Rarámuri
Tarahumara
Uto-azteca (Taracahitan)
Il tarahumara (Rarámuri, "coloro che corrono con i piedi") è una lingua uto-azteca della Sierra Tarahumara, nello stato messicano di Chihuahua. I Rarámuri sono famosi nel mondo per le loro tradizioni di corsa di lunga distanza, come la "rarájipari" (corsa calciando una palla).
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in tarahumara
chocolate
azúcar
Fonti
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: Uto-azteca (Taracahitan)
| Significato | Tarahumara | Proto-uto-azteco | Wixárika | Cora | Nahuatl huasteca occidentale | Nahuatl di Guerrero | Nahuatl huasteca centrale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | bawí /bawi/ | *paʔ /paʔ/ | ha /ha/ | hapɨn /hapɨn/ | atl /atɬ/ | atl /atɬ/ | atl /atɬ/ |
| Fuoco | nahí /nahi/ | *na- /na/ | tai /tai/ | taʼai /taʔai/ | tlitl /tɬitɬ/ | tlitl /tɬitɬ/ | tlitl /tɬitɬ/ |
| Sole | rayó /ɾajo/ | *ta /ta/ | tau /tau/ | tahaapuá /tahaːpwa/ | tonati /tonati/ | tonajli /tonahli/ | tonati /tonati/ |
| Luna | mecá /metʃa/ | *mɨca /mɨca/ | metsa /metsa/ | mɨhka /mɨhka/ | metztli /metstɬi/ | metztli /metstɬi/ | metztli /metstɬi/ |
| Stella | sopolí /sopoli/ | — /—/ | xurawe /ʃuˈrawe/ | sɨɨrabe /sɨːˈrabe/ | sitlali /siˈtɬali/ | sitlalin /siˈtɬalin/ | sitlalij /siˈtɬalih/ |
| Notte | rokó /roko/ | *tuku /tuku/ | tikari /tikari/ | tika /tika/ | yohuali /jowali/ | yowalli /jowalːi/ | youali /jowali/ |
| Pioggia | ukuí /ukui/ | *yuku /juku/ | wiyeri /wijeri/ | biite /biːte/ | quiyahuitl /kijawitɬ/ | quiyahuitl /kijawitɬ/ | kiyawit /kiˈjawit/ |
| Neve | kiparí /kipaɾi/ | — | ʼɨwi /ʔɨwi/ | seeri /seːɾi/ | sitlal setl /sitɬal setɬ/ | nieve /ˈnjebe/ | sital set /sital set/ |
| Vento | eká /eka/ | *hɨka /hɨka/ | ʼeeka /ʔeːka/ | eeca /eːka/ | ajacatl /ahakatɬ/ | ajacatl /ahakatɬ/ | ajakatl /ahakatɬ/ |
| Terra | weʼé /weʔe/ | — | kwie /kʷie/ | chuej /tʃweh/ | tlali /tɬali/ | tlajli /tɬahli/ | tlali /tɬali/ |
| Pietra | rité /ɾite/ | *tɨn /tɨn/ | tete /tete/ | teté /teˈte/ | tetl /teːtɬ/ | tetl /teːtɬ/ | tetl /tetɬ/ |
| Montagna | rabó /ɾabo/ | *yohawi /johawi/ | yemuri /jemuri/ | jɨrí /hɨˈri/ | tepetl /ˈtepeːtɬ/ | tepetl /ˈtepeːtɬ/ | tepetl /ˈtepeːtɬ/ |
| Mare | mar /maɾ/ | *mɨma /mɨma/ | haramara /haramara/ | muájete /mwaˈhete/ | hueyatl /ˈwejatɬ/ | mar /mar/ | hueyatl /ˈwejatɬ/ |
| Madre | iyé /ije/ | — /—/ | nana /nana/ | naana /naːna/ | nana /nana/ | nanan /nanan/ | nana /nana/ |
| Padre | onó /ono/ | *owa /owa/ | yawe /jawe/ | hahuá /hahwa/ | tata /tata/ | tatah /tatah/ | tata /tata/ |
| Figlia | mará /maˈɾa/ | *mala /mala/ | — | — | noichpoca /noitʃˈpoka/ | nochpoch /ˈnotʃpotʃ/ | noichpoca /noitʃˈpoka/ |
| Io | nejé /nehe/ | *nɨ /nɨ/ | nee /neː/ | neʼu /ˈneʔu/ | na /na/ | nejua /neˈwa/ | na /na/ |
| Tu | mujé /muhe/ | *ʔɨ /ʔɨ/ | eekɨ /ˈeːkɨ/ | aʼu /ˈaʔu/ | ta /ta/ | tejua /teˈwa/ | ta /ta/ |
| Noi | tamujé /tamuhe/ | — /—/ | tame /ˈtame/ | ta /ta/ | tojuanti /toˈhwanti/ | tejuamej /teˈwameh/ | tojuanti /tohˈwanti/ |
| Nome | riwá /ɾiwa/ | *tewa /tewa/ | tewa /ˈtewa/ | yeuwa /ˈjeuwa/ | tocaitl /toˈkaitɬ/ | tocaitl /toˈkaitɬ/ | tocaxtli /toˈkaʃtɬi/ |
| Persona | pagótami /paɡotami/ | *takaC /takaC/ | tewi /tewi/ | tebi /tebi/ | masehuali /maseˈwali/ | tlacatl /ˈtɬakatɬ/ | masehuali /maseˈwali/ |
| Testa | moʼó /moʔo/ | *moʔo /moʔo/ | muʼú /muˈʔu/ | muʼú /muˈʔu/ | tzontecomitl /tsonteˈkomitɬ/ | tzontecomitl /tsonteˈkomitɬ/ | tzontecomitl /tsonteˈkomitɬ/ |
| Occhio | pusí /pusi/ | *pusi /pusi/ | tukite /tukite/ | húi /hwi/ | ixteyol /iʃtejol/ | ixtololo /iʃtololo/ | ixtioli /iʃtioli/ |
| Orecchio | naká /naka/ | *naka /naka/ | naka /naka/ | naxai /naʃai/ | nacastli /nakastɬi/ | nacas /nakas/ | nacastli /nakastɬi/ |
| Naso | aká /aka/ | *yaka /jaka/ | tsuri /tsuɾi/ | tzúʼuri /ˈtsuʔuri/ | yacatl /jakatɬ/ | yacatl /jakatɬ/ | yakatsoli /jakatsoli/ |
| Bocca | riní /ɾini/ | *tɨʔni /tɨʔni/ | téni /teni/ | teni /teni/ | camactli /kaˈmaktɬi/ | camactli /kaˈmaktɬi/ | camactli /kaˈmaktɬi/ |
| Dente | ramé /rame/ | *tama /tama/ | tame /tame/ | tame /tame/ | tlancochtli /tɬankotʃtɬi/ | tlan /tɬan/ | tlankoch /tɬankotʃ/ |
| Lingua | chamerawa /tʃamerawa/ | *nene /nene/ | neni /neni/ | nanu /nanu/ | nenepil /nenepil/ | nenepil /nenepil/ | nenepili /nenepili/ |
| Mano | sekuá /sekwa/ | *maʔ /maʔ/ | mama /mama/ | mam /mam/ | maitl /maitɬ/ | maitl /maitɬ/ | maitl /maitɬ/ |
| Piede | ronó /ɾono/ | *tala /tala/ | keta /keta/ | ɨɨka /ɨːka/ | icxitl /ikʃitɬ/ | icxitl /ikʃitɬ/ | icxitl /ikʃitɬ/ |
| Cuore | surí /suɾi/ | *sula /sula/ | iyari /ijari/ | hɨurí /hɨuri/ | yolotl /jolotɬ/ | yojlotl /johlotɬ/ | yolotl /jolotɬ/ |
| Osso | ochí /otʃi/ | *ohomï-ta /ohomɨta/ | ume /ume/ | ɨka /ɨka/ | omitl /omitɬ/ | omitl /omitɬ/ | omitl /omitɬ/ |
| Sangue | wichirá /witʃiɾa/ | *ɨtwa /ɨtwa/ | xuriya /ʃuɾija/ | xuuri /ʃuːɾi/ | estli /estɬi/ | yestli /jestɬi/ | estli /estɬi/ |
| Cacca | witá /wita/ | *kwittaC /kwittaC/ | kwita /kʷita/ | — | cuitlatl /ˈkʷitɬatɬ/ | — | cuitlatl /ˈkʷitɬatɬ/ |
| Amore | nakí /naki/ | — /—/ | kanenki /kanenki/ | kaʼna /kaʔna/ | tlasojtla /tɬasohtɬa/ | tlazohtla /tɬasoʔtɬa/ | tlazohtla /tɬasoʔtɬa/ |
| Albero | gokó /ɡoko/ | *kut /kut/ | kiyé /kije/ | kɨré /kɨre/ | cuahuitl /kʷawitɬ/ | kojtli /kohtɬi/ | cuahuitl /kʷawitɬ/ |
| Cane | kochí /kotʃi/ | *woci /woci/ | tsïkï /tsɨkɨ/ | tsɨʼɨ /tsɨʔɨ/ | chichi /tʃitʃi/ | itzcuintli /itskʷintɬi/ | chichi /tʃitʃi/ |
| Gatto | misí /misi/ | — /—/ | mitsu /mitsu/ | mistú /mistu/ | mizton /miston/ | miston /miston/ | misto /misto/ |
| Pesce | rochi /rotʃi/ | *paki /paki/ | kesi /kesi/ | sasa /sasa/ | michi /mitʃi/ | michin /mitʃin/ | michi /mitʃi/ |
| Uccello | chulugí /tʃuluɡi/ | — | wiki /wiki/ | pinaʼa /ˈpinaʔa/ | tototl /tototɬ/ | tototl /ˈtototɬ/ | tototl /tototɬ/ |
| Farfalla | nakarópari /nakaropari/ | — | kipï /kipɨ/ | átzipaʼu /ˈatsipaʔu/ | papalotl /paˈpalotɬ/ | papalotl /paˈpalotɬ/ | papalotl /paˈpalotɬ/ |
| Uovo | kaʼwá /kaʔwa/ | — | tawári /taˈwaɾi/ | taʼu /taʔu/ | tecsistli /teksistɬi/ | totoltetl /totolˈtetɬ/ | tejsistli /tehsistɬi/ |
| Cavallo | kawé /kawe/ | — | kawayu /kawaju/ | cahuaáyuʼu /kawaˈajuʔu/ | cahuayo /kaˈwajo/ | caballo /kaˈbajo/ | kauayoj /kaˈwajoh/ |
| Casa | kalí /kali/ | *ki /ki/ | ki /ki/ | kíh /kih/ | cali /kali/ | kajli /kahli/ | kali /kali/ |
| Miele | amoo /amoo/ | — | xiete /ʃiete/ | sarate /saɾate/ | nectli /nektɬi/ | necutli /neˈkutɬi/ | necti /nekti/ |
| Sale | koná /kona/ | *ona /ona/ | ʼuna /ʔuna/ | unáj /unah/ | istatl /istatɬ/ | istatl /istatɬ/ | istatl /istatɬ/ |
| Cioccolato | chocolate | — | — | tzicuraá /tsikuɾaˈa/ | chocolatl /tʃokoˈlatɬ/ | chikolatl /tʃikoˈlatɬ/ | chocolatl /tʃokoˈlatɬ/ |
| Ferro | jiyero /hijeɾo/ | — | tepɨa /tepɨa/ | tepuústiʼi /tepuːstiʔi/ | tepostli /tepostɬi/ | tepostli /tepostɬi/ | tepostli /tepostɬi/ |
| Libro | libro /libɾo/ | — | xapa /ʃapa/ | liibru /ˈliːbɾu/ | libro /ˈlibro/ | libro /ˈlibro/ | amochtli /aˈmotʃtɬi/ |
| Mangiare | koʼa /koʔa/ | *kwaʔa /kwaʔa/ | kuye /kuje/ | kuá /kwa/ | tlacua /tɬakʷa/ | tlakua /tɬakʷa/ | tlacua /tɬakʷa/ |
| Bere | bahí /bahi/ | *hiʔpa /hiʔpa/ | hiʼeka /hiʔeka/ | hiʼi /hiʔi/ | atli /atɬi/ | koni /koni/ | atli /atɬi/ |
| Dormire | kochí /kotʃi/ | *koci /koci/ | kutsu /kutsu/ | cutzú /kuˈtsu/ | cochi /ˈkotʃi/ | cochi /ˈkotʃi/ | cochi /ˈkotʃi/ |
| Uno | bilé /bile/ | *sɨmɨ /sɨmɨ/ | xevi /ʃevi/ | cei /tsei/ | se /se/ | ce /se/ | ce /se/ |
| Due | okuá /okwa/ | *wo /wo/ | huta /huˈta/ | huapoa /waˈpoa/ | ome /ˈome/ | ome /ˈome/ | ome /ˈome/ |
| Tre | bakiá /bakia/ | *pahi /pahi/ | haika /haika/ | waika /waika/ | eyi /ejiː/ | yeyi /jeji/ | eyi /ejiː/ |
| Quattro | naó /nao/ | *na-wakay /nawakaj/ | nauka /nauka/ | muaacua /mwaːkwa/ | nahui /nawi/ | nahui /nawi/ | nahui /naːwi/ |
| Cinque | marí /maˈɾi/ | *cipo /cipo/ | auxɨwi /auʃɨwi/ | ansɨbi /ansɨbi/ | macuili /maˈkʷili/ | makuijli /makʷihli/ | makuili /maˈkʷili/ |
| Cento | siénto /ˈsjento/ | — | xeitsienituyari /ʃeitsienitujari/ | anxɨ́te /anˈʃɨte/ | cien /sjen/ | ciento /ˈsjento/ | cien /sjen/ |
| Ciao | kuira /kuiɾa/ | — /—/ | kekuanenki /kekwanenki/ | keʼkuanenki /keʔkwanenki/ | niltze /niltse/ | panolti /panolti/ | niltze /niltse/ |
| Grazie | matéterabá /mateteɾaba/ | — /—/ | paʼiwakaitsie /paʔiwakaitsje/ | atsipiraá /atsipiraː/ | tlascamati /tɬaskamati/ | tlazohcamati /tɬasoʔkamati/ | tlaskamati /tɬaskamati/ |
| Buono | galá /ɡala/ | — /—/ | waxa /waʃa/ | huáʼi /hwaʔi/ | cuali /kʷali/ | kuajli /kʷahli/ | kuali /kʷali/ |
| Nuovo | bukulíwami /bukuliwami/ | *pɨtuwa /pɨtuwa/ | hekwa /hekʷa/ | jéjcua /ˈhehkwa/ | yancuic /ˈjankʷik/ | yencuic /ˈjenkʷik/ | yancuic /ˈjankʷik/ |
| Rosso | sitákame /siˈtakame/ | — /—/ | +aurawi /ʔaurawi/ | sabí /saˈbi/ | chichiltic /tʃitʃiltik/ | chichiltik /tʃitʃiltik/ | chichiltik /tʃitʃiltik/ |
| Bianco | rosá /rosa/ | *tosa /tosa/ | tuxame /tuʃame/ | cuaiina /kʷaiˈina/ | chipahuac /tʃipawak/ | istak /istak/ | istak /istak/ |
| Nero | chókami /tʃokami/ | *tuku /tuku/ | yɨwime /jɨwime/ | súʼumuaraʼa /suʔumwaɾaʔa/ | yayahuic /jaˈjawik/ | capotztic /kaˈpotstik/ | yayahuic /jaˈjawik/ |
| Verde | siyóname /siˈjoname/ | — | siïraïyeme /siɨraɨjeme/ | jamuámua /haˈmwamwa/ | xoxohuic /ʃoˈʃowik/ | xoxojki /ʃoˈʃohki/ | xoxohuic /ʃoˈʃowik/ |
| Blu | siyóname /siˈjoname/ | — | yuawime /juawime/ | — | azultic /aˈsultik/ | azul /aˈsul/ | azultic /aˈsultik/ |
| Caffè | kajé /kahe/ | — | — | — | — | café /kaˈfe/ | kafej /kafeh/ |
| Zucchero | azúcar | — | — | — | — | azúcar /aˈsukar/ | chanchaka /tʃantʃaka/ |
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