isiNdebele
Южный ндебеле
атлантико-конголезский (банту, нгуни)
Южный ндебеле (isiNdebele) — один из 11 официальных языков ЮАР, отличный от северного ндебеле Зимбабве. Близок к зулу, однако благодаря интенсивному контакту с соседними педи и тсвана приобрёл собственную лексику.
Где на нём говорят
Южный ндебеле — основные слова (87)
chocolate
Источники
- South Ndebele Bible 2012 (bible.com 450; cached ~/langmap-work/r51/scratch/b/bible_nbl.tsv); en.wiktionary Southern Ndebele lemmas
Сравнение слов
Сравнение с родственными языками: атлантико-конголезский (банту, нгуни)
| Значение | Южный ндебеле | Северный ндебеле | Зулу | Коса | Свази | Тсонга | Лози |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Вода | amanzi /amanzi/ | amanzi /amanzi/ | amanzi /amanzi/ | amanzi /amaːnzi/ | emanti /emanti/ | mati /mati/ | mezi /mezi/ |
| Огонь | umlilo /umlilo/ | umlilo /umlilo/ | umlilo /umlilo/ | umlilo /umlilo/ | umlilo /umlilo/ | ndzilo /ndzilo/ | mulilo /mulilo/ |
| Солнце | ilanga /ilaŋɡa/ | ilanga /ilaŋɡa/ | ilanga /ilaŋɡa/ | ilanga /ilaːŋɡa/ | lilanga /lilaŋɡa/ | dyambu /dʒambu/ | lizazi /lizazi/ |
| Луна | inyezi /iɲezi/ | inyanga /iɲaŋɡa/ | inyanga /iɲaŋɡa/ | inyanga /iɲaːŋɡa/ | inyanga /iɲaŋɡa/ | nʼweti /ŋweti/ | kweli /kweli/ |
| Звезда | ikwekwezi /ikʷekʷezi/ | inkanyezi /iŋkaɲezi/ | inkanyezi /iŋkaˈɲeːzi/ | inkwenkwezi /iŋkʷeŋkʷezi/ | inkhanyeti /iŋkʰaɲeti/ | nyeleti /ɲeleti/ | naleli /naleli/ |
| Ночь | ubusuku /uɓusuku/ | ubusuku /ubusuku/ | ubusuku /ubusuku/ | ubusuku /ubusuku/ | busuku /ɓusuku/ | vusiku /vusiku/ | busihu /busihu/ |
| Дождь | izulu /izulu/ | imvula /imˈvula/ | imvula /imˈvula/ | imvula /imˈvula/ | imvula /imˈvula/ | mpfula /ˈmpfula/ | pula /ˈpula/ |
| Снег | iliqhwa /iliǃʰwa/ | iliqhwa /iliǃʰwa/ | iqhwa /iǃʰwa/ | ikhephu /ikʰepʰu/ | lichwa /liǀʰwa/ | gamboko /ɡamboko/ | litwa /ˈlitwa/ |
| Ветер | umoya /umoja/ | umoya /umoːja/ | umoya /umoːja/ | umoya /umoːja/ | umoya /umoːja/ | moya /moja/ | moya /moja/ |
| Земля | ihlabathi /iɬaɓatʰi/ | inhlabathi /inɬaɓaːtʰi/ | inhlabathi /inɬaɓatʰi/ | umhlabathi /umɬaɓatʰi/ | umhlabatsi /umɬaɓatsi/ | misava /misava/ | mubu /mubu/ |
| Камень | ilitje /iˈlitʃe/ | ilitshe /iliˈtʃe/ | itshe /ˈiːtʃʼe/ | ilitye /iˈlitʼje/ | litje /liˈtʃe/ | ribye /riˈbje/ | licwe /liˈtʃwe/ |
| Гора | intaba /inˈtaːɓa/ | intaba /inˈtaːɓa/ | intaba /inˈtaːɓa/ | intaba /inˈtaːɓa/ | intsaba /intsaɓa/ | ntshava /ntsʰava/ | lilundu /lilundu/ |
| Море | ilwandle /ilwandɮe/ | ulwandle /ulwandɮe/ | ulwandle /uˈlwandɮe/ | ulwandle /uˈlwandɮe/ | lwandle /lwandɮe/ | lwandle /lwandɮe/ | liwate /liwate/ |
| Мать | umma /umma/ | umama /umama/ | umama /umama/ | umama /umaːma/ | make /make/ | manana /manana/ | ma /ma/ |
| Отец | ubaba /uɓaɓa/ | ubaba /uɓaɓa/ | ubaba /uɓaɓa/ | utata /utaːta/ | babe /ɓaɓe/ | tatana /tatana/ | ndate /ndate/ |
| Дочь | indodakazi /indodakazi/ | indodakazi /indodakazi/ | indodakazi /indodaˈkazi/ | intombi /inˈtombi/ | indvodzakati /indvodzakaːti/ | nʼwana wa xisati /ŋʷana wa ʃisati/ | mwana wa musizana /mwana wa musizana/ |
| Я | mina /mina/ | mina /mina/ | mina /ˈmiːna/ | mna /mna/ | mine /míne/ | mina /mina/ | na /na/ |
| Ты | wena /wena/ | wena /wena/ | wena /ˈweːna/ | wena /wena/ | wena /wéna/ | wena /wena/ | wena /wena/ |
| Мы | thina /tʰina/ | thina /tʰina/ | thina /ˈtʰiːna/ | thina /tʰina/ | tsine /tsíne/ | hina /hina/ | luna /luna/ |
| Имя | ibizo /iɓizo/ | ibizo /ibizo/ | igama /iˈɡaːma/ | igama /iɡaːma/ | libito /liɓiːto/ | vito /vito/ | libizo /libizo/ |
| Человек | umuntu /umuntu/ | umuntu /umuntu/ | umuntu /uˈmuntu/ | umntu /ˈumntu/ | umuntfu /umuntfu/ | munhu /munʱu/ | mutu /mutu/ |
| Голова | ihloko /iɬoko/ | ikhanda /iˈkʰanda/ | ikhanda /iˈkʰanda/ | intloko /intɬoːko/ | inhloko /inɬoko/ | nhloko /nɬoko/ | toho /toho/ |
| Глаз | ilihlo /iliɬo/ | ilihlo /iliɬo/ | iso /iso/ | iliso /iliso/ | liso /liso/ | tihlo /tiɬo/ | liito /liːto/ |
| Ухо | indlebe /indɮɛɓe/ | indlebe /indɮɛɓe/ | indlebe /indɮɛɓe/ | indlebe /indɮɛɓe/ | indlebe /indɮɛɓe/ | ndleve /ndɮeve/ | zebe /zebe/ |
| Нос | ipumulo /ipuˈmulo/ | ikhala /ikʰala/ | impumulo /impuˈmulo/ | impumlo /impuˈmlo/ | likhala /likʰala/ | nhompfu /nʱompfu/ | ngo /ŋo/ |
| Рот | umlomo /umˈlomo/ | umlomo /umˈlomo/ | umlomo /umˈlomo/ | umlomo /umˈlomo/ | umlomo /umlomo/ | nomu /nomu/ | mulomo /mulomo/ |
| Зуб | izinyo /iziɲo/ | izinyo /iziɲo/ | izinyo /iziɲo/ | izinyo /iziɲo/ | litinyo /litiɲo/ | tino /tino/ | liino /liːno/ |
| Язык | ilimu /ilimu/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | ulwimi /ulwimi/ | lulwimi /lulwimi/ | ririmi /ririmi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ |
| Рука | isandla /isandɮa/ | isandla /isandɮa/ | isandla /isandɮa/ | isandla /isandɮa/ | sandla /sandɮa/ | voko /voko/ | lizoho /lizoho/ |
| Ступня | inyawo /iɲawo/ | unyawo /uɲawo/ | unyawo /uːɲaːwo/ | unyawo /uɲaːwo/ | lunyawo /luɲawo/ | nenge /neŋɡe/ | lihutu /liˈhutu/ |
| Сердце | ihliziyo /iɬizijo/ | inhliziyo /inɬizijo/ | inhliziyo /inɬizijo/ | intliziyo /intɬizijo/ | inhlitiyo /inɬitijo/ | mbilu /mbilu/ | pilu /pilu/ |
| Кость | ithambo /itʰambo/ | ithambo /itʰambo/ | ithambo /itʰambo/ | ithambo /itʰambo/ | litsambo /litsambo/ | rhambu /rambu/ | sapo /sapo/ |
| Кровь | iingazi /iːŋɡazi/ | igazi /iɡazi/ | igazi /iɡazi/ | igazi /iɡazi/ | ingati /iŋɡati/ | ngati /ŋɡati/ | mali /mali/ |
| Кака | amasimba /amasimba/ | amasimba /amasimba/ | amasimba /amasimba/ | amasimba /amasimba/ | emasimba /emasimba/ | — | ñanda /ɲanda/ |
| Любовь | ithando /itʰando/ | uthando /utʰando/ | uthando /utʰando/ | uthando /utʰando/ | lutsandvo /lutsandwo/ | rirhandzu /riɾandzu/ | lilato /lilato/ |
| Дерево | umuthi /umutʰi/ | isihlahla /isiɬaɬa/ | isihlahla /isiɬaɬa/ | umthi /umtʰi/ | sihlahla /siɬaɬa/ | nsinya /nsiɲa/ | kota /kota/ |
| Собака | inja /indʒa/ | inja /indʒa/ | inja /indʒa/ | inja /indʒa/ | inja /indʒa/ | mbyana /mbjana/ | nja /ndʒa/ |
| Кошка | ikati /ikati/ | ikati /ikati/ | ikati /ikati/ | ikati /ikati/ | likati /likati/ | mangoyi /maŋɡoji/ | kaze /kaze/ |
| Рыба | ihlambi /iɬambi/ | inhlanzi /iɬanzi/ | inhlanzi /iɬanzi/ | intlanzi /intɬanzi/ | inhlanti /iɬanti/ | nhlampfi /nɬampfi/ | tapi /tapi/ |
| Птица | inyoni /iɲoni/ | inyoni /iɲoni/ | inyoni /iˈɲoni/ | intaka /inˈtaka/ | inyoni /iɲoni/ | xinyenyana /ʃiɲeˈɲana/ | nyunywani /ɲuɲwani/ |
| Бабочка | iviyaviyani /ivijavijani/ | ivevane /iveˈvane/ | uvemvane /uvemˈvaːne/ | ibhabhathane /ibʱabʱaˈtʰaːne/ | luvivane /luvivane/ | phapharhati /pʰapʰaˈrati/ | sipulumuki /sipulumuki/ |
| Яйцо | iqanda /iǃanda/ | iqanda /iǃanda/ | iqanda /iǃaːnda/ | iqanda /iǃaːnda/ | licandza /liǀandza/ | tandza /tandza/ | lii /liː/ |
| Медведь | ibhere /ibʱere/ | ibhere /ibʱere/ | ibhere /iˈbʱeːre/ | ibhere /ibʱere/ | libhele /libʱele/ | bere /bere/ | bele /bele/ |
| Лошадь | injomani /indʒoˈmani/ | ibhiza /iˈbiza/ | ihhashi /iˈɦaːʃi/ | ihashe /iˈhaʃe/ | lihhashi /liɦaʃi/ | hanci /hantʃi/ | pizi /pizi/ |
| Дом | indlu /indɮu/ | indlu /indɮu/ | indlu /indɮu/ | indlu /indɮu/ | indlu /indɮu/ | yindlu /jindɮu/ | ndu /ndu/ |
| Молоко | ibisi /iˈɓisi/ | uchago /uˈtʃaɡo/ | ubisi /uˈbisi/ | ubisi /uˈbisi/ | lubisi /luˈɓisi/ | masi /masi/ | mabisi /mabisi/ |
| Мёд | iliju /ilidʒu/ | uluju /uludʒu/ | uju /udʒu/ | ubusi /ubusi/ | luju /ludʒu/ | vulombe /vulombe/ | linosi /linosi/ |
| Соль | itswayi /itswaji/ | itswayi /itswaji/ | usawoti /usaˈwoti/ | ityuwa /iˈtjuwa/ | luswayi /luswaji/ | munyu /muɲu/ | lizwai /lizwai/ |
| Вино | iwayini /iwaˈjini/ | iwayini /iwaˈjini/ | iwayini /iwaˈjini/ | iwayini /iwaˈjini/ | liwayini /liwajini/ | vhinyo /viɲo/ | waine /waine/ |
| Рис | ireyisi /irejisi/ | — | irayisi /iɾaˈjiːsi/ | irayisi /iraˈjiːsi/ | lilayisi /lilajisi/ | rhayisi /rajisi/ | laisi /laisi/ |
| Шоколад | chocolate | — | ushokoledi /uʃokoˈleːdi/ | itshokolethi /itʃʰokoletʰi/ | i-chocolate | chokoleti /tʃokoleti/ | chocolate |
| Железо | isimbi /iˈsimbi/ | insimbi /inˈsimbi/ | insimbi /inˈsimbi/ | intsimbi /inˈtsimbi/ | insimbi /inˈsimbi/ | nsimbi /nsimbi/ | sipi /sipi/ |
| Колесо | ivili /iˈvili/ | ivili /iˈvili/ | isondo /iˈsondo/ | ivili /iˈvili/ | lisondvo /liˈsondvo/ | vhilwa /vilwa/ | liwili /liwili/ |
| Шёлк | isilika /isiˈlika/ | isilika /isiˈlika/ | usilika /usiˈliːka/ | isilika /isiˈliːka/ | silika /silika/ | silika /silika/ | siliki /siliki/ |
| Книга | incwadi /iŋǀʷadi/ | incwadi /iŋǀʷadi/ | incwadi /iŋˈǀʷaːdi/ | incwadi /iŋˈǀʷaːdi/ | incwadzi /iŋǀʷadzi/ | buku /buku/ | buka /buka/ |
| Есть | ukudla /ukuɮa/ | ukudla /ukuɮa/ | ukudla /ukuɮa/ | ukutya /ukutʲa/ | kudla /kuɮa/ | ku dya /ku dʒa/ | kuca /kutʃa/ |
| Пить | ukusela /ukusela/ | ukunatha /ukunatʰa/ | ukuphuza /ukupʰuza/ | ukusela /ukusɛla/ | kunatsa /kunatsa/ | ku nwa /ku nwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ |
| Спать | ukulala /ukulala/ | ukulala /ukulala/ | ukulala /ukulala/ | ukulala /ukulala/ | kulala /kulala/ | ku etlela /ku eˈtɬela/ | kulobala /kulobala/ |
| Один | nye /ɲe/ | nye /ɲe/ | kunye /kuɲe/ | inye /iɲɛ/ | kunye /kuɲe/ | rinʼwe /riŋwe/ | nyinwi /ɲiŋʷi/ |
| Два | kubili /kuɓili/ | kubili /kubili/ | kubili /kuˈɓili/ | mbini /mbiːni/ | kubili /kuɓiːli/ | mbirhi /mbiri/ | peli /peli/ |
| Три | kuthathu /kutʰatʰu/ | kuthathu /kutʰatʰu/ | kuthathu /kutʰaːtʰu/ | kuthathu /kutʰatʰu/ | kutsatfu /kutsʼatfu/ | nharhu /ɳaɾu/ | talu /talu/ |
| Четыре | kune /kunɛ/ | kune /kune/ | kune /kuːne/ | kune /kune/ | kune /kune/ | mune /mune/ | ne /ne/ |
| Пять | ihlanu /iɬanu/ | hlanu /ɬaːnu/ | hlanu /ɬaːnu/ | hlanu /ɬaːnu/ | sihlanu /siɬaːnu/ | ntlhanu /ntɬʰanu/ | ketalizoho /ketalizoho/ |
| Сто | ikhulu /iˈkʰulu/ | ikhulu /iˈkʰulu/ | ikhulu /iˈkʰulu/ | ikhulu /iˈkʰulu/ | likhulu /liˈkʰulu/ | dzana /dzana/ | mwanda /mwanda/ |
| Привет | lotjhani /lotʃʰani/ | salibonani /saliɓonani/ | sawubona /sawuɓona/ | molo /molo/ | sawubona /sawuɓona/ | avuxeni /avuʃeni/ | lumela /lumela/ |
| Спасибо | ngiyathokoza /ŋijatʰokoza/ | ngiyabonga /ŋijaɓoŋɡa/ | ngiyabonga /ŋɡijaɓoŋɡa/ | enkosi /ɛnkosi/ | ngiyabonga /ŋijaɓoŋɡa/ | inkomu /iŋkomu/ | nitumezi /nitumezi/ |
| Хороший | kuhle /kuɬe/ | kuhle /kuɬe/ | kuhle /kuɬe/ | lungile /luŋɡilɛ/ | kuhle /kuɬe/ | kahle /kaɬe/ | nde /nde/ |
| Новый | tjha /tʃʰa/ | tsha /tʃʰa/ | sha /ʃa/ | tsha /tʃʰa/ | sha /ʃa/ | ntshwa /ntsʰwa/ | nca /ntʃa/ |
| Красный | bomvu /ɓoːmvu/ | bomvu /ɓoːmvu/ | bomvu /ɓoːmvu/ | bomvu /ɓoːmvu/ | bovu /ɓoːvu/ | tshwuka /tsʰwuka/ | fubelu /fubelu/ |
| Белый | mhlophe /mɬɔpʰe/ | mhlophe /mɬɔpʰe/ | mhlophe /ˈmɬɔːpʰe/ | mhlophe /mɬɔːpʰe/ | mhlophe /mɬɔpʰe/ | basa /ˈbasa/ | sweu /sweu/ |
| Чёрный | nzima /nzima/ | mnyama /mɲaːma/ | mnyama /ˈmɲaːma/ | mnyama /mɲaːma/ | mnyama /mɲaːma/ | ntima /ntima/ | nsu /nsu/ |
| Зелёный | hlaza /ɬaːza/ | luhlaza /luɬaːza/ | luhlaza /luˈɬaːza/ | luhlaza /luˈɬaːza/ | luhlata /luɬaːta/ | rihlaza /riɬaza/ | tala /tala/ |
| Синий | hlaza /ɬaːza/ | luhlaza /luɬaːza/ | luhlaza /luˈɬaːza/ | luhlaza /luˈɬaːza/ | luhlata /luɬaːta/ | rihlaza /riɬaza/ | tala /tala/ |
| Компьютер | ikhomphyutha /ikʰompʰjutʰa/ | ikhompiyutha /ikʰompijutʰa/ | ikhompiyutha /ikʰompijutʰa/ | ikhompyutha /ikʰompjutʰa/ | i-computer | khompyuta /kʰompjuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ |
| Чай | itiye /iˈtije/ | itiye /itije/ | itiye /iˈtijɛ/ | iti /iˈti/ | litiya /litija/ | tiya /tija/ | tii /tiː/ |
| Кофе | ikofi /ikofi/ | ikhofi /ikʰofi/ | ikhofi /iˈkʰofi/ | ikofu /iˈkoːfu/ | likhofi /likʰofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ |
| Сахар | itjhukela /itʃʰukela/ | itshukela /itʃukela/ | ushukela /uʃuˈkɛːla/ | iswekile /isweˈkiːle/ | shukela /ʃukela/ | chukela /tʃukela/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ |
| Апельсин | orentji /orentʃi/ | — | iwolintshi /iwolintʃi/ | iorenji /iorendʒi/ | — | lamula /lamula/ | olenji /olendʒi/ |
| 99 | amatjhumi alithoba nethoba /amatʃʰumi alitʰoɓa netʰoɓa/ | amatshumi aficamunwemunye lesificamunwemunye /amatʃumi afiǀamunwemunje lesifiǀamunwemunje/ | amashumi ayisishiyagalolunye nesishiyagalolunye /amaʃumi ajisiʃijaɡaloˈluɲe nesiʃijaɡaloˈluɲe/ | amashumi asithoba anesithoba /amaʃumi asitʰɔɓa anesitʰɔɓa/ | emashumi layimfica nemfica /emaʃumi lajimfiǀa nemfiǀa/ | makume nkaye nkaye /makume ŋkaje ŋkaje/ | — |
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