Mlabri
Austroasiatica (Khmuic)
Il mlabri (yumbri) è la lingua dei "Phi Tong Luang" (spiriti delle foglie gialle), l’ultimo popolo cacciatore-raccoglitore del Sud-est asiatico. Con circa 400 parlanti, sia la lingua sia la popolazione sono fortemente in pericolo.
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in mlabri
Fonti
- Peiros, I. (2004) Genetic classification of Austro-Asiatic languages (PhD, RGGU), lexibank/peirosaustroasiatic, Mlabri. The row copies it byte for byte in ni lɛk, bɛʔ, gɛp, mla, glə, ket, mɔh, səm bɛp, mhaŋ, ʔat, khaj, hmɛʔ, lɛŋ, pha dam, bɨn liŋ, rət lat. Checked with ASJP MLABRI and Rischel (1995) Minor Mlabri (SEAlang MKCD Ris1995)
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: Austroasiatica (Khmuic)
| Significato | Mlabri | Khmu | Proto-austroasiatico | Wa | Lingua wa parauk | Kuay | Mon antico |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | wək /wək/ | ʔom /ʔom/ | *ɗaːk /ɗaːk/ | rawm /rɔm/ | rom /rɔm/ | diaʔ /diaʔ/ | ဍာက် /ɗaik/ |
| Fuoco | ʔulh /ʔulh/ | pʰrɨə /pʰrɨə/ | *ʔuːs /ʔuːs/ | ngu /ŋu/ | ngū /ŋṳ/ | uh /ʔuh/ | ပ်ၟ /pmaʔ/ |
| Sole | ʔak ʒoŋ /ʔak ʒoŋ/ | mat briʔ /mat briʔ/ | *tŋiːʔ /tŋiːʔ/ | singaix /siŋaiʔ/ | si ngāix /siŋa̤iʔ/ | tʰaj /tʰaj/ | တ္ၚဲ /tŋai/ |
| Luna | kiʔ /kiʔ/ | moŋ /moŋ/ | *khe(ː)ʔ /kheːʔ/ | khix /kʰiʔ/ | kix /kʰiʔ/ | luəŋ /luəŋ/ | ဂျိုၚ် /klɔŋ/ |
| Stella | sam mon /sam mon/ | sərmeɲ /sərmeɲ/ | *smʔaɲ /smʔaɲ/ | simuing /simʔuɲ/ | sim uing /sim ʔuɲ/ | ntar /ntaːr/ | ကၟာဲ /həmoa/ |
| Notte | ni lɛk /ni lɛk/ | psɨəm /psɨəm/ | *cəːm /cəːm/ | ponsawm /ponsɔm/ | som /sɔm/ | sadaw /sədaw/ | ဗိရ္တံ /birtam/ |
| Pioggia | mɛʔ /mɛʔ/ | kəmaʔ /kəmaʔ/ | *gmaʔ /ɡmaʔ/ | lhiex /l̥ɛʔ/ | hliex /lʰɛʔ/ | məmia /məmia/ | ဗြဲ /brɔj/ |
| Vento | ra mɨt /ra mɨt/ | hndrəːj /hndrəːj/ | *kjɔʔ /kjɔʔ/ | bhaung /bʰaɯŋ/ | npaeng /bʰaɯŋ/ | — | ကျာ /kjal/ |
| Terra | bɛʔ /bɛʔ/ | pteʔ /pteʔ/ | *tiʔ /tiʔ/ | tiex /tɛʔ/ | diex /tɛʔ/ | ktɛːʔ /ktɛːʔ/ | တိ /tiʔ/ |
| Pietra | gɛp /ɡɛp/ | glaŋ /ɡlaŋ/ | *tmɔʔ /tmɔʔ/ | simaox /simauʔ/ | si māox /sima̤uʔ/ | tamaw /təmaw/ | တၟံ /tmɔʔ/ |
| Montagna | ʒa bo /ʒa bo/ | mok /mok/ | *bruʔ /bruʔ/ | gawng /ɡɔŋ/ | mgōng /ɡɔ̤ŋ/ | bru /bru/ | — |
| Mare | tha le /tʰa le/ | — | — | rawm sigrit sigra /rɔm siɡrit siɡra/ | rom si mgrid si mgra /rɔm siɡrit siɡra/ | thle̤ː /tʰleː/ | — |
| Madre | mɤʔ /mɤʔ/ | maʔ /maʔ/ | *maʔ /maʔ/ | miex /mɛʔ/ | mīex /mɛ̤ʔ/ | mə /mə/ | မိ /mi/ |
| Padre | mɤm /mɤm/ | joŋ /joŋ/ | *ɓa(ː)ʔ /ɓaːʔ/ | keeing /kɯɲ/ | geeing /kɯɲ/ | pə /pə/ | ဖ /pʰɛʔ/ |
| Figlia | ʔɛɛw məɲiŋ /ʔɛːw məɲiŋ/ | — | — | kawn bun /kɔn bun/ | gon nbun /kɔn bun/ | — | — |
| Io | ʔo /ʔo/ | oʔ /ʔoʔ/ | *ʔaɲ /ʔaɲ/ | aux /ʔaɯʔ/ | aex /ʔaɯʔ/ | aɲ /ʔaɲ/ | အဲ /ʔua/ |
| Tu | mɛ /mɛ/ | meʔ /meʔ/ | *miːʔ /miːʔ/ | maix /maiʔ/ | maix /maiʔ/ | may /maj/ | ဗှ်ေ /peh/ |
| Noi | ʔa thəŋ /ʔa tʰəŋ/ | iʔ /ʔiʔ/ | *hiːʔ /hiːʔ/ | ix /ʔiʔ/ | eix / ix /ʔeʔ / ʔiʔ/ | hmai /m̥aj/ | ပိုဲ /poj/ |
| Nome | bɨr ʔi /bɨr ʔi/ | sŋməh /sŋməh/ | *ɟmuh /ɟmuh/ | ceu kaux /tɕɤ kaɯʔ/ | jē gaex /tɕɤ̤ kaɯʔ/ | mah /məh/ | ယု /jəmu/ |
| Persona | mla /mla/ | gon /ɡon/ | *m-raʔ /mraʔ/ | pui /pui/ | būi /pṳi/ | kuj /kuj/ | ညး /mɲah/ |
| Testa | glə /ɡlə/ | kəmpoŋ /kəmpoŋ/ | *ɓoːkʔ /ɓoːkʔ/ | kaing: /kaɲ/ | gaing /kaɲ/ | plɑː /plɑː/ | — |
| Occhio | mat /mat/ | mat /mat/ | *mat /mat/ | ngai /ŋai/ | ngai /ŋai/ | mɜ̤t /mɜt/ | မတ် /mɔt/ |
| Orecchio | ket /ket/ | rəməj /rəməj/ | *Ctoːr /Ctoːr/ | yhaok /j̊auk/ | hyaog /ʑʰauk/ | katɔr /kətɔr/ | က္တောဝ် /ktor/ |
| Naso | mɔh /mɔh/ | muh /muh/ | *muh /muh/ | meeih /mɯih/ | mēeih /mɯ̤ih/ | muh /muh/ | မိုဟ် /mɯh/ |
| Bocca | səm bɛp /səm bɛp/ | tənɔh /tənɔh/ | *miəŋʔ /miəŋʔ/ | jheeh /dʑʰɯih/ | nqeeih /dʑʰɯih/ | nɔh /nɔh/ | ပါၚ် /paiŋ/ |
| Dente | ʒən /ʒən/ | hraŋ /hraŋ/ | *lmVɲ /lməɲ/ | rhang /r̥aŋ/ | hrang /rʰaŋ/ | kaneːŋ /kəneːŋ/ | ငေက် /ŋiak/ |
| Lingua | rɨt lat /rɨt lat/ | həntak /həntak/ | *lntaːk /lntaːk/ | dak /dak/ | ndag /dak/ | ntaʔ /ntaʔ/ | ကတာက် /kətaik/ |
| Mano | tiʔ /tiʔ/ | tiʔ /tiʔ/ | *tiːʔ /tiːʔ/ | taix /taiʔ/ | daix /taiʔ/ | təy /təj/ | တၟုိ /toi/ |
| Piede | ʒəŋ /ʒəŋ/ | krwɛh /krwɛh/ | *ɟəːŋ /ɟəːŋ/ | caong /tʃaɔŋ/ | jāong /tɕa̤uŋ/ | ɟɯːŋ /ɟɯːŋ/ | ဇုၚ် /ɟɯŋ/ |
| Cuore | kluʔ klol /kluʔ klol/ | tlɔːm ŋok /tlɔːm ŋok/ | *nuːɕ /nuːɕ/ | rhawm /r̥ɔm/ | hrom /rʰɔm/ | chlaj /tʃʰlaj/ | စိုတ် /cət/ |
| Osso | ca ʔɛŋ /ca ʔɛŋ/ | cʼaaŋ /tʃʔaːŋ/ | *cʔaːŋ /cʔaːŋ/ | si-ang /siʔaŋ/ | si ang /siʔaŋ/ | hŋaːŋ /ŋ̊aːŋ/ | ဇုတ် /ɟut/ |
| Sangue | mhang /mhaŋ/ | maːm /maːm/ | *mham /mham/ | nham /n̥am/ | hnam /nʰam/ | ʔəham /ʔəham/ | ဆိမ် /cʰim/ |
| Cacca | ʔjak /ʔjak/ | — | *ʔicʔ /ʔicʔ/ | aing /ʔaɲ/ | aing /ʔaɲ/ | klɑːŋ /klɑːŋ/ | — |
| Amore | hlah /hlah/ | kɔɔh /kɔːh/ | — /—/ | moh /moh/ | mōuh /mo̤h/ | phɯ /pʰɯ/ | ဆာန် /cʰan/ |
| Albero | lam /lam/ | sʔɔːŋ /sʔɔːŋ/ | *ɟɕɨːʔ /ɟɕɨːʔ/ | khaox /kʰauʔ/ | kaox /kʰauʔ/ | ʔəŋ /ʔəŋ/ | ဆု /tɕu/ |
| Cane | braɲ /braɲ/ | sɔʔ /sɔʔ/ | *cɔː /cɔː/ | sox /soʔ/ | soux /soʔ/ | ca /caː/ | ခၠဵု /kʰlou/ |
| Gatto | mɛɛw /mɛːw/ | mɛːw /mɛːw/ | — /—/ | miao: /miau/ | miao /miau/ | chhlɔːk /tʃʰlɔːk/ | ဂျိ /kluj/ |
| Pesce | kaʔ /kaʔ/ | kaʼ /kaʔ/ | *kaʔ /kaʔ/ | kax /kaʔ/ | gax /kaʔ/ | ka /kaː/ | က /kaʔ/ |
| Uccello | ʔat /ʔat/ | sim /sim/ | *ciːm /ciːm/ | sim /sim/ | sim /sim/ | cɛm /cɛm/ | ဂစေမ် /kəcem/ |
| Farfalla | rɨp phɛp /rɨp pʰɛp/ | tlaːmpaːm /tlaːmpaːm/ | — | pung piang /puŋ piaŋ/ | būng bīang /pṳŋ pi̤aŋ/ | mphlaːp mphlaːp /mpʰlaːp mpʰlaːp/ | — |
| Uovo | khaj /kʰaj/ | kədoŋ /kədoŋ/ | *ktam /ktam/ | tawm ia /tɔm ʔia/ | dom /tɔm/ | nthrɛ̤ːl /ntʰrɛːl/ | — |
| Orso | biɯk /biɯk/ | huəl /huəl/ | — | krih /krih/ | grih /krih/ | — | — |
| Cavallo | braŋ /braŋ/ | — | — | brung /bruŋ/ | nbrūng /brṳŋ/ | — | ချေံ /kseh/ |
| Casa | gɛɛŋ /ɡɛːŋ/ | gaːŋ /ɡaːŋ/ | *ɲaːʔ /ɲaːʔ/ | nyiex /ɲiɛʔ/ | nyīex /ɲi̤ɛʔ/ | pno /pno/ | သ္ၚိ /sŋiʔ/ |
| Latte | wək bo /wək bo/ | — | — | teeh /tɯih/ | deeih /tɯih/ | nom /nom/ | — |
| Miele | thɛɛw /tʰɛːw/ | — | — | rawm hia /rɔm hia/ | rom hia /rɔm hia/ | — | — |
| Sale | chuʌk /tʃuʌk/ | hmaar /hmaːr/ | *ɓɔːh /ɓɔːh/ | kih /kih/ | gīh /ki̤h/ | phɑ̤ːh /pʰɑːh/ | — |
| Riso | juuk /juːk/ | ʰŋɔʔ /ʰŋɔʔ/ | *rŋkoːʔ /rŋkoːʔ/ | gaox /ɡauʔ/ | mgaox /ɡauʔ/ | ŋkaːw /ŋkaːw/ | — |
| Ferro | hlek /hlek/ | cndroh /cndroh/ | — | lhek /l̥ek/ | hleig /lʰek/ | taːʔ /taːʔ/ | — |
| Libro | naŋ sɨ /naŋ sɨ/ | pɨːm /pɨːm/ | — | phuk lai /pʰuk lai/ | pug lāi /pʰuk la̤i/ | — | — |
| Mangiare | ʔə /ʔə/ | mah /mah/ | *ɟaː /ɟaː/ | ih /ʔih/ | ih /ʔih/ | sap /sap/ | စိ /tɕiʔ/ |
| Bere | wək /wək/ | ʔɨək /ʔɨək/ | *ɲuʔ /ɲuʔ/ | nyaux /ɲaɯʔ/ | nyāex /ɲa̤ɯʔ/ | suəm /suəm/ | သုက် /sok/ |
| Dormire | nɔn /nɔn/ | sih /sih/ | *ɓic /ɓic/ | it /ʔit/ | id /ʔit/ | ŋɛt /ŋɛt/ | — |
| Uno | mɔj /mɔj/ | moj /moj/ | *muːj /muːj/ | tix /tiʔ/ | dīx /ti̤ʔ/ | mṳːy /muj/ | မွဲ /mwɛ/ |
| Due | bɛr /bɛr/ | baar /baːr/ | *ɓaːr /ɓaːr/ | ra /ra/ | ra /ra/ | bia /bia/ | ၜါ /ɓa/ |
| Tre | pɛʔ /pɛʔ/ | peʼ /peʔ/ | *peʔ /peʔ/ | loe /lɤ/ | loui /loi/ | pei /pəj/ | ပိ /poi/ |
| Quattro | pon /pon/ | pon /pon/ | *punʔ /punʔ/ | pon /pon/ | boun /pon/ | apɔːn /ʔapɔːn/ | ပန် /pan/ |
| Cinque | thɤɤŋ /tʰɤːŋ/ | — | *pɗam /pɗam/ | phuan /pʰuan/ | puan /pʰuan/ | asʌːŋ /ʔasʌːŋ/ | မသုန် /msun/ |
| Cento | rɔy /rɔj/ | — | — | yieh /jiɛh/ | yīeh /ʑi̤ɛh/ | muːj ruʌj /muːj ruʌj/ | ကၠံ /klɔm/ |
| Ciao | hahɔ /hahɔ/ | lɔh /lɔh/ | — /—/ | nawp nawm /nɔp nɔm/ | nob nom /nɔp nɔm/ | sabaaj /sabaːj/ | — /—/ |
| Grazie | knɔŋ /knɔŋ/ | ɔrkun /ʔɔrkun/ | — /—/ | bwanson /buan son/ | nbuan soun /buan son/ | khɔp /kʰɔp/ | — /—/ |
| Buono | pja kle /pja kle/ | ləʔ /ləʔ/ | — /—/ | mhawm /m̥ɔm/ | hmom /mʰɔm/ | ɟɔ /ɟɔ/ | ခိုဟ် /kʰɔh/ |
| Nuovo | hmɛʔ /hmɛʔ/ | həmmeʔ /həmmeʔ/ | *tmeːʔ /tmeːʔ/ | khraox /kʰrauʔ/ | kraox /kʰrauʔ/ | tamaj /təmaj/ | — |
| Rosso | lɛŋ /lɛŋ/ | jim /jim/ | *roːŋ /roːŋ/ | raoh /rauh/ | raoh /rauh/ | kəsaw /kəsaw/ | — /—/ |
| Bianco | bəlaak /bəlaːk/ | klɔɔk /klɔːk/ | *ɓɔːk /ɓɔːk/ | paing /paɲ/ | bāing /pa̤ɲ/ | buaʔ /buaʔ/ | ဗ္တာၚ် /bətaiŋ/ |
| Nero | pha dam /pʰa dam/ | hiəŋ /hiəŋ/ | *Cjoŋ /Cjoŋ/ | lung /luŋ/ | lūng /lṳŋ/ | twɛɲ /twɛɲ/ | — |
| Verde | bɨn liŋ /bɨn liŋ/ | siw /siw/ | *kciʔ /kciʔ/ | klai /klai/ | glāi /kla̤i/ | khew /kʰew/ | — |
| Blu | si fa /si fa/ | siːw /siːw/ | — | — | glāi /kla̤i/ | — | — |
| Zucchero | nam tan /nam tan/ | — | — | nam oi: /nam ʔɔi/ | nām oi /na̤m ʔɔi/ | ŋʔɑːj /ŋʔɑːj/ | — |
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