Kwak'wala
wakash (settentrionale)
Il kwakʼwala (kwakiutl) è la principale lingua wakash settentrionale dei Kwakwakaʼwakw della costa centrale della Columbia Britannica. Il suo inventario consonantico è estremamente complesso, comprendente eiettive (k', t'), uvulari, affricate laterali ecc. I suoi parlanti sono celebri per le sontuose cerimonie potlatch.
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in kwak'wala
Fonti
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: wakash (settentrionale)
| Significato | Kwak'wala | Squamish | Tigré | Madurese | Thompson | Jaqaru | Aguacateco |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | ʼwap /ʔwap/ | stáḵw /staqʷ/ | ማይ /maj/ | aèng /aɛŋ/ | qʷúʔ /qʷuʔ/ | uma /uma/ | aʼ /aʔ/ |
| Fuoco | la̱ḵ̕wa̱s /ləqʼʷəs/ | sḵwiḵw /sqʷiqʷ/ | እሳት /ʔəssat/ | apoy /apɔj/ | ʕʷyə́p /ʕʷjəp/ | nina /nina/ | qʼaq /qʼaq/ |
| Sole | ƛʼisa̱la /tɬʼisəla/ | snéḵwem /sneqʷəm/ | ጸሓይ /tsʼəħaj/ | are /are/ | sk̓ʷák̓ʷest /skʼʷakʼʷest/ | inti /inti/ | qʼijl /qʼihl/ |
| Luna | ʼma̱kwa̱la /ʔməkʷəla/ | lh7álha /ɬʔaɬa/ | ወርሕ /warəħ/ | bulan /bulan/ | máʕxetn /maʕxetn/ | paxshi /paχʃi/ | xahaw /ʃahaw/ |
| Stella | t̓ut̓u /tʼutʼu/ | kwekwtsi7 /kʷəkʷtsiʔ/ | ኮከብ /kokəb/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | nkʷəkʷúsn̓ /nkʷəkʷusnˀ/ | waraxa /waɾaχa/ | chumeʼl /tʃumeʔl/ |
| Notte | g̱anutł /ɢanutɬ/ | nat /nat/ | ላሊ /lali/ | malem /maləm/ | sitist /sitist/ | aruma /aruma/ | aqʼbʼal /aqʼɓal/ |
| Pioggia | ʼyugwa /ʔjuɡʷa/ | — | ዝለም /zaləm/ | ojhân /ɔdʒʱɤn/ | stékɬ /stekɬ/ | jallu /haʎu/ | abʼal /aɓal/ |
| Neve | neʼ /neʔ/ | máḵa7 /maqaʔ/ | ዕጥብ በረድ /ʕətʼəb barad/ | salju /saldʒu/ | swúxwt /swuxʷt/ | khunu /kʰunu/ | — |
| Vento | yola /jola/ | — | ወልወል /walwal/ | angèn /aŋɛn/ | snéw̓t /snewˀt/ | wawya /wawja/ | kyeqʼeqʼ /kjeqʼeqʼ/ |
| Terra | a̱wiʼnak̕wa̱s /ʔəwiʔnakʷʼəs/ | temíxw /təmixʷ/ | ምድር /mɨdɨr/ | tana /tana/ | tmíxw /tmixʷ/ | — | txʼotxʼ /tʃʼotʃʼ/ |
| Pietra | tʼisa̱m /tʼisəm/ | smant /smant/ | እብን /ʔɨbɨn/ | bato /ˈbatɔ/ | sxén̓x /sxenˀx/ | qala /qala/ | kʼubʼ /kʼuɓ/ |
| Montagna | na̱ge /nəɡe/ | smánit /smanit/ | ደብር /dabar/ | ghunong /ɡʱunɔŋ/ | sqʷə́m /sqʷəm/ | qaaqa /qaːqa/ | witz /wits/ |
| Madre | a̱ba̱mp /əbəmp/ | chésha7 /tʃeʃaʔ/ | እም /ʔəm/ | embuʼ /əmbuʔ/ | skíxzeʔ /skixzeʔ/ | mama /mama/ | naa /naː/ |
| Padre | ump /ʔump/ | smas /smas/ | አብ /ʔab/ | eppaʼ /əppaʔ/ | sqáczeʔ /sqatszeʔ/ | awki /awki/ | mam /mam/ |
| Figlia | ga̱nana̱mg̱as /ɡənanəmɡas/ | — | ወለት /wələt/ | anaʼ bineʼ /anaʔ binɛʔ/ | — | — | meʼal /meʔal/ |
| Io | nugwaʼam /nuɡʷaʔam/ | en /ʔən/ | አነ /ʔana/ | sengkoʼ /səŋkoʔ/ | encwe /ʔəntʃwe/ | na /na/ | in /in/ |
| Tu | suʼ /suʔ/ | chexw /tʃəxʷ/ | አንታ /ʔɨnta/ | baʼna /baʔna/ | enwi /ʔənwi/ | juma /huma/ | naʼ /naʔ/ |
| Noi | nugwaʼnts / nugwaʼnuʼxw /nuɡʷaʔnts / nuɡʷaʔnuʔxʷ/ | numalh /numaɬ/ | ሕና /ħəna/ | ban baʼna kabbi / sengkoʼ kabbi /ban baʔna kabbi / səŋkoʔ kabbi/ | nemimlh /nəmimɬ/ | jiwsa /hiwsa/ | oʼ /oʔ/ |
| Nome | dłig̱a̱m /dɮiɢəm/ | sna /sna/ | ስም /sɨm/ | nyama /ɲama/ | skʷést /skʷest/ | shutyi /ʃuci/ | bʼiʼ /ɓiʔ/ |
| Testa | xumʼs /xumʔs/ | — | ረኣስ /raʔas/ | cèthak /tʃɛʈʰaʔ/ | — | nampʼa /nampʼa/ | wiʼaj /wiʔah/ |
| Occhio | g̱a̱ʼyag̱a̱s /ɢəʔjaɢəs/ | ḵlum̓ /qlumʔ/ | ዐይን /ʕajn/ | mata /mata/ | nk̓ʷətƛ̓ustn /nkʼʷətɬʼustn/ | nayra /najɾa/ | witzʼ /witsʼ/ |
| Orecchio | pʼa̱spʼa̱ʼyu /pʼəspʼəʔju/ | — | እዝን /ʔəzən/ | kopèng /kɔpɛŋ/ | ƛ̓én̓i /tɬʼenˀi/ | jinchu /hintʃu/ | xhchin /ʃtʃin/ |
| Naso | xa̱ndzas /xəndzas/ | — | አንፍ /ʔanf/ | elong /ɛloŋ/ | sp̓saq̓s /spʼsaqʼs/ | nasa /nasa/ | juʼ /χuʔ/ |
| Bocca | sa̱ms /səms/ | — | አፍ /ʔaf/ | coloʼ /tʃɔlɔʔ/ | spléwcin /splewtsin/ | — | tziʼaj /tsiʔah/ |
| Dente | gigi /ɡiɡi/ | yenis /jənis/ | ንብ /nɨb/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ | xyexw /χjeχʷ/ | shimi /ʃimi/ | eʼ /eʔ/ |
| Lingua | k̓a̱la̱m /kʼələm/ | alhthal /aɬθaɬ/ | ልሳን /lisaːn/ | jhila /dʒʱila/ | teleʼ /təɬeʔ/ | naxra /naχra/ | aqʼ /aqʼ/ |
| Mano | aʼyaʼsu /aʔjaʔsu/ | chálash /tʃalaʃ/ | እዴ /ʔəde/ | tanang /tanaŋ/ | kéyx /kejx/ | ampara /ampaɾa/ | qʼab /qʼab/ |
| Piede | gugwa̱ʼyu /ɡuɡʷəʔju/ | — | እግር /ʔəɡər/ | soko /sɔkɔ/ | sqwaxt /sqʷaxt/ | kayu /kaju/ | aqan /aqan/ |
| Cuore | noḵeʼ /nɔqeʔ/ | stúlich /stulitʃ/ | ልብ /ləbb/ | ate /atɛ/ | sxʷákʷukʷ /sxʷakʷukʷ/ | kurasunha /kuɾasunha/ | kʼuum /kʼuːm/ |
| Osso | x̱aḵ /χaq/ | shaw7 /ʃawʔ/ | ዓጽም /ʕatsʼəm/ | tolang /tolaŋ/ | qʼwəqʼwul /qʼʷəqʼʷuʎ/ | tsʼaaka /tsʼaːka/ | bʼaq /ɓaq/ |
| Sangue | a̱lkwa /əlkʷa/ | sthathin /sθaθin/ | ደም /dam/ | dhara /ɖʱara/ | peteleʼ /pətəleʔ/ | wila /wila/ | chichʼ /tʃitʃʼ/ |
| Amore | ʼya̱x̱is /ʔjəχis/ | néxwsa /nexʷsa/ | ፍቲ /fətti/ | tresna /trɛsna/ | xámeʔs /χameʔs/ | munasiña /munasiɲa/ | xajan /ʃahan/ |
| Albero | ḵ̕wax̱ /qʼʷaχ/ | stsékʼas /stsekʼas/ | ዕጨይ /ʕətʃʼaj/ | kaju /kaju/ | sɣép /sɣep/ | arbuli /aɾbuli/ | tzeʼ /tseʔ/ |
| Cane | ʼwat̕si /ʔwatsʼi/ | sḵwemáy̓ /sqʷəmajʔ/ | ከልብ /kalb/ | pateʼ /patɛʔ/ | sqáxa /sqaχa/ | hallqʼu /haʎqʼu/ | txʼiʼ /tʃʼiʔ/ |
| Gatto | busi /busi/ | pus /pus/ | ድሙ /dəmmu/ | koceng /kɔtʃɛŋ/ | púsh /puʃ/ | phishi /pʰiʃi/ | mis /mis/ |
| Pesce | mē /meː/ | stsʼúḵwi7 /stsʼuqʷiʔ/ | ዓሳ /ʕasa/ | jukoʼ /dʒukoʔ/ | sqyetn /sqjetn̩/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | kay /kaj/ |
| Uccello | pʼipʼaƛʼumas /pʼipʼatɬʼumas/ | — | ሰሬረት /sareːrat/ | manoʼ /manoʔ/ | spz̓úz̓uʔ /spzˀuzˀuʔ/ | chʼipi /tʃʼipi/ | chʼuʼl /tʃʼuʔl/ |
| Farfalla | ha̱mumu /həmumu/ | — | — | ghâpper /ɡʱɤppər/ | nkíkax̣n̓i /nkikaχnˀi/ | — | slup /slup/ |
| Uovo | tsʼigwa̱nu /tsʼiɡʷənu/ | — | — | tellor /tɛlːor/ | heʔúšeʔ /heʔuʃeʔ/ | nuru /nuɾu/ | kʼolobʼ /kʼoloɓ/ |
| Cavallo | guʼdan /ɡuʔdan/ | — | ፈረስ /faras/ | jhârân /dʒʱɤrɤn/ | k̓əɬc̓esqáx̣aʔ /kʼəɬtsʼesqaχaʔ/ | — | chej /tʃeh/ |
| Casa | g̱ukw /ɡukʷ/ | lámʼ /lamʔ/ | ቤት /beːt/ | bengko /bəŋkɔ/ | citxw /tsitxʷ/ | uta /uta/ | nya /ɲa/ |
| Latte | ma̱lk /məlk/ | — | ሐሊብ /ħaliːb/ | susu /susu/ | míl̓k /milˀk/ | — | lech /letʃ/ |
| Sale | da̱msxi /dəmsxi/ | tlʼálhem /tɬʼaɬəm/ | ጨው /tʃʼəw/ | buja /budʒa/ | c̓ált /tsʼalt/ | katyi /kaci/ | aatzʼum /aːtsʼum/ |
| Riso | les /les/ | — | ሩዝ /ruz/ | bherrâs /bʱərrɤs/ | — | — | arros /aros/ |
| Ferro | dza̱xʼa̱n /dzəxʔən/ | — | ሓጺን /ħatsʼin/ | bessè /bəsːɛ/ | ʔík̓mn /ʔikʼmn/ | — | chʼichʼ /tʃʼitʃʼ/ |
| Ruota | ka̱lxsidzeʼ /kəlxsidzeʔ/ | — | ዕንክሎሎ /ʕənkəlolo/ | rodha /ˈrɔɖʱa/ | — | — | toloʼ /toloʔ/ |
| Libro | bukw /bukʷ/ | — | ክታብ /kɨtab/ | buku /buku/ | spáqʷ /spaqʷ/ | — | liwr /liwr/ |
| Mangiare | ha̱ʼma̱p /həʔməp/ | i7iyím /iʔijim/ | በልዐ /balʕa/ | ngakan /ŋakan/ | ʔíqs /ʔiqs/ | paluña /paluɲa/ | wii /wiː/ |
| Bere | naḵa /naqa/ | qʼemél7chen /qʼemʔeɬtʃen/ | ሰትየ /satja/ | ngenom /ŋənɔm/ | ʔúqʷeʔ /ʔuqʷeʔ/ | umaña /umaɲa/ | uuk /uːk/ |
| Dormire | mix̱a̱la /miχəla/ | — | ደቀሰ /daqasa/ | tedhung /təɖʱuŋ/ | ʕʷóy̓t /ʕʷojˀt/ | ikiña /iˈkiɲa/ | watl /waːtl/ |
| Uno | ʼna̱m /ʔnəm/ | nchʼa7 /ntʃʼaʔ/ | ዎሮት /worot/ | settong /səttɔŋ/ | péyeʔ /pejeʔ/ | maya /maja/ | jun /hun/ |
| Due | maʼł /maʔɬ/ | án7us /ˈʔanʔus/ | ክልኦት /kɨlʔot/ | dhuwaʼ /ɖuwaʔ/ | séye /seje/ | paxa /paχa/ | kaʼwutz /kaʔwuts/ |
| Tre | yudux /judux/ | chánat /tʃanat/ | ሰለስ /salas/ | telloʼ /təlːoʔ/ | keʔɬés /keʔɬes/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | oxox /oʃoʃ/ |
| Quattro | mu /mu/ | x̱a7útsen /χaʔutsən/ | አርበዕ /ʔarbaʕ/ | empaʼ /əmpaʔ/ | mús /mus/ | pushi /puʃi/ | kyaj /kjah/ |
| Cinque | sa̱kʼa /səkʼa/ | tsíyichis /tsijitʃis/ | ሐምስ /ħaməs/ | lemaʼ /ləmaʔ/ | cíykst /tsijkst/ | pichqa /pitʃqa/ | oʼ /oʔ/ |
| Cento | lakʼa̱nd /lakʼənd/ | — | ምእት /mɨʔɨt/ | saratos /saratos/ | x̣əcpq̓íqn̓kst /χətspqʼiqnˀkst/ | pachak /patʃak/ | jun cient /hun sjent/ |
| Ciao | yo /jo/ | chen kwenmántumi /tʃen kʷenmantumi/ | ሰላም /salaːm/ | salam /salam/ | weytk /wejtk/ | kamishti /kamiʃti/ | kʼamta /kʼamta/ |
| Grazie | g̱ilakasʼla /ɢilakasʔla/ | huy chexw a /huj tʃexʷ a/ | የቀንየለይ /jəqanjəlej/ | tarèma kasè /tarɛma kasɛ/ | kʷukʷscémxʷ /kʷukʷstsemxʷ/ | yuspaa /juspaː/ | tixwajʼ /tiʃwahʼ/ |
| Buono | ek /ek/ | éy /ej/ | ጽቡቕ /tsʼəbbuqʼ/ | bagus /baɡus/ | y̓é /jˀe/ | shuma /ʃuma/ | balaj /balah/ |
| Nuovo | alumas /alumas/ | — | ሐዲስ /ħaddis/ | anyar /aɲar/ | cíyci /tsijtsi/ | machaqa /matʃaqa/ | akʼaj /aːkʼah/ |
| Rosso | ƛ̕aq̓wa /tɬʼaqʼʷa/ | kʷəlqʷ /kʷəlqʷ/ | ቀይሕ /qajːəħ/ | mera /mɛra/ | cíqʷ /tsiqʷ/ | chukapa /tʃukapa/ | kyaq /kjaq/ |
| Bianco | ʼma̱la /mˀəla/ | pʼeḵʼ /pʼəqʼ/ | ጸዓዳ /tsʼaʕada/ | pote /potɛ/ | píq /piq/ | janqʼu /hanqʼu/ | saq /saq/ |
| Nero | tsʼuła /tsʼuɬa/ | ḵʼex̱ ḵʼíx̱ /qʼəχ qʼiχ/ | ጸሊም /tsʼɐlim/ | celleng /tʃəllɛŋ/ | hestə́ptəpt /hestəptəpt/ | tsʼirara /tsʼiɾaɾa/ | qʼeq /qʼeq/ |
| Verde | ła̱nx̱a /ɬənχa/ | tlʼestlʼís /tɬʼəstɬʼis/ | ሰዐርሰዕሮ /saʕarsaʕəro/ | bhiru /bʱiru/ | — | — | txaʼx /tʃaʔʃ/ |
| Blu | dzasa /dzasa/ | skwáyel /skʷajəl/ | — | bhiru /bʱiru/ | ʔesqʷəzqʷəzt /ʔesqʷəzqʷəzt/ | — | xew /ʃew/ |
| Tè | di /di/ | ti7 /tiʔ/ | ሻሂ /ʃahi/ | tèh /tɛh/ | — | — | — |
| Caffè | gobi /ɡobi/ | kapí /kapi/ | ቡን /bun/ | kopi /kɔpi/ | kápi /kapi/ | — | kapej /kapeh/ |
| Zucchero | sugwa /suɡʷa/ | — | ስከር /sɨkkar/ | ghulâ /ɡʱulɐ/ | — | — | — |
| Arancia | aya̱ndzis /ajəndzis/ | — | — | — | — | — | laranch /larantʃ/ |
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