Vananga Rapa Nui
Rapanui
Austronesiana (Polinesiano, orientale)
Il rapa nui è la lingua autoctona dell'Isola di Pasqua; la lingua polinesiana più isolata, separata dalle altre per oltre mille anni. La scrittura rongorongo, tuttora non decifrata, è uno dei più grandi enigmi della linguistica.
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in rapanui
Fonti
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: Austronesiana (Polinesiano, orientale)
| Significato | Rapanui | Marchesano | Tuamotuano | Maori delle Isole Cook | Pukapukano | Māori | Tahitiano |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | vai /vai/ | wai /wai/ | wai /wai/ | pape /pape/ |
| Fuoco | ahi /ahi/ | ahi /ahi/ | ahi /ahi/ | aʻi /aʔi/ | awi /awi/ | ahi /ahi/ | auahi /auahi/ |
| Sole | raʻā /ɾaʔaː/ | ʻoumati /ʔoumati/ | rā /raː/ | rā /raː/ | la /la/ | rā /ɾaː/ | mahana /mahana/ |
| Luna | mahina /mahina/ | mahina /mahina/ | marama /marama/ | marama /marama/ | malama /malama/ | marama /maɾama/ | marama /maɾama/ |
| Stella | hetuʻu /hetuʔu/ | fetuʻu /fetuʔu/ | fetū /fetuː/ | etū /etuː/ | wetū /wetuː/ | whetū /ɸetuː/ | fetiʻa /fetiʔa/ |
| Notte | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ | pō /poː/ |
| Pioggia | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ | ua /ua/ |
| Vento | tokerau /tokeɾau/ | metani /metani/ | matangi /mataŋi/ | matangi /mataŋi/ | matangi /mataŋi/ | hau /hau/ | mataʻi /mataʔi/ |
| Terra | ʻoʻone /ʔoʔone/ | ʻepo /ʔepo/ | repo /repo/ | one /one/ | kelekele /kelekele/ | oneone /oneone/ | repo /ɾepo/ |
| Pietra | maʻea /maʔea/ | keʻa /keʔa/ | pōfatu /poːfatu/ | toka /toka/ | watu /watu/ | kōhatu /koːhatu/ | ʻōfaʻi /ʔoːfaʔi/ |
| Montagna | maʻunga /maʔuŋa/ | — | māunga /maːuŋa/ | maunga /mauŋa/ | maunga /mauŋa/ | maunga /mauŋa/ | mouʻa /mouʔa/ |
| Mare | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ | tai /tai/ | moana /moana/ | moana /moana/ |
| Madre | matuʻa vahine /matuʔa vahine/ | kui /kui/ | metua vahine /metua vahine/ | māmā /maːmaː/ | matua wawine /matua wawine/ | whaea /ɸaea/ | māmā /maːmaː/ |
| Padre | matuʻa tāne /matuʔa taːne/ | motua /motua/ | metua tāne /metua taːne/ | pāpā /paːpaː/ | matua tāne /matua taːne/ | matua /matua/ | pāpā /paːpaː/ |
| Figlia | poki vahine /poki vahine/ | — | tamahine /tamahine/ | tamaine /tamaine/ | tamāwine /tamaːwine/ | tamāhine /tamaːhine/ | tamāhine /tamaːhine/ |
| Io | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ | au /au/ |
| Tu | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | koe /koe/ | ʻoe /ʔoe/ |
| Noi | tatou / matou /tatou / matou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ | tātou / mātou /taːtou / maːtou/ |
| Nome | ingoa /iŋoa/ | ikoa /ikoa/ | ingoa /iŋoa/ | ingoa /iŋoa/ | ingoa /iŋoa/ | ingoa /iŋoa/ | iʻoa /iʔoa/ |
| Persona | tangata /taŋata/ | ʻenana /ʔenana/ | tangata /taŋata/ | tangata /taŋata/ | tangata /taŋata/ | tangata /taŋata/ | taʻata /taʔata/ |
| Testa | puʻoko /puʔoko/ | upoko /upoko/ | upoko /upoko/ | upoko /upoko/ | ulu /ulu/ | upoko /upoko/ | upoʻo /upoʔo/ |
| Occhio | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | mata /mata/ | karu /kaɾu/ | mata /mata/ |
| Orecchio | taringa /taɾiŋa/ | puaʻika /puaʔika/ | taringa /tariŋa/ | taringa /taɾiŋa/ | talinga /taliŋa/ | taringa /taɾiŋa/ | tariʻa /taɾiʔa/ |
| Naso | ihu /ihu/ | ihu /ihu/ | ihu /ihu/ | putāngiʻu /putaːŋiʔu/ | iyu /iðu/ | ihu /ihu/ | ihu /ihu/ |
| Bocca | haha /haha/ | haha /haha/ | vaha /vaha/ | vaʻa /vaʔa/ | ngutu /ŋutu/ | waha /waha/ | vaha /vaha/ |
| Dente | niho /niho/ | niho /niho/ | niho /niho/ | niʻo /niʔo/ | nio /nio/ | niho /niho/ | niho /niho/ |
| Lingua | arero /aɾeɾo/ | ʻeʻo /ʔeʔo/ | arero /aɾeɾo/ | arero /aɾeɾo/ | alelo /alelo/ | arero /aɾeɾo/ | arero /aɾeɾo/ |
| Mano | rima /ɾima/ | ʻima /ʔima/ | rima /rima/ | rima /ɾima/ | lima /lima/ | ringa /ɾiŋa/ | rima /ɾima/ |
| Piede | vaʻe /vaʔe/ | vae /vae/ | vae /vae/ | vae /vae/ | vae /vae/ | waewae /waewae/ | ʻāvae /ʔaːvae/ |
| Cuore | mahatu /mahatu/ | houpo /houpo/ | hōupo /hoːupo/ | ngākau /ŋaːkau/ | loto /loto/ | ngākau /ŋaːkau/ | mafatu /mafatu/ |
| Osso | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | ivi /ivi/ | kōiwi /koːiwi/ | ivi /ivi/ |
| Sangue | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ | toto /toto/ |
| Cacca | tūtaʻe /tuːtaʔe/ | — | tūtae /tuːtae/ | tūtae /tuːtae/ | tūtae /tuːtae/ | tūtae /tuːtae/ | tūtae /tuːtae/ |
| Amore | hanga /haŋa/ | hanahana /hanahana/ | aroha /aroha/ | aroʻa /aɾoʔa/ | aloa /aloa/ | aroha /aɾoha/ | here /heɾe/ |
| Albero | tumu rākau /tumu ɾaːkau/ | tumu kahi /tumu kahi/ | rākau /raːkau/ | rākau /raːkau/ | lākau /laːkau/ | rākau /ɾaːkau/ | tumu rāʻau /tumu ɾaːʔau/ |
| Cane | paihenga /paiheŋa/ | peto /peto/ | kuri /kuri/ | puakaoa /puakaoa/ | kulī /kuliː/ | kurī /kuɾiː/ | ʻūrī /ʔuːɾiː/ |
| Gatto | kati /kati/ | piki /piki/ | — /—/ | ngiao /ŋiao/ | pusi /pusi/ | ngeru /ŋeɾu/ | mīmī /miːmiː/ |
| Pesce | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | ika /ika/ | iʻa /iʔa/ |
| Uccello | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ | manu /manu/ |
| Farfalla | pepa /pepa/ | — | pepe /pepe/ | pepe /pepe/ | — | pūrerehua /puːɾeɾehua/ | pepe /pepe/ |
| Uovo | māmari /maːmaɾi/ | mamaʻi /mamaʔi/ | tōuo /toːuo/ | ua /ua/ | wuamoa /wuamoa/ | hēki /heːki/ | huero /hueɾo/ |
| Orso | oso /oso/ | — | — | pea /pea/ | pea /pea/ | pea /pea/ | daba /daba/ |
| Cavallo | hoi /hoi/ | ekeuna /ekeuna/ | puārehenua /puaːrehenua/ | ʻoroʻenua /ʔoɾoʔenua/ | oloenua /oloenua/ | hōiho /hoːiho/ | puaʻahorofenua /puaʔahoɾofenua/ |
| Casa | hare /haɾe/ | haʻe /haʔe/ | fare /fare/ | ʻare /ʔaɾe/ | wale /wale/ | whare /ɸaɾe/ | fare /faɾe/ |
| Latte | ū /uː/ | — | — | ū /uː/ | wū /wuː/ | miraka /miɾaka/ | ū /uː/ |
| Miele | meri /meɾi/ | — | — | meri /meri/ | meli /meli/ | miere /mieɾe/ | meri /meɾi/ |
| Sale | miti /miti/ | paʻatai /paʔatai/ | miti /miti/ | miti /miti/ | miti /miti/ | tote /tote/ | miti /miti/ |
| Vino | vino /vino/ | — | — | uaina /uaina/ | uwaina /uwaina/ | wāina /waːina/ | uaina /uaina/ |
| Riso | raiti /ɾaiti/ | — | — | raiti /ɾaiti/ | — | raihi /ɾaihi/ | raiti /ɾaiti/ |
| Ferro | auri /auɾi/ | — | kāuri /kaːuri/ | ʻāuri /ʔaːuri/ | āuli /aːuli/ | rino /ɾino/ | ʻāuri /ʔaːuɾi/ |
| Ruota | — /—/ | — | huira /huira/ | porotātā /poɾotaːtaː/ | — | wīra /wiːɾa/ | huira /huiɾa/ |
| Seta | sea /sea/ | — | — | tīrika /tiːɾika/ | tilika /tilika/ | hiraka /hiɾaka/ | — |
| Libro | puka /puka/ | — | puta /puta/ | puka /puka/ | puka /puka/ | pukapuka /pukapuka/ | puta /puta/ |
| Mangiare | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | kai /kai/ | ʻamu /ʔamu/ |
| Bere | unu /unu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ | inu /inu/ |
| Dormire | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | moe /moe/ | taʻoto /taʔoto/ |
| Uno | tahi /tahi/ | tahi /tahi/ | tahi /tahi/ | taʻi /taʔi/ | tayi /taði/ | tahi /tahi/ | hōʻē /hoːʔeː/ |
| Due | rua /ɾua/ | ʻua /ʔua/ | rua /rua/ | rua /rua/ | lua /lua/ | rua /ɾua/ | piti /piti/ |
| Tre | toru /toɾu/ | toʻu /toʔu/ | toru /toɾu/ | toru /toɾu/ | tolu /tolu/ | toru /toɾu/ | toru /toɾu/ |
| Quattro | hā /haː/ | hā /haː/ | hā /haː/ | ʻā /ʔaː/ | wā /waː/ | whā /ɸaː/ | maha /maha/ |
| Cinque | rima /ɾima/ | ʻima /ʔima/ | rima /ɾima/ | rima /ɾima/ | lima /lima/ | rima /ɾima/ | pae /pae/ |
| Cento | rau /ɾau/ | ʻau /ʔau/ | hānere /haːnere/ | ʻānere /ʔaːnere/ | lau /lau/ | rau /ɾau/ | hānere /haːneɾe/ |
| Ciao | ʻiorana /ʔioɾana/ | kaʻoha /kaʔoha/ | — /—/ | kia orāna /kia oɾaːna/ | kia orana /kia oɾana/ | kia ora /kia oɾa/ | ʻia ora na /ʔia oɾa na/ |
| Grazie | maururu /mauɾuɾu/ | mauruuru /mauɾuuɾu/ | — /—/ | meitaki /meitaki/ | meitaki /meitaki/ | ngā mihi /ŋaː mihi/ | māuruuru /maːuɾuuɾu/ |
| Buono | riva /ɾiva/ | meitaʻi /meitaʔi/ | maitaki /maitaki/ | meitaki /meitaki/ | lelei /lelei/ | pai /pai/ | maitaʻi /maitaʔi/ |
| Nuovo | hoʻou /hoʔou/ | hou /hou/ | hoou /hoou/ | ʻou /ʔou/ | wou /wou/ | hou /hou/ | ʻāpī /ʔaːpiː/ |
| Rosso | mea mea /mea mea/ | kuʻa /kuʔa/ | kura /kuɾa/ | muramura /muɾamuɾa/ | kula /kula/ | whero /ɸeɾo/ | ʻuteʻute /ʔuteʔute/ |
| Bianco | tea tea /tea tea/ | tea /tea/ | tea /tea/ | teatea /teatea/ | tea /tea/ | mā /maː/ | teatea /teatea/ |
| Nero | uri uri /uɾi uɾi/ | keʻekeʻe /keʔekeʔe/ | kere /kere/ | kerekere /keɾekeɾe/ | uli /uli/ | mangu /maŋu/ | ʻereʻere /ʔeɾeʔeɾe/ |
| Verde | rito mata /ɾito mata/ | — | matie /matie/ | matie /matie/ | yengayenga /ðeŋaðeŋa/ | kākāriki /kaːkaːɾiki/ | matie /matie/ |
| Blu | moana /moana/ | moho /moho/ | ninamu /ninamu/ | auīka /auiːka/ | yengayenga /ðeŋaðeŋa/ | kahurangi /kahuɾaŋi/ | nīnamu /niːnamu/ |
| Zucchero | tihota /tihota/ | — | — | tuka /tuka/ | — | huka /huka/ | tihota /tihota/ |
| 99 | iva ʻahuru mā iva /iva ʔahuɾu maː iva/ | — | — | iva ngaʻuru mā iva /iva ŋaʔuɾu maː iva/ | — | iwa tekau mā iwa /iwa tekau maː iwa/ | — |
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