Nouormand

Norman

Indo-European

FamilyIndo-European Speakers~50K (severely endangered for island varieties) ScriptLatin CountriesUK Channel Islands Official inUK (Bailiwick of Jersey: Jèrriais recognized as a regional language with public support) Vitalityseverely endangered ISO 639-3nrf

Norman (Norman French) is an Oïl Romance language closely related to French, surviving primarily in the Channel Islands of Jersey (where it is called Jèrriais), Guernsey (Guernésiais), and Sark (Sercquiais), as well as on the Cotentin Peninsula of mainland Normandy in France. Linguistically, Norman is famous in the history of English for being the source of the Norman French linguistic influence on Old English following the 1066 Norman Conquest of England — Norman cat (Latin cattus) gave English cat, Norman castel gave English castle, etc. The historical Norman dialect of England died out by the 14th century but its lexical contributions to Modern English remain vast (~30% of English vocabulary is of Norman/French origin). Today, Channel Island Jèrriais is in serious decline with only ~3,000 mostly elderly speakers, despite some recent revival efforts via the Office du Jèrriais established in 1999.

Where it is spoken

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87 core words in Norman

Water

ieau

jo

Fire

feu

fø

Sun

solé

sɔle

Moon

leune

løn

Star

êtaile

etɛl

Night

niet

njɛ

Rain

plyie

pʎi

Snow

né

ne

Wind

vent

vɛ̃

Earth

tèrre

tɛr

Stone

pièrre

pjɛr

Mountain

montangne

mɔ̃ˈtaɲ

Sea

mé

me

Mother

mère

mɛːʁ

Father

père

pɛːʁ

Daughter

fil'ye

fiʎ

I

jé

ʒe

You

tu

ty

We

nous

nu

Name

nom

nɔ̃

Person

pèrsonne

pɛrsɔn

Head

tête

tɛːt

Eye

yi

ji

Ear

orêle

oʁɛl

Nose

nez

ne

Mouth

bouoche

bwɔʃ

Tooth

dent

dɑ̃

Tongue

langue

lɑ̃ɡ

Hand

main

mɛ̃

Foot

pid

pi

Heart

tcheu

tʃø

Bone

os

ɔs

Blood

sang

sɑ̃

Love

amour

amuʁ

Tree

arbre

aʁbʁ

Dog

tchian

tʃɑ̃

Cat

cat

ka

Fish

paîsson

pɛˈsɔ̃

Bird

ouaîsé

wɛze

Butterfly

papillote

papijɔt

Egg

oeu

ø

Horse

j'va

ʒva

House

maîson

mɛːzɔ̃

Milk

lait

lɛ

Honey

mié

mje

Salt

sé

se

Wine

vin

vɛ̃

Rice

riz

ri

Chocolate

chocolat

ʃokoˈla

Iron

fer

fɛr

Wheel

reue

rø

Silk

souaie

swɛ

Book

livre

livʁ

Eat

mangi

mɑ̃ʒi

Drink

baithe

bɛð

Sleep

dormi

dɔrˈmi

One

ieune

jøn

Two

deux

dø

Three

treis

tʁɛ

Four

quatre

kat

Five

chîn

ʃĩ

Hundred

chent

ʃɑ̃

Hello

bouônjour

bwɔ̃ʒuʁ

Thank you

mèsi

mɛsi

Good

boun

bun

New

nouvieau

nuvjo

Red

rouoge

ʁwɔdʒ

White

blianc

bljɑ̃

Black

nièr

njɛr

Green

vèrt

vɛr

Blue

bliu

bljø

Cuckoo

coucou

kuˈku

Tea

thée

te

Coffee

café

kafe

Sugar

chucre

ʃykr

Orange

orange

ɔʁɑ̃ʒ

At sign

à

a

Sources

Words compared

Compared with languages in the same classification: Indo-European

Meaning NormanJèrriaisGuernésiaisPicardSenegalese FrenchIvorian FrenchHaitian French
Water ieau /jo/ ieau /jo/ ieau /jo/ iau /jo/ eau /o/ eau /o/ eau /o/
Fire feu /fø/ feu /fø/ fû /fy/ fu /fy/ feu /fø/ feu /fø/ feu /fø/
Sun solé /sɔle/ solé /sɔˈle/ solé /sɔˈle/ solèl /sɔlɛl/ soleil /sɔlɛj/ soleil /sɔlɛj/ soleil /sɔlɛj/
Moon leune /løn/ leune /løːn/ leune /løːn/ lune /lyn/ lune /lyn/ lune /lyn/ lune /lyn/
Star êtaile /etɛl/ êtaile /etɛl/ ételle /etɛl/ étole /etɔl/ étoile /etwal/ étoile /etwal/ étoile /etwal/
Night niet /njɛ/ niet /njɛ/ niet /njɛ/ nuit /nɥi/ nuit /nɥi/ nuit /nɥi/ nuit /nɥi/
Rain plyie /pʎi/ plyie /pʎi/ pllie /pʎi/ pleuve /plœv/ pluie /plɥi/ pluie /plɥi/ pluie /plɥi/
Snow né /ne/ né /ne/ neis /nɛ/ nèges /nɛʒ/ neige /nɛʒ/ neige /nɛʒ/ neige /nɛʒ/
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