Occitan

Romance

FamilyRomance Speakers~200K ScriptLatin CountriesFrance (Occitania), Spain (Val d'Aran), Italy (Occitan valleys), Monaco Official inSpain (Val d'Aran — Aranese co-official) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3oci

Occitan (occitan or lenga d’òc) is a Western Romance language continuum traditionally spoken across southern France, the Val d’Aran in Spain, several Alpine valleys in Italy, and Monaco. Major varieties include Languedocien, Provençal, Gascon, Limousin, Auvergnat, and Vivaro-Alpine; Aranese is a Gascon variety. Medieval Old Occitan was the language of an influential troubadour lyric tradition that spread forms of courtly poetry across Europe. In France, centuries of institutional dominance by French weakened intergenerational transmission, and many Occitan varieties are now endangered, although schools, media, literature, and cultural organizations support continued use. Occitan, called Aranese in Aran, is official in Catalonia under its autonomy framework and is used in education and administration in the Val d’Aran.

Where it is spoken

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87 core words in Occitan

Water

aiga

ajɡɔ

Fire

fuòc

fwɔk

Sun

solelh

sulɛʎ

Moon

luna

lynɔ

Star

estèla

esˈtɛlɔ

Night

nuèch

nɥɛtʃ

Rain

pluèja

ˈplɥɛdʒɔ

Snow

nèu

nɛw

Wind

vent

ben

Earth

tèrra

ˈtɛrɔ

Stone

pèira

ˈpɛjɾo

Mountain

montanha

munˈtaɲɔ

Sea

mar

maɾ

Mother

maire

majre

Father

paire

ˈpajɾe

Daughter

filha

ˈfiʎo

I

ieu

jew

You

tu

ty

We

nosautres

nuˈzawtres

Name

nom

num

Person

persona

perˈsunɔ

Head

tèsta

ˈtɛsto

Eye

uèlh

wɛʎ

Ear

aurelha

awˈɾeʎɔ

Nose

nas

nas

Mouth

boca

ˈbukɔ

Tooth

dent

den

Tongue

lenga

ˈleŋɡo

Hand

man

ma

Foot

pè

pɛ

Heart

còr

kɔr

Bone

òs

ɔs

Blood

sang

saŋ

Poop

cacà

kaˈka

Love

amor

amur

Tree

arbre

arbre

Dog

can

ka

Cat

gat

ɡat

Fish

peis

pejs

Bird

aucèl

auˈsɛl

Butterfly

parpalhòl

paɾpaˈʎɔl

Egg

uòu

jɔw

Bear

ors

uɾs

Horse

caval

kaˈβal

House

ostal

ustal

Milk

lach

lats

Honey

mèl

mɛl

Salt

sau

saw

Wine

vin

vi

Rice

ris

ris

Chocolate

chocolat

tʃukuˈla

Iron

fèrre

ˈfɛre

Wheel

ròda

ˈrɔdo

Silk

seda

ˈsedɔ

Book

libre

ˈliβɾe

Eat

manjar

mandʒa

Drink

béure

bewre

Sleep

dormir

durˈmi

One

un

yn

Two

dos

dus

Three

tres

tɾes

Four

quatre

ˈkwatɾe

Five

cinc

siŋ

Hundred

cent

sen

Hello

adieu

adjew

Thank you

mercés

merses

Good

bon

bu

New

nòu

nɔw

Red

roge

ˈrudʒe

White

blanc

blaŋ

Black

negre

ˈneɣɾe

Green

verd

bet

Blue

blau

blaw

Cuckoo

cocut

kuˈkyt

Computer

ordinator

urdinaˈtu

Sushi

sushi

ˈsuʃi

Tea

tè

tɛ

Coffee

cafè

kaˈfɛ

Sugar

sucre

ˈsykɾe

Orange

irange

iˈɾandʒe

Ninety-nine

nonanta-nòu

nuˈnantɔ ˈnɔw

Dopamine

dopamina

dupaˈminɔ

At sign

arròba

aˈrɔβɔ

Sources

Words compared

Compared with languages in the same classification: Romance

Meaning OccitanCatalanValencianRomanshPiedmonteseLombardOld French
Water aiga /ajɡɔ/ aigua /ajɣwə/ aigua /ˈajɣwa/ aua /awa/ eva /ˈɛva/ aqua /ˈaːkwa/ eve /ˈɛːvə/
Fire fuòc /fwɔk/ foc /fɔk/ foc /fɔk/ fieu /fjew/ feu /føː/ fœg /føːk/ feu /fø/
Sun solelh /sulɛʎ/ sol /sɔl/ sol /sɔl/ sulegl /suleʎ/ sol /sul/ sô /soː/ soleil /soˈleʎ/
Moon luna /lynɔ/ lluna /ʎunə/ lluna /ˈʎuna/ glina /ɡlina/ lun-a /ˈlyŋa/ lüna /ˈlyna/ lune /ˈlynə/
Star estèla /esˈtɛlɔ/ estrella /əsˈtɾeʎə/ estrella /esˈtɾeʎa/ staila /ˈʃtai̯la/ stèila /ˈstɛjla/ stella /ˈstɛla/ estoile /esˈtoilə/
Night nuèch /nɥɛtʃ/ nit /nit/ nit /nit/ notg /notʃ/ neuit /nøjt/ nocc /nɔtʃ/ nuit /nɥit/
Rain pluèja /ˈplɥɛdʒɔ/ pluja /ˈpluʒə/ pluja /ˈpluʒa/ plievgia /ˈpliəvdʒa/ pieuva /ˈpjøva/ pioeuva /ˈpjøːva/ pluie /ˈplyjə/
Snow nèu /nɛw/ neu /nɛw/ neu /nɛw/ naiv /naif/ fiòca /ˈfjɔka/ nev /nɛf/ noif /nɔif/
Page 1/11

Word order compared

Compare with major world languages

Occitan
Ieu vòli ensajar un vestit que ai vist dins una botiga en fàcia de l'ostal
I want to try on a suit I saw ‌in a shop across from the hotel
Ich möchte einen Anzug anprobieren den ich in einem Geschäft gegenüber vom Hotel gesehen habe
मैं होटल के सामने एक दुकान में देखा सूट को पहनकर देखना चाहता हूँ
私は ホテルの 向かいの お店 で 見た スーツを 試着 したいです
我 想 试穿 酒店 对面的 商店 里 看到的 那套西装
أنا أريد أن أجرب بدلة رأيتها في محل مقابل الفندق
Я хочу примерить костюм который я увидел в магазине напротив отеля

Compare with languages in the same classification

Yo quiero probame un traje que vi en una tienda frente ar hotel
Eu quero experimentar um terno que vi numa loja em frente ao hotel
Jo vull provar-me un vestit que vaig veure en una botiga davant de l'hotel
Yo quiero probarme un terno que vi en una tienda frente al hotel
Occitan
Ieu vòli ensajar un vestit que ai vist dins una botiga en fàcia de l'ostal

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