Ngunnawal
Pama-Nyunga
Ngunnawal (auch Ngunawal, Yuin) ist eine Pama-Nyunga-Sprache der Yuin-Kuric-Untergruppe, die traditionelle Sprache des Ngunnawal-Volkes des Australian Capital Territory und des umliegenden südöstlichen New South Wales. Das Ngunnawal Country umfasst das gesamte Canberra-Becken und das Plateau des Yass Valley. Die letzten fließenden L1-Sprecher starben Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts nach schwerer kolonialer Zerrüttung, doch der United Ngunnawal Elders Council und das ACT Aboriginal Language Centre führen seit den 1990er Jahren eine aktive Wiederbelebung in der Gemeinschaft an, mit etwa 5.000 Erbe-Lernenden durch Schulprogramme an der Australian National University und an öffentlichen Schulen des ACT. Der traditionelle Ngunnawal-Wortschatz überlebt in Ortsnamen der Region Canberra (Tidbinbilla, Tuggeranong, Murrumbidgee) und wird zunehmend bei Begrüßungszeremonien und auf öffentlicher Beschilderung im ACT verwendet.
Wo die Sprache gesprochen wird
Ngunnawal: 87 Kernwörter
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Wörter im Vergleich
Verglichen mit verwandten Sprachen: Pama-Nyunga
| Bedeutung | Ngunnawal | Wiradjuri | Nhanda | Martu Wangka | Pintupi-Luritja | Pitjantjatjara | Walmajarri |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wasser | kungal /kuŋal/ | galing /ˈɡaliŋ/ | kapi /kapi/ | kapi /kapi/ | kapi /kapi/ | kapi /kapi/ | ngapa /ˈŋapa/ |
| Feuer | warba /waɻba/ | wiiny /wiːɲ/ | warla /waɻla/ | waru /waɻu/ | waru /waɻu/ | waru /waɻu/ | warlu /ˈwaɭu/ |
| Sonne | winyu /wiɲu/ | yiray /ˈjiɻaj/ | wurʼa /wuɾʔa/ | jirntu /ciɳʈu/ | tjintu /cintu/ | tjintu /cintu/ | purangu /puɻaŋu/ |
| Mond | birrang /biɻaŋ/ | giwang /ˈɡiwaŋ/ | kanyala /kaɲala/ | panyalpa /paɲalpa/ | pira /piɻa/ | pira /piɻa/ | yakarn /jakaɳ/ |
| Stern | dyurra /ɟura/ | giralang /ˈɡiɻalaŋ/ | indiya /indija/ | kurtalya /kuʈaʎa/ | kililpi /kiˈlilpi/ | kililpil /kiˈlilpil/ | wirl /wiɭ/ |
| Nacht | kaku /kaku/ | ngurung /ˈŋuruŋ/ | maru /maru/ | munga /muŋa/ | munga /muŋa/ | munga /muŋa/ | pukanya /pukaɲa/ |
| Regen | garrit /ɡaɻit/ | — | pundu /pundu/ | — | — | mina /ˈmina/ | ngapa /ˈŋapa/ |
| Erde | dhaura /d̪auɻa/ | dhaagun /ˈd̪aːɡun/ | — | manta /manta/ | manta /manta/ | manta /manta/ | nguwa /ˈŋuwa/ |
| Stein | wullung /wuluŋ/ | walang /ˈwalaŋ/ | — | yapu /japu/ | puḻi /puɭi/ | apu /apu/ | pamarr /ˈpamar/ |
| Mutter | guni /ɡuni/ | gunhi /ˈɡun̪i/ | ngamaji /ŋamadʒi/ | yipi /jipi/ | ngunytju /ŋuɲcu/ | ngunytju /ŋuɲcu/ | ngamaji /ŋaˈmaɟi/ |
| Vater | pumba /pumba/ | babiin /ˈbabiːn/ | kuthurra /kutʰuɻa/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | ngarpu /ŋaɻpu/ |
| Ich | ngaya /ŋaja/ | ngadhu /ˈŋad̪u/ | ngayi /ŋaji/ | ngayu /ŋaju/ | ngayulu /ŋajulu/ | ngayulu /ŋajulu/ | ngaju /ŋaɟu/ |
| Du | ngindu /ŋindu/ | ngindhu /ˈŋind̪u/ | nyini /ɲini/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ |
| Wir | gulanyin / gulanyilla /ɡulaɲin / ɡulaɲila/ | ngiyani /ŋiˈjani/ | ngayinu /ŋajinu/ | — /—/ | nganana /ŋanaɳa/ | nganana /ŋanaɳa/ | ngalimpa / nganimpa /ŋalimpa / ŋanimpa/ |
| Name | yini /jini/ | yuwin /ˈjuwin/ | yini /jini/ | yini /jini/ | yini /jini/ | ini /ini/ | yini /jini/ |
| Mensch | wurrunbill /wuɻunbil/ | gibirr /ˈɡibir/ | arnmanu /aɳmanu/ | martu /maʈu/ | yanangu /janaŋu/ | aṉangu /aɳaŋu/ | piyirn /ˈpijiɳ/ |
| Kopf | guddagong /ɡuddaɡoŋ/ | balang /ˈbalaŋ/ | — | kata /kata/ | kata /kata/ | kata /kata/ | jurlu /ˈɟuɭu/ |
| Auge | mil /mil/ | mil /mil/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | mil /mil/ |
| Ohr | guri /ɡuɻi/ | wuudha /ˈwuːd̪a/ | wurtka /wuʈka/ | pina /pina/ | pina /pina/ | pina /pɪnɐ/ | pina /ˈpina/ |
| Nase | nyigity /ɲiɡiɟ/ | muurruu /ˈmuːruː/ | muttha /mut̪a/ | mulya /muʎa/ | mulya /muʎa/ | mulya /ˈmulja/ | punul /ˈpunul/ |
| Mund | dhambir /d̪ambiɻ/ | ngayn /ŋajn/ | ngarnmanu /ŋaɳmanu/ | jaa /caː/ | tjaa /caː/ | tjaa /caː/ | — |
| Zahn | weera /weːra/ | yirrang /ˈjiraŋ/ | idaji /idadʒi/ | yirra /jira/ | katiti /katiti/ | katiti /katiti/ | lirra /lira/ |
| Zunge | dalang /dalaŋ/ | dhalayn /ˈd̪alajn/ | thalanyu /t̪alaɲu/ | jarlinypa /caɭiɲpa/ | tjalinypa /caliɲpa/ | tjalinypa /caliɲpa/ | jalany /ɟalaɲ/ |
| Hand | mara /maɻa/ | marra /ˈmara/ | mara /maɻa/ | mara /maɻa/ | mara /maɻa/ | mara /maɻa/ | kurrapa /kurapa/ |
| Fuß | dyinang /ɟinaŋ/ | dhinang /ˈd̪inaŋ/ | yina /jina/ | jina /cina/ | tjina /cina/ | tjina /cɪnɐ/ | jina /ˈɟina/ |
| Herz | gauar /ɡauar/ | giiny /ɡiːɲ/ | pulpara /pulpaɻa/ | kurturtu /kuʈuʈu/ | kututu /kututu/ | kurunpa /kuɻunpa/ | turlpu /ˈtuɭpu/ |
| Knochen | wiak /wiak/ | dhabal /ˈd̪abal/ | mambu /mambu/ | tarrka /tarka/ | tarrka /taɾka/ | tarka /taɻka/ | kiji /kiɟi/ |
| Blut | guruba /ɡuruba/ | guuwayn /ˈɡuːwajn/ | nguba /ŋuba/ | miji /miɟi/ | milkali /milkali/ | milkali /milkali/ | nungu /nuŋu/ |
| Kacke | gunung /ɡunuŋ/ | guunang /ˈɡuːnaŋ/ | wuna /wuna/ | — | kuna /kuna/ | kuna /kuna/ | kura /ˈkuɻa/ |
| Liebe | marmit /maɻmit/ | — /—/ | kanyji /kaɲdʒi/ | mukulyu /mukuʎu/ | mukulya /mukuʎa/ | mukulya /mukuʎa/ | — /—/ |
| Baum | warabi /waɻabi/ | madhan /ˈmad̪an/ | parntany /paɳʈaɲ/ | warta /waʈa/ | punu /punu/ | punu /punu/ | mana /mana/ |
| Hund | mirri /miɻi/ | mirri /ˈmiri/ | kuwiyarl /kuwijaɻl/ | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | kunyarr /kuˈɲar/ |
| Katze | poosi /puːsi/ | — /—/ | paka /paka/ | — /—/ | pusi /pusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | miyawu /mijawu/ |
| Fisch | kuya /kuja/ | guuya /ˈɡuːja/ | wiitya /wiːca/ | yurta /juʈa/ | piitji /piːʈi/ | antipina /antipina/ | kapi /kapi/ |
| Vogel | budyan /buɟan/ | buujaan /ˈbuːɟaːn/ | — | pilurnpa /piluɳpa/ | tjuḻpu /cuɭpu/ | tjulpu /ˈcuɭpu/ | jiriki /ˈɟiɻiki/ |
| Ei | gubbong /ɡubboŋ/ | gabuuga /ˈɡabuːɡa/ | — | ngampu /ŋampu/ | ngampu /ŋampu/ | ngampu /ŋampu/ | kampiny /kampiɲ/ |
| Haus | kuni /kuni/ | ngurang /ˈŋuɻaŋ/ | nhurra /ɳuɻa/ | ngurra /ŋura/ | ngurra /ŋuɾa/ | ngura /ŋuɻa/ | mayaru /majaɻu/ |
| Honig | kawangkal /kawaŋkal/ | ngarruu /ˈŋaruː/ | — | karluwari /kaɭuwaɻi/ | ngalypuru /ŋaʎpuɻu/ | tjuratja /ˈcuɾaca/ | karlaka /ˈkaɭaka/ |
| Essen | daring /daɻiŋ/ | dharra /ˈd̪ara/ | ngarna /ŋaɻna/ | ngalku- /ŋalku/ | ngalkuni /ŋalkuni/ | ngalkuni /ŋalkuni/ | ngarnu /ŋaɳu/ |
| Trinken | nyu /ɲu/ | widyarra /ˈwiɟara/ | nyuna /ɲuna/ | jikirnu /cikiɳu/ | tjikini /cikini/ | tjikini /cikini/ | ngarnu /ŋaɳu/ |
| Schlafen | ngambori /ŋamboɻi/ | — | wuupata /wuːpata/ | kunyalarri- /kuɲalari/ | kunkunpa /kunkunpa/ | kunkunarinyi /kuŋkunaɻiɲi/ | manyan /ˈmaɲan/ |
| Eins | meddhung /med̪uŋ/ | ngumbaay /ˈŋumbaːj/ | kuyu /kuju/ | kuju /kucu/ | kutju /kucu/ | kutju /kucu/ | layi /laji/ |
| Zwei | bula /bula/ | bula /ˈbula/ | wuthada /wut̪ada/ | kujarra /kucara/ | kutjarra /kucaɾa/ | kutjara /kucaɻa/ | kurriny /kuriɲ/ |
| Drei | bula mittong /bula mitoŋ/ | bula-ngumbaay /ˈbulaŋumbaːj/ | marnngurdu /maɳŋuɖu/ | yurri /juri/ | tjirripala /ciripala/ | maṉkurpa /maɳkuɻpa/ | mungkartu /muŋkaʈu/ |
| Hallo | yumalundi /jumalundi/ | yaama /ˈjaːma/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | palya /paʎa/ | palya /paʎa/ | — /—/ |
| Danke | miyamala /mijamala/ | mandaang guwu /ˈmandaːŋ ˈɡuwu/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | palya /paʎa/ | palya /paʎa/ | — /—/ |
| Gut | walunga /waluŋa/ | marang /ˈmaɻaŋ/ | walykumarra /waʎkumaɻa/ | palya /paʎa/ | palya /paʎa/ | palya /paʎa/ | wulyu /wuʎu/ |
| Rot | dhiram-dhiram /d̪iɾamd̪iɾam/ | girri-girri /ˈɡiriɡiri/ | marniwidi /maɳiwidi/ | miji-miji /miɟimiɟi/ | yulpa /julpa/ | tjitintjitinpa /tʃitintʃitinpa/ | ngirljarti /ŋiɭɟaʈi/ |
| Weiß | daguru-gurag /daɡuɾuɡuɾaɡ/ | barrabarra /ˈbarabara/ | wilidi /wilidi/ | ngintarlpa /ŋintaɭpa/ | piranpa /piɾanpa/ | piranpa /piɾanpa/ | parpjarti /ˈpaɻpɟaɻti/ |
| Schwarz | buru-bura /buɻubuɻa/ | buudhang /ˈbuːd̪aŋ/ | — | — | maru /maɻu/ | maṟu /maɻu/ | kurnkurn /kuɳkuɳ/ |
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