːɳaː/ | ପିଇବା /piːɪbaː/ |
| Dormire | mɔ́ /mɔ́/ | yī zɛ̄ /ji˧ zɛ˧/ | wɔ /wɔ/ | girii yeyyee /ɡiriː jejːeː/ | — | ਸੌਣਾ /sɔːɳaː/ | ଶୋଇବା /ʃoibaː/ |
| Uno | ɖaa /ɖaː/ | do /do/ | ekome /ekome/ | turu /turu/ | pá: /páː/ | ਇੱਕ /ɪkː/ | ଏକ /ekɔ/ |
| Due | sɔ̃ /sɔ̃/ | plɛ̀ɛ̀ /plɛː˩/ | enyɔ /eɲɔ/ | lɛy /lɛj/ | yí: /jíː/ | ਦੋ /doː/ | ଦୁଇ /dui/ |
| Tre | taa /taː/ | yaaka /jaːka/ | etɛ /etɛ/ | taandu /taːndu/ | phą́:ò /pʰã́ːò/ | ਤਿੰਨ /tɪnː/ | ତିନି /tini/ |
| Quattro | hĩinyɛ /hĩːɲɛ/ | yiisɛ /jiːsɛ/ | ejwɛ /edʒwɛ/ | nay /naj/ | yí:kyá /jíːkjá/ | ਚਾਰ /tʃaːɾ/ | ଚାରି /tʃari/ |
| Cinque | hm̀m̌ /hm̩̀m̩̌/ | sɔ́ɔ́li /sɔ́ːli/ | enumɔ /enumɔ/ | nnɔ /nːɔ/ | ɔ́ntʼɔ̀ /ɔ́ntʼɔ̀/ | ਪੰਜ /pəndʒ/ | ପାଞ୍ଚ /pãːtʃɔ/ |
| Cento | hɔ̃dɛɖɛ /hɔ̃dɛɖɛ/ | wũ /wũ/ | oha /oha/ | tɛmdɛrɛ /tɛmdɛrɛ/ | — | ਸੌ /sɔː/ | ଶହେ /ʃɔɦe/ |
| Ciao | nyɔɔnpe /ɲɔːnpe/ | ye /je/ | ɔ jɔ /ɔ jɔ/ | yaamɔ /jaːmɔ/ | wé: /wéː/ | ਸਤਿ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਅਕਾਲ /sət sɾiː əkaːl/ | ନମସ୍କାର /nɔmɔskaːɾɔ/ |
| Grazie | mɔãĩ /mɔãĩ/ | nyɛŋ /ɲɛŋ/ | oyiwala /ojiwala/ | gaanaa /ɡaːnaː/ | àhô /àhô/ | ਧੰਨਵਾਦ /tə̀nːʋaːd/ | ଧନ୍ୟବାଦ /dʱɔnjɔbaːdɔ/ |
| Buono | nõ /nõ/ | kɛlɛ /kɛlɛ/ | ekpakpa /ekpakpa/ | seeƞ /sẽː/ | tʼá:gyà /tʼáːɡjà/ | ਚੰਗਾ /tʃəŋɡaː/ | ଭଲ /bʱɔlɔ/ |
| Nuovo | ɖìè /ɖìè/ | dɛɛ /dɛː/ | hee /heː/ | kanda /kanda/ | — | ਨਵਾਂ /nəʋãː/ | ନୂଆ /nuːaː/ |
| Rosso | ziza /ziza/ | gbɛlɛ /ɡbɛlɛ/ | tsuru /tsuru/ | banu /banu/ | gúl /ɡúl/ | ਲਾਲ /laːl/ | ନାଲି /naːli/ |
| Bianco | pu /pu/ | púlú /púlú/ | yɛŋ /jɛŋ/ | pilu /pilu/ | — | ਚਿੱਟਾ /tʃɪtːaː/ | ଧଳା /dʱɔɭa/ |
| Nero | kpìǐ /kpìǐ/ | tii /tiː/ | diŋ /diŋ/ | gɛŋ /ɡɛŋ/ | — | ਕਾਲਾ /kaːlaː/ | କଳା /kɔɭaː/ |
| 99 | kpáɖá-nyɔ hĩinyɛ ɓaɖa-bùè sè mɛ̀nɛ̌ìn-hĩinyɛ /kpáɖáɲɔ hĩːɲɛ ɓaɖabùè sè mɛ̀nɛ̌ìnhĩːɲɛ/ | — | nyɔŋmai nɛɛhu kɛ nɛɛhu /ɲɔŋmai nɛːhu kɛ nɛːhu/ | — | — | ਨੜਿੰਨਵੇਂ /nəɽɪnːʋẽː/ | ଅନେଶତ /ɔneʃɔtɔ/ |
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