Nuxalk
Salisch
Nuxalk (Bella Coola) ist die einzige noch lebende Salish-Sprache an der zentralen Küste British Columbias und phonologisch berühmt dafür, ganze Wörter ohne phonemische Vokale zuzulassen (kanonisches Beispiel xłp̓x̣ʷłtłpłłskʷc̓ „damals hatte er eine Bunchberry-Pflanze besessen“) — Obstruenten (Frikative, Verschlusslaute) fungieren selbst als Silbenkerne. Nur etwa 17 fließende Sprecher sind übrig.
Wo die Sprache gesprochen wird
Nuxalk: 87 Kernwörter
Quellen
- Nater, H.F. (1984) The Bella Coola Language (Canadian Museum of Civilization, Mercury Series 92)
- Bagemihl, Bruce (1991) "Syllable structure in Bella Coola" Linguistic Inquiry 22:589-646
- FirstVoices Nuxalk archive
- Glottolog: Bella Coola
- Ethnologue: blc
Wörter im Vergleich
Verglichen mit verwandten Sprachen: Salisch
| Bedeutung | Nuxalk | Wichita | Squamish | Lardil | Ubychisch | Urmaya | Dyirbal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wasser | qla /qla/ | kicʔa /kitsʔa/ | stáḵw /staqʷ/ | nguka /ŋuka/ | bzə /bzə/ | *haʔ /haʔ/ | bana /ˈbana/ |
| Feuer | niiχʷ /niːχʷ/ | heːcʔa /heːtsʔa/ | sḵwiḵw /sqʷiqʷ/ | nyuda /ɲuda/ | mzʼə /mzʼə/ | *qʼaaqʼ /qʼaaqʼ/ | buni /ˈbuni/ |
| Sonne | snχ /snχ/ | saːkhirʔa /saːkʰiɾʔa/ | snéḵwem /sneqʷəm/ | warrka /waɾka/ | dəɣʷa /dəɣʷa/ | *qʼiinh /qʼiinh/ | garri /ˈɡari/ |
| Mond | ƛ̓ukʼ /tɬʼukʼ/ | waːh /waːh/ | lh7álha /ɬʔaɬa/ | kirdikir /kiɖikir/ | mazə /mazə/ | *uːh /uːh/ | gagara /ɡaˈɡara/ |
| Stern | mixmikʼł /mixmikʼɬ/ | hiːkwirikʔa /hiːkʷiɾikʔa/ | kwekwtsi7 /kʷəkʷtsiʔ/ | kuwa thungal /kuwa θuŋal/ | tʃʷʼakʲ /tʃʷʼakʲʼ/ | *eʼq /eʼq/ | gijiny /ɡiɟiɲ/ |
| Nacht | ʔnƛ̓ /ʔntɬʼ/ | ckhaːrʔa /tskʰaːɾʔa/ | nat /nat/ | nata /nata/ | śwa /ɕʷa/ | *aqʼabʼ /aqʼaɓ/ | jagun /ɟaɡun/ |
| Regen | sʔałwlał /sʔaɬwlaɬ/ | — | — | — | — | *nhabʼ /ŋaɓ/ | gambal /ˈɡambal/ |
| Schnee | pqʼʷ /pqʷʼ/ | hiraːʔa /hiɾaːʔa/ | máḵa7 /maqaʔ/ | — | źʷadzə /ʑʷadzə/ | — | — |
| Erde | kułulmx /kuɬulmx/ | — | temíxw /təmixʷ/ | — | tɕʰʷaʁˤʷə /tɕʰʷaʁˤʷə/ | *chʼohchʼ /tʃʼohtʃʼ/ | jaju /ˈɟaɟu/ |
| Stein | tʼχt /tʼχt/ | — | smant /smant/ | — | laqa /laqa/ | *ʔaʔbʼaj /ʔaʔbʼaj/ | diban /ɟiban/ |
| Berg | smt /smt/ | — | smánit /smanit/ | — | — | *witz /wits/ | gambil /ˈɡambil/ |
| Meer | sulut /sulut/ | — | — | — | ʃʷa /ʃʷa/ | — | — |
| Mutter | stan /stan/ | eciyeːh /etsijeːh/ | chésha7 /tʃeʃaʔ/ | ngama /ŋama/ | nan /nan/ | *naʔ /naʔ/ | yabu /ˈjabu/ |
| Vater | man /man/ | taːtah /taːtah/ | smas /smas/ | kantha /kan̪t̪a/ | tʷə /tʷə/ | *taat /taat/ | nguma /ˈŋuma/ |
| Ich | ʔnc /ʔnts/ | nacʔih /natsʔih/ | en /ʔən/ | ngada /ŋada/ | sʁʷa /sʁʷa/ | *in /in/ | ngaja /ŋaɟa/ |
| Du | ʔinu /ʔinu/ | nasʔih /nasʔih/ | chexw /tʃəxʷ/ | nyingki /ɲiŋki/ | wʁʷa /wʁʷa/ | *ʔat /ʔat/ | nginda /ŋinda/ |
| Wir | łmił /ɬmiɬ/ | — /—/ | numalh /numaɬ/ | ngakuli / nyali /ŋakuli / ɲali/ | ʃʁʷała /ʃʁʷaɬa/ | — /—/ | ngana /ŋana/ |
| Name | skʷacta /skʷatsta/ | hissaːrʔa /hissaːɾʔa/ | sna /sna/ | nyunda /ɲunda/ | pʼtsʼa /pʼtsʼa/ | *bʼih /bʼih/ | yidyi /jiɟi/ |
| Mensch | ƛ̓msta /tɬʼmsta/ | ihaas /ihaas/ | stélmexw /stelməxʷ/ | — | — | *winaq /winaq/ | — |
| Kopf | tʼnχʷ /tʼnχʷ/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Auge | qluqʼs /qluqʼs/ | kirikʔa /kiɾikʔa/ | ḵlum̓ /qlumʔ/ | kuwa /kuwa/ | bla /bla/ | *Haty /hatʲ/ | gayga /ˈɡajɡa/ |
| Ohr | tanksta /tanksta/ | — | — | — | laqʼʷəma /laqʼʷəma/ | *xikin /ʃikin/ | manga /ˈmaŋa/ |
| Nase | maaχsa /maːχsa/ | — | — | — | fatɕʼa /fatɕʼa/ | *nhiiʔ /ŋiːʔ/ | guwu /ˈɡuwu/ |
| Mund | cucn /tsutsn/ | — | — | — | tʃʼa /tʃʼa/ | *tyiiʔ /tʲiːʔ/ | — |
| Zahn | ʔica /ʔitsa/ | aːkʔa /aːkʔa/ | yenis /jənis/ | kadma leman /kadma leman/ | cakʼə /tsakʼʲə/ | *ʔeeh /ʔeːh/ | dirra /dira/ |
| Zunge | tica /titsa/ | hacʼa /hatsʔa/ | alhthal /aɬθaɬ/ | jalda leman /dʒalda leman/ | bza /bʒa/ | *aaqʼ /aːqʼ/ | jalnggulay /ɟalŋɡulaj/ |
| Hand | suxa /suxa/ | iskʔa /iskʔa/ | chálash /tʃalaʃ/ | marlda /maɭda/ | ɂa /ʔa/ | *qʼabʼ /qʼabʼ/ | mala /ˈmala/ |
| Fuß | ʼixa /ʔixa/ | asʔa /asʔa/ | — | jaa /dʒaː/ | ła:pʼa /ɬaːpʼa/ | *ʔooq /ʔoːq/ | jina /ˈɟina/ |
| Herz | skcułk /sktsuɬk/ | sikicʔa /sikitsʔa/ | stúlich /stulitʃ/ | bulja /buldʒa/ | gʷə /ɡʷə/ | — /—/ | rulgu /ˈɻulɡu/ |
| Knochen | cap /tsap/ | kiːsʔa /kiːsʔa/ | shaw7 /ʃawʔ/ | kadma /kadma/ | pqë /pqə/ | *bʼaaq /ɓaːq/ | wurmbur /ˈwurmbur/ |
| Blut | six /six/ | waːckicʔa /waːtskitsʔa/ | sthathin /sθaθin/ | kanda /kanda/ | ła /ɬa/ | *kikʼ /kikʼ/ | waguli /waɡuli/ |
| Liebe | — /—/ | — /—/ | néxwsa /nexʷsa/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Baum | stn /stn/ | tiyaːhkw /tijaːhkʷ/ | stsékʼas /stsekʼas/ | thungal /θuŋal/ | ɣʷənə /ɣʷənə/ | *teʔ /teʔ/ | yugu /ˈjuɡu/ |
| Hund | wacʼ /watsʼ/ | kiciyeːh /kitsijeːh/ | sḵwemáy̓ /sqʷəmajʔ/ | ngawa /ŋawa/ | la /la/ | *tzʼiʔ /tzʼiʔ/ | guda /ˈɡuda/ |
| Katze | — /—/ | — /—/ | pus /pus/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Fisch | smłk /smɬk/ | kaːcʔa /kaːtsʔa/ | stsʼúḵwi7 /stsʼuqʷiʔ/ | yaka /jaka/ | psa /psa/ | *kar /kar/ | jabu /ˈɟabu/ |
| Vogel | ciccipii /tsitstsipiː/ | ichir /itsʰiɾ/ | — | — | ʁʷəndʷə /ʁʷəndʷə/ | *tzʼikin /tzʼikin/ | dundu /ˈdundu/ |
| Schmetterling | mamayu /mamaju/ | — | — | — | χapʼraːɕʷa /χapʼraːɕʷa/ | *pehpen /pehpen/ | — |
| Ei | qpʼa /qpʼa/ | nikwiːkʔa /nikʷiːkʔa/ | — | — | — | — | bambu /bambu/ |
| Bär | ƛ̓a /tɬʼa/ | — | míx̱alh /miχaɬ/ | — | məšwa /məʃʷa/ | — | — |
| Pferd | ałχapaliikʷ /aɬχapaliːkʷ/ | — | — | — | čʰʲə /tʃʰʲə/ | — | — |
| Haus | suł /suɬ/ | akhaːrʔa /akʰaːɾʔa/ | lámʼ /lamʔ/ | ngambirr /ŋambir/ | tʷəna /tʷəna/ | *nah /nah/ | mija /ˈmiɟa/ |
| Salz | stʼs /stʼs/ | — | tlʼálhem /tɬʼaɬəm/ | — | ǯʲə /dʒʲə/ | *ʔaʔtzʼaam /ʔaʔtsʼaːm/ | — |
| Eisen | — /—/ | — | — | — | wəcʼwa /wətsʼʷa/ | — | — |
| Buch | ałqʷuł /aɬqʷuɬ/ | — | — | — | ʃʷəqʼa /ʃʷəqʼa/ | *huʔnh /huʔŋ/ | — |
| Essen | ʔałps /ʔaɬps/ | kaʔac /kaʔats/ | i7iyím /iʔijim/ | jitha /dʒiθa/ | f /f/ | *waʔ /waʔ/ | janggay /ˈɟaŋɡaj/ |
| Trinken | qaaχla /qaːχla/ | kikʔa /kikʔa/ | qʼemél7chen /qʼemʔeɬtʃen/ | kurdama /kuɖama/ | dzʷa /dzʷa/ | *ʔukʼ /ʔukʼ/ | gunyjal /ˈɡuɲɟal/ |
| Schlafen | cituma /tsituma/ | — | — | — | tɕʰʷa /tɕʰʷa/ | *war /war/ | bungil /ˈbuŋil/ |
| Eins | maw /maw/ | chiʔass /tsʰiʔass/ | nchʼa7 /ntʃʼaʔ/ | warnge /waɾŋe/ | za /za/ | *jun /jun/ | yunggul /ˈjuŋɡul/ |
| Zwei | łnuus /ɬnuːs/ | wic /wits/ | án7us /ˈʔanʔus/ | kiyarrng /kijaɾŋ/ | tqʷʼa /tqʷʼa/ | *kaʼ /kaʼ/ | bulay /ˈbulaj/ |
| Drei | ʔasmuus /ʔasmuːs/ | taw /taw/ | chánat /tʃanat/ | mungkalan /muŋkalan/ | śa /ɕa/ | *ʼoxibʼ /ʔoʃiɓ/ | garbu /ɡaɻbu/ |
| Vier | muus /muːs/ | taːkwic /taːkʷits/ | x̱a7útsen /χaʔutsən/ | — | pʼɬʼə /pʼɬʼə/ | *kaŋibʼ /kaŋiɓ/ | — |
| Fünf | cʼixʷ /tsʼixʷ/ | — | tsíyichis /tsijitʃis/ | — | šxə /ʃχə/ | *hoʔ /hoʔ/ | — |
| Hundert | — /—/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Hallo | — /—/ | — /—/ | chen kwenmántumi /tʃen kʷenmantumi/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Danke | — /—/ | — /—/ | huy chexw a /huj tʃexʷ a/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Gut | ya /ja/ | acs /atss/ | éy /ej/ | kuba /kuba/ | ʈʂʼa /ʈʂʼa/ | *utz /utz/ | jigil /ˈɟiɡil/ |
| Neu | ciχ /tsiχ/ | — | — | — | — | *ʔa(a)kʼ /ʔakʼ/ | gunyu /ˈɡuɲu/ |
| Rot | mukʷ /mukʷ/ | kwhaːc /kʷʰaːts/ | kʷəlqʷ /kʷəlqʷ/ | kandukan /kandukan/ | pɬaʒʲa /pɬaʒʲa/ | *kaq /kaq/ | gunggu /ɡuŋɡu/ |
| Weiß | cʼχʷ /tsʼχʷ/ | — | pʼeḵʼ /pʼəqʼ/ | — | — | *saq /saq/ | — |
| Schwarz | skʼx /skʼx/ | — | ḵʼex̱ ḵʼíx̱ /qʼəχ qʼiχ/ | — | dʒa /dʒa/ | *ʔejqʼ /ʔejqʼ/ | — |
| Grün | qʷli /qʷli/ | — | tlʼestlʼís /tɬʼəstɬʼis/ | — | ʁˤaqʼa /ʁˤaqʼa/ | *raʔx /raʔʃ/ | — |
| Blau | qʷit /qʷit/ | — | skwáyel /skʷajəl/ | — | ʁˤaqʼa /ʁˤaqʼa/ | — | — |
| Tee | tii /tiː/ | — | ti7 /tiʔ/ | — | — | — | — |
| Kaffee | kupi /kupi/ | — | kapí /kapi/ | — | kʼahwa /kʼahwa/ | — | — |
| Zucker | sukwa /sukʷa/ | — | — | — | šakʲar /ʃakʰʲar/ | — | — |
Seite 1/9
Die interaktive Karte öffnen: Word Map · HanMap · Name Map · Word Order · Tree
Teil von LangMap — einem Projekt zur Sprachvisualisierung. Dies ist eine statische, crawlbare Zusammenfassung; die interaktiven Karten bieten Ausspracheaudio, Filter und eine Globusansicht.
Erstellt von Heuron Inc. · GitHub · cho@heuron.com · LangMap Startseite