Sarnāmi

Caribbean Hindustani

Indo-European

FamilyIndo-European Speakers~165K ScriptLatin CountriesSuriname Official inNo (Dutch is the sole official language of Suriname; Sarnami is a widely spoken home language) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3hns

Caribbean Hindustani (Sarnami in Suriname, Trinidad Bhojpuri/Trinidad Hindustani in Trinidad) is an Indo-Aryan language descended from the Bhojpuri-speaking indentured laborers brought to the Caribbean by British and Dutch colonial powers between the 1830s and 1917 to work on sugar plantations after the abolition of slavery. The Bhojpuri-Awadhi origins of these indentured laborers (most from Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and the Nepalese terai) shaped the development of Caribbean Hindustani as a creolized variety closer to Bhojpuri than to Standard Hindi. The largest community is in Suriname, where Sarnami Hindustani is the second-most-spoken language after Sranan Tongo, with about 150,000 speakers. Smaller communities exist in Trinidad, Guyana, and the Netherlands (where Surinamese Hindustani migrants have significant populations).

Where it is spoken

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87 core words in Caribbean Hindustani

Water

paani

paːni

Fire

aag

aːɡ

Sun

suuraj

suːɾədʒ

Moon

caand

tʃãːd

Star

tarai

tərai

Night

raat

raːt

Rain

barkha

bərkʰaː

Snow

baraf

bəɾəf

Wind

hawa

ɦəʋaː

Earth

mati

maːʈiː

Stone

patthar

ˈpətʰər

Mountain

pahaar

pəɦaːr

Sea

samundar

səmundər

Mother

mai

mai

Father

baap

baːp

Daughter

beti

beːʈiː

I

ham

ɦəm

You

tuu

tuː

We

hamlog

ɦəmloɡ

Name

naam

naːm

Person

manai

mənai

Head

muri

muːɽiː

Eye

ankh

ãːkʰ

Ear

kaan

kaːn

Nose

naak

naːk

Mouth

muh

mũːh

Tooth

daant

dãːt

Tongue

jiibh

dʒiːbʱ

Hand

haat

haːt

Foot

gor

ɡoːɽ

Heart

dil

dil

Bone

haddi

həɖːiː

Blood

khun

xuːn

Love

piaar

piaːr

Tree

ped

peɽ

Dog

kuttaa

kuttaː

Cat

billii

billiː

Fish

machhri

mətʃʰriː

Bird

chirai

tʃirai

Egg

anda

əɳɖaː

Bear

bhaaluu

bʱaːluː

Horse

ghora

ɡʱoːɽaː

House

ghar

ɡʱar

Milk

dudh

duːdʱ

Honey

madh

madʱ

Salt

namak

nəmək

Wine

wien

win

Iron

lohaa

loɦaː

Book

pustak

pustək

Eat

khaae

kʰaːe

Drink

pi

pi

One

ek

ek

Two

dui

dui

Three

tiin

tiːn

Four

chaar

tʃaːr

Five

paanch

pãːtʃ

Hundred

sau

səu

Hello

namaste

namaste

Thank you

dhanyabaad

dʱanjabaːd

Good

accha

atʃtʃʰa

New

nawa

nəʋaː

Red

laal

laːl

White

safed

səfeːd

Black

karia

kəriaː

Green

hariar

ɦəriaːr

Blue

blaaw

blaːw

Sources

Words compared

Compared with languages in the same classification: Indo-European

Meaning Caribbean HindustaniFiji HindiAwadhiBhojpuriMagahiMaithiliHaryanvi
Water paani /paːni/ paani /paːni/ पानी /paːniː/ पानी /paːniː/ पानी /paːni/ पानि /paːni/ पाणी /paːɳiː/
Fire aag /aːɡ/ aagi /aːɡi/ आगि /aːɡi/ आगि /aːɡɪ/ आग /aːɡ/ आगि /aːɡi/ आग /aːɡ/
Sun suuraj /suːɾədʒ/ suraj /suːrədʒ/ सूरज /suːrədʒ/ सुरुज /suɾudʒ/ सूरज /suːrədʒ/ सूरज /suːrədʒ/ सूरज /suːɾədʒ/
Moon caand /tʃãːd/ chaand /tʃãːd/ चान /tʃaːn/ चान /tʃaːn/ चान /tʃaːn/ चान /tʃaːn/ चांद /tʃãːd/
Star tarai /tərai/ taaraa /taːraː/ तारा /taːraː/ तारा /taːɾaː/ तारा /taːraː/ तारा /taːraː/ तारा /taːɾaː/
Night raat /raːt/ raat /raːt/ राति /raːti/ राति /raːtɪ/ रात /raːt/ राति /raːti/ रात /raːt/
Rain barkha /bərkʰaː/ barsaat /bərsaːt/ बरखा /bərkʰaː/ बरखा /bəɾəkʰaː/ बरखा /bərkʰaː/ बरखा /bərkʰaː/ मींह /mĩː/
Snow baraf /bəɾəf/ baraf /bərəf/ बरफ /bəɾəf/ बरफ /bəɾəf/ बरफ /bərəf/ बरफ /bərəf/ बरफ /bəɾəf/
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