A Fala
Fala
Indo-European
Fala (A Fala de Xálima, "the speech of Xálima", or "the third Spanish language") is an Iberian Romance language of the Galician-Portuguese branch spoken in the Vall de Xálima of northwestern Cáceres province, Extremadura, Spain (the three "Lugares de Fala" villages: San Martín de Trevejo, Eljas, Valverde del Fresno). Fala has a complex genealogical relationship with Galician (gl) and Portuguese (pt), with strong evidence for a 13th-century Leonese reconquista resettlement bringing northwest Iberian Romance varieties to this Extremaduran outpost. Spain recognized Fala as a regional cultural heritage language in 2001. Distinct from Extremaduran (ext) — a Spanish-Asturian transition variety also of Cáceres but in different valleys. Each of the three Fala villages has its own variety: Xalimegu (San Martín), Lagarteiru (Eljas), Mañegu (Valverde del Fresno).
Where it is spoken
87 core words in Fala
Sources
Words compared
Compared with languages in the same classification: Indo-European
| Meaning | Fala | Galician | Extremaduran | Angolan Portuguese | Aragonese | Asturian | Mozambican Portuguese |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | augua /ˈaɡwa/ | auga /ˈawɣa/ | augua /ˈawɣwa/ | água /ˈaɡwɐ/ | augua /ˈawɡwa/ | agua /ˈaɣwa/ | água /ˈaɡwɐ/ |
| Fire | fogu /ˈfoɡu/ | lume /ˈlume/ | huegu /ˈhweɣu/ | fogo /ˈfoɡu/ | fuego /ˈfweɣo/ | fueu /ˈfweu/ | fogo /ˈfoɡu/ |
| Sun | sol /sɔl/ | sol /sɔl/ | sol /sɔl/ | sol /sɔl/ | sol /sol/ | sol /sol/ | sol /sɔl/ |
| Moon | lúa /ˈlua/ | lúa /ˈlua/ | luna /ˈluna/ | lua /ˈluɐ/ | luna /ˈluna/ | lluna /ˈʎuna/ | lua /ˈluɐ/ |
| Star | estrela /esˈtɾela/ | estrela /esˈtɾela/ | estrella /ehˈtɾeʎa/ | estrela /ɨʃˈtɾelɐ/ | estrela /esˈtɾela/ | estrella /esˈtɾeʎa/ | estrela /ɨʃˈtɾelɐ/ |
| Night | noiti /ˈnojti/ | noite /ˈnojte/ | nochi /ˈnotʃi/ | noite /ˈnojte/ | nueit /nweit/ | nueche /ˈnwetʃe/ | noite /ˈnojte/ |
| Rain | chuiva /tʃuiva/ | choiva /ˈtʃoi̯βa/ | lluvia /ˈʎuβja/ | chuva /ˈʃuvɐ/ | plevia /ˈplebja/ | lluvia /ˈʎuβja/ | chuva /ˈʃuvɐ/ |
| Snow | nevi /ˈnebi/ | neve /ˈneβe/ | ñevi /ˈɲeβi/ | neve /ˈnɛvɨ/ | nieu /ˈnjew/ | nieve /njeβe/ | neve /ˈnɛvɨ/ |
| Wind | ventu /ˈbentu/ | vento /ˈbento/ | ventu /ˈbentu/ | vento /ˈvẽtu/ | viento /ˈbjento/ | vientu /ˈbjentu/ | vento /ˈvẽtu/ |
| Earth | terra /tɛra/ | terra /ˈtɛra/ | tierra /ˈtjera/ | terra /ˈtɛʁɐ/ | tierra /ˈtjera/ | tierra /ˈtjera/ | terra /ˈtɛʁɐ/ |
| Stone | pedra /ˈpeðɾa/ | pedra /ˈpeðɾa/ | piedra /ˈpjeðɾa/ | pedra /ˈpɛðɾɐ/ | piedra /ˈpjeðɾa/ | piedra /ˈpjeðɾa/ | pedra /ˈpɛðɾɐ/ |
| Mountain | montaña /monˈtaɲa/ | montaña /monˈtaɲa/ | montaña /monˈtaɲa/ | montanha /mõˈtaɲɐ/ | montaña /monˈtaɲa/ | monte /ˈmonte/ | montanha /mõˈtaɲɐ/ |
| Sea | mar /maɾ/ | mar /maɾ/ | mar /maɾ/ | mar /maɾ/ | mar /maɾ/ | mar /maɾ/ | mar /maɾ/ |
| Mother | mai /mai/ | nai /naj/ | mai /mai/ | mãe /mɐ̃j/ | mai /maj/ | madre /ˈmaðɾe/ | mãe /mɐ̃j/ |
| Father | pai /pai/ | pai /paj/ | pairi /ˈpajɾi/ | pai /paj/ | pai /paj/ | padre /ˈpaðɾe/ | pai /paj/ |
| Daughter | filla /ˈfiʎa/ | filla /ˈfiʎa/ | ija /ˈiha/ | filha /ˈfiʎɐ/ | filla /ˈfiʎa/ | fía /ˈfia/ | filha /ˈfiʎɐ/ |
| I | eu /ew/ | eu /ew/ | yo /ʝo/ | eu /ew/ | yo /ʝo/ | yo /ʝo/ | eu /ew/ |
| You | tu /tu/ | ti /ti/ | tú /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ |
| We | nós /nɔʃ/ | nós /nɔs/ | nusotrus /nusoˈtɾus/ | nós /nɔʃ/ | nusatros /nuˈsatɾos/ | nosotros /noˈsotɾos/ | nós /nɔʃ/ |
| Name | nomi /ˈnomi/ | nome /ˈnome/ | nombri /ˈnombɾi/ | nome /ˈnomɨ/ | nombre /ˈnombɾe/ | nome /ˈnome/ | nome /ˈnomɨ/ |
| Person | pesoa /peˈsoa/ | persoa /pɛɾˈsoa/ | presona /pɾeˈsona/ | pessoa /pɨˈsoɐ/ | persona /peɾˈsona/ | persona /peɾˈsona/ | pessoa /pɨˈsoɐ/ |
| Head | cabeza /kaˈbeθa/ | cabeza /kaˈβeθa/ | cabeça /kaˈβesa/ | cabeça /kaˈbesɐ/ | cabeza /kaˈβeθa/ | cabeza /kaˈβeθa/ | cabeça /kɐˈbesɐ/ |
| Eye | ollu /ˈoʎu/ | ollo /ˈoʎo/ | oju /ˈohu/ | olho /ˈoʎu/ | uello /ˈweʎo/ | güeyu /ˈɡweʝu/ | olho /ˈoʎu/ |
| Ear | orella /oˈreʎa/ | orella /oˈreʎa/ | oreja /oˈɾexa/ | orelha /oˈɾeʎɐ/ | orella /oˈɾeʎa/ | oreya /oˈɾeʝa/ | orelha /oˈɾeʎɐ/ |
| Nose | nariz /naˈɾis/ | nariz /naˈɾiθ/ | narís /naˈɾis/ | nariz /naˈɾiʃ/ | naso /ˈnaso/ | nariz /naˈɾiθ/ | nariz /naˈɾiʃ/ |
| Mouth | boca /ˈboka/ | boca /ˈbɔka/ | boca /ˈboka/ | boca /ˈbokɐ/ | boca /ˈboka/ | boca /ˈboka/ | boca /ˈbokɐ/ |
| Tooth | diente /ˈðjente/ | dente /ˈdente/ | dienti /ˈdjenti/ | dente /ˈdẽte/ | dient /djent/ | diente /ˈdjente/ | dente /ˈdẽte/ |
| Tongue | léngua /ˈleŋwa/ | lingua /ˈliŋɡwa/ | luenga /ˈlweŋɡa/ | língua /ˈlĩɡwa/ | luenga /ˈlweŋɡa/ | llingua /ˈʎiŋɡwa/ | língua /ˈlĩɡwa/ |
| Hand | mau /mau/ | man /maŋ/ | manu /ˈmanu/ | mão /mɐ̃w/ | mano /ˈmano/ | mano /ˈmano/ | mão /mɐ̃w/ |
| Foot | pe /pɛ/ | pé /pɛ/ | pie /pje/ | pé /pɛ/ | piet /pjet/ | pie /pje/ | pé /pɛ/ |
| Heart | curaçón /kuɾaˈsɔn/ | corazón /koɾaˈθoŋ/ | curaçón /kuɾaˈsɔn/ | coração /kuɾɐˈsɐ̃w/ | corazón /koɾaˈθon/ | corazón /koɾaˈθon/ | coração /kuɾɐˈsɐ̃w/ |
| Bone | osu /ˈosu/ | óso /ˈɔso/ | güesu /ˈɡwesu/ | osso /ˈosu/ | güeso /ˈɣweso/ | güesu /ˈɡwesu/ | osso /ˈosu/ |
| Blood | sangri /ˈsaŋɡɾi/ | sangue /ˈsaŋɡe/ | sangri /ˈsaŋɡɾi/ | sangue /ˈsɐ̃ɡe/ | sangre /ˈsaŋɡɾe/ | sangre /ˈsaŋɡɾe/ | sangue /ˈsɐ̃ɡe/ |
| Poop | merda /ˈmeɾda/ | caca /ˈkaka/ | — | cocó /koˈkɔ/ | caca /ˈkaka/ | caca /ˈkaka/ | cocó /koˈkɔ/ |
| Love | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amol /aˈmol/ | amor /ɐˈmoɾ/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amor /ɐˈmoɾ/ |
| Tree | arbol /ˈaɾβol/ | árbore /ˈaɾβoɾe/ | arbol /ˈaɾβol/ | árvore /ˈaɾvuɾɨ/ | árbol /ˈaɾβol/ | árbol /ˈaɾβol/ | árvore /ˈaɾvuɾɨ/ |
| Dog | can /kan/ | can /kaŋ/ | perru /ˈperu/ | cão /kɐ̃w̃/ | can /kan/ | perru /ˈperu/ | cão /kɐ̃w/ |
| Cat | gatu /ˈɣatu/ | gato /ˈɡato/ | gatu /ˈɡatu/ | gato /ˈɡatu/ | gato /ˈɡato/ | gatu /ˈɡatu/ | gato /ˈɡatu/ |
| Fish | peixi /ˈpejʃi/ | peixe /ˈpejʃe/ | pexi /ˈpeʃi/ | peixe /ˈpejʃe/ | peix /pejʃ/ | pexe /ˈpeʃe/ | peixe /ˈpejʃe/ |
| Bird | páxaru /ˈpaʃaɾu/ | paxaro /ˈpaʃaɾo/ | páxaru /ˈpaxaɾu/ | pássaro /ˈpasaɾu/ | paxaro /paʃaɾo/ | páxaru /ˈpaʃaɾu/ | pássaro /ˈpasaɾu/ |
| Butterfly | maripoixha /maɾiˈpoiʒa/ | bolboreta /bolβoˈɾeta/ | — | borboleta /buɾbuˈletɐ/ | paxarela /paʃaˈɾela/ | caparina /kapaˈɾina/ | borboleta /buɾbuˈletɐ/ |
| Egg | ovu /ˈobu/ | ovo /ˈɔβo/ | güevu /ˈɡweβu/ | ovo /ˈovu/ | uego /ˈweɣo/ | güevu /ˈɡweβu/ | ovo /ˈovu/ |
| Horse | cabalu /kaˈbalu/ | cabalo /kaˈβalo/ | caballu /kaˈβaʎu/ | cavalo /kaˈvalu/ | caballo /kaˈβaʎo/ | caballu /kaˈβaʎu/ | cavalo /kɐˈvalu/ |
| House | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkazɐ/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkazɐ/ |
| Milk | leiti /ˈlejti/ | leite /ˈlejte/ | lechi /ˈletʃi/ | leite /ˈlejte/ | leit /lejt/ | lleche /ˈʎetʃe/ | leite /ˈlejte/ |
| Honey | mel /mɛl/ | mel /mɛl/ | miel /mjel/ | mel /mɛl/ | miel /mjel/ | miel /mjel/ | mel /mɛl/ |
| Salt | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ |
| Wine | viñu /ˈbiɲu/ | viño /ˈbiɲo/ | vinu /ˈbinu/ | vinho /ˈviɲu/ | vin /bin/ | vinu /ˈbinu/ | vinho /ˈviɲu/ |
| Rice | arró /aˈɾo/ | arroz /aˈɾoθ/ | arrós /aˈros/ | arroz /ɐˈʁoʃ/ | arroz /aˈroθ/ | arroz /aˈroθ/ | arroz /ɐˈʁoʃ/ |
| Chocolate | chocolati /tʃokoˈlati/ | chocolate /tʃokoˈlate/ | chocolati /tʃokoˈlati/ | chocolate /ʃukuˈlatɨ/ | chicolate /tʃikoˈlate/ | chicolate /tʃikoˈlate/ | chocolate /ʃukuˈlatɨ/ |
| Iron | ferru /ˈferu/ | ferro /ˈfɛro/ | hierru /ˈhjeru/ | ferro /ˈfɛʁu/ | fierro /ˈfjero/ | fierro /ˈfjero/ | ferro /ˈfɛʁu/ |
| Wheel | roa /ˈroa/ | roda /ˈrɔða/ | ruea /ˈrwea/ | roda /ˈʁɔdɐ/ | rueda /ˈrweða/ | rueda /ˈrweða/ | roda /ˈʁɔdɐ/ |
| Book | libru /ˈlibɾu/ | libro /ˈliβɾo/ | libru /ˈliβɾu/ | livro /ˈlivɾu/ | libro /ˈliβɾo/ | llibru /ˈʎiβɾu/ | livro /ˈlivɾu/ |
| Eat | cumel /kuˈmel/ | comer /koˈmeɾ/ | comel /koˈmel/ | comer /kuˈmeɾ/ | minchar /minˈtʃaɾ/ | comer /koˈmeɾ/ | comer /kuˈmeɾ/ |
| Drink | bebel /beˈβel/ | beber /beˈβeɾ/ | bebel /beˈβel/ | beber /bɨˈbeɾ/ | beber /beˈβeɾ/ | beber /beˈβeɾ/ | beber /bɨˈbeɾ/ |
| Sleep | durmir /durˈmir/ | durmir /duɾˈmiɾ/ | durmil /duɾˈmil/ | dormir /duɾˈmiɾ/ | dormir /dorˈmir/ | dormir /dorˈmir/ | dormir /duɾˈmiɾ/ |
| One | un /un/ | un /uŋ/ | un /un/ | um /ũ/ | un /un/ | ún /un/ | um /ũ/ |
| Two | dous /dows/ | dous /dows/ | dos /dos/ | dois /dojʃ/ | dos /dos/ | dos /dos/ | dois /dojʃ/ |
| Three | tres /tɾes/ | tres /tɾes/ | tres /tɾes/ | três /tɾeʃ/ | tres /tɾes/ | tres /tɾes/ | três /tɾeʃ/ |
| Four | cuatru /ˈkwatɾu/ | catro /ˈkatɾo/ | cuatru /ˈkwatɾu/ | quatro /ˈkwatɾu/ | quatro /ˈkwatɾo/ | cuatro /ˈkwatɾo/ | quatro /ˈkwatɾu/ |
| Five | cinco /ˈθiŋko/ | cinco /ˈθiŋko/ | cincu /ˈθiŋku/ | cinco /ˈsĩku/ | cinco /ˈθiŋko/ | cinco /ˈθiŋko/ | cinco /ˈsĩku/ |
| Hundred | cen /θeŋ/ | cen /θeŋ/ | cien /θjen/ | cem /sẽj̃/ | cient /θjent/ | cien /θjen/ | cem /sẽj̃/ |
| Hello | salú /saˈlu/ | ola /ˈɔla/ | salú /saˈlu/ | olá /ɔˈla/ | hola /ˈola/ | hola /ˈola/ | olá /ɔˈla/ |
| Thank you | gracias /ˈɣɾasjas/ | grazas /ˈɡɾaθas/ | gracias /ˈɣɾasjas/ | obrigado /obɾiˈɡadu/ | gracias /ˈɡɾaθjas/ | gracies /ˈɡɾaθjes/ | obrigado /obɾiˈɡadu/ |
| Good | bõ /bõ/ | bo /bɔ/ | güenu /ˈɡwenu/ | bom /bõ/ | bueno /ˈbweno/ | bonu /ˈbonu/ | bom /bõ/ |
| New | novu /ˈnobu/ | novo /ˈnɔβo/ | nuevu /ˈnweβu/ | novo /ˈnovu/ | nuevo /ˈnweβo/ | nuevu /ˈnweβu/ | novo /ˈnovu/ |
| Red | vermellu /beɾˈmeʎu/ | vermello /beɾˈmeʎo/ | coloráu /koloˈɾaw/ | vermelho /veɾˈmeʎu/ | royo /ˈrojo/ | bermeyu /beɾˈmeʝu/ | vermelho /veɾˈmeʎu/ |
| White | branco /bɾaŋko/ | branco /ˈbɾaŋko/ | blancu /ˈblaŋku/ | branco /ˈbɾɐ̃ku/ | blanco /ˈblaŋko/ | blancu /ˈblaŋku/ | branco /ˈbɾɐ̃ku/ |
| Black | negru /ˈneɡɾu/ | negro /ˈneɣɾo/ | negru /ˈneɣɾu/ | preto /ˈpɾetu/ | negro /ˈneɡɾo/ | negru /ˈneɣɾu/ | preto /ˈpɾetu/ |
| Green | verdi /ˈbeɾdi/ | verde /ˈbeɾðe/ | verdi /ˈbeɾði/ | verde /ˈveɾde/ | verde /ˈbeɾde/ | verde /ˈbeɾðe/ | verde /ˈveɾde/ |
| Cuckoo | cucu /ˈkuku/ | cuco /ˈkuko/ | cucu /ˈkuku/ | cuco /ˈkuku/ | cuculo /kuˈkulo/ | cuquiellu /kuˈkjeʎu/ | cuco /ˈkuku/ |
| Orange | laranxa /laˈɾaŋʃa/ | laranxa /laˈɾaŋʃa/ | naranja /naˈɾaŋha/ | laranja /laˈɾɐ̃ʒa/ | narancha /naˈɾantʃa/ | naranxa /naˈɾaŋʃa/ | laranja /lɐˈɾɐ̃ʒɐ/ |
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