Awajún chichám
Aguaruna
Jivaroan
L'aguaruna (Awajún chichám, «parlata awajún») è la maggiore lingua jivaroana, parlata da ~50.000-55.000 awajún nella regione di ecotono tra l'Amazzonia peruviana e le Ande. La famiglia jivaroana è una piccola famiglia sudamericana isolata di 4-5 lingue strettamente imparentate (shuar jiv, achuar acu, huambisa, shiwiar, awajún agr) il cui territorio d'origine si estende a cavallo del confine tra Perù ed Ecuador nel bacino del fiume Marañón. I parlanti awajún sono etnicamente imparentati con gli shuar ecuadoriani ma da essi linguisticamente distinti; l'intelligibilità reciproca è parziale. L'awajún ha conservato i tratti della famiglia jivaroana: vocali nasali, marcatori di focus, costruzioni classificatore-nome e un lessico etnobiologico esaustivo per la foresta pluviale. Il massacro di Bagua del 2009 ha richiamato l'attenzione internazionale sui diritti territoriali awajún.
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in aguaruna
Fonti
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: Jivaroan
| Significato | Aguaruna | Achuar | Shuar | Shipibo-Conibo | Aymara | Sena | Totonaco di Coyutla |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | yumi /jumi/ | yumi /jumi/ | yumi /jumi/ | jene /hɨnɨ/ | uma /uma/ | madzi /madzi/ | chúchut /tʃútʃut/ |
| Fuoco | jii /hiː/ | ji /hi/ | ji /hi/ | chii /tʃiː/ | nina /nina/ | moto /moto/ | lhkúyat /ɬkújat/ |
| Sole | etsá /ɨtsá/ | etsa /etsa/ | etsa /etsa/ | bari /baɾi/ | inti /inti/ | dzuwa /dzuwa/ | chichiní /tʃitʃiní/ |
| Luna | nántu /nántu/ | nantu /nantu/ | nantu /nantu/ | oxe /oʂɨ/ | phaxsi /pʰaχsi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ | papá /papá/ |
| Stella | yaya /jaja/ | yaa /jaː/ | yaa /jaː/ | wishti /wiʃtĩ/ | warawara /waɾawaɾa/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | staku /staku/ |
| Notte | kashi /kaʃi/ | kashi /kaʃi/ | kashi /kaʃi/ | yame /jamɨ/ | aruma /aruma/ | usiku /usiku/ | tsisní /tsisní/ |
| Pioggia | yumi /jumi/ | — | yumi /jumi/ | oi /oi/ | jallu /ˈxaʎu/ | mvura /mvura/ | sin /sin/ |
| Neve | nieve /ˈnjebe/ | — | — | — | khunu /kʰunu/ | neve /neve/ | — |
| Vento | dase /dasɨ/ | nase /nase/ | nase /nase/ | niwe /niwɨ/ | thaya /ˈtʰaja/ | mphepo /mpʰepo/ | uún /uún/ |
| Terra | nugka /nuɡka/ | nungka /nuŋka/ | nunka /nuŋka/ | mai /mai/ | uraqi /uɾaqi/ | mataka /mataka/ | tíyat /tíjat/ |
| Pietra | kaya /kaja/ | kaya /kaja/ | kaya /kaja/ | makan /makan/ | qala /ˈqala/ | mwala /mwala/ | chíwix /tʃíwiʃ/ |
| Montagna | nain /nain/ | mura /muɾa/ | náint /naint/ | manan /manan/ | qullu /quʎu/ | phiri /pʰiri/ | kestín /kestín/ |
| Mare | nayants /najants/ | juun entsa /huːn entsa/ | nayaants /najaants/ | aniparo /anipaɾo/ | lamara /lamara/ | bara /bara/ | pupunú /pupunú/ |
| Madre | dukú /dukú/ | nukur /nukuɾ/ | nukur /nukuɾ/ | tita /tita/ | mama /mama/ | mai /mai/ | tzí /tsí/ |
| Padre | apá /apá/ | apar /apaɾ/ | apar /apaɾ/ | papa /papa/ | tata /tata/ | baba /baba/ | tlat /tɬat/ |
| Figlia | nawan /nawan/ | nawantur /nawantuɾ/ | nawantur /nawantuɾ/ | bake ainbo /bake ãĩbo/ | phucha /pʰutʃa/ | mwana wankazi /mwana wankazi/ | tsumat /tsumat/ |
| Io | wi /wi/ | wi /wi/ | wi /wi/ | ea /ea/ | naya /naja/ | ine /ine/ | akit /akit/ |
| Tu | amé /amé/ | ame /ame/ | ame /ame/ | mia /mia/ | juma /xuma/ | iwe /iwe/ | wix /wiʃ/ |
| Noi | ii /iː/ | ii /iː/ | ii /iː/ | noa /noa/ | jiwasa / nanaka /xiwasa / nanaka/ | ife /ife/ | akinín /akinín/ |
| Nome | daaji /daːhi/ | naari /naːɾi/ | naari /naːɾi/ | jane /hanɨ/ | suti /suti/ | dzina /dzina/ | takuwiní /takuwiní/ |
| Persona | aents /aɨnts/ | aints /aints/ | aents /aents/ | joni /honi/ | jaqi /xaqi/ | munthu /muntʰu/ | — |
| Testa | buuk /buːk/ | muuk /muːk/ | muuk /muːk/ | mapo /mapo/ | pʼiqi /pʼiqi/ | nsolo /nsolo/ | akgxakga /aqʃaqa/ |
| Occhio | jíi /híː/ | jii /hiː/ | jii /hiː/ | bero /bɨɾo/ | nayra /najɾa/ | diso /diso/ | lakgastapu /laqastapu/ |
| Orecchio | kuwish /kuwiʃ/ | kuwish /kuwiʃ/ | kuish /kwiʃ/ | pabíki /pabiki/ | jinchu /xintʃu/ | khutu /kʰutu/ | takgén /taqén/ |
| Naso | nuji /nuhi/ | nuji /nuhi/ | nuji /nuhi/ | rekin /ɾɨkin/ | nasa /ˈnasa/ | mphuno /mpʰuno/ | — |
| Bocca | wenu /wɨnu/ | wene /wene/ | wene /wene/ | kexa /kɨʂa/ | laka /ˈlaka/ | nkanwa /nkanwa/ | kilhni /kiɬni/ |
| Dente | dai /dai/ | nai /nai/ | nai /nai/ | xeta /ʂɨta/ | lakʼa /lakʼa/ | dzino /dzino/ | tatsán /tatsán/ |
| Lingua | inai /inai/ | inai /inai/ | inai /inai/ | jana /hana/ | laxra /laχra/ | lirimi /lirimi/ | simakgat /simaqat/ |
| Mano | uwéj /uwéh/ | uwej /uweh/ | uwej /uweh/ | meken /mɨkɨn/ | ampara /ampaɾa/ | nkono /nkono/ | makán /makán/ |
| Piede | dawe /dawɨ/ | nawe /nawe/ | nawe /nawe/ | tae /taɨ/ | kayu /kaju/ | mwendo /mwendo/ | tantún /tantún/ |
| Cuore | anéntai /anɨ́ntai/ | enentai /enentai/ | enentai /enentai/ | joínti /hointi/ | chuyma /tʃujma/ | ntima /ntima/ | naku /naku/ |
| Osso | ukunch /ukuntʃ/ | ukunch /ukuntʃ/ | ukunch /ukuntʃ/ | xao /ʂao/ | chʼakha /tʃʼakʰa/ | gogodo /ɡoɡodo/ | lúkut /lúkut/ |
| Sangue | numpa /numpa/ | numpa /numpã/ | numpa /numpã/ | jimi /himi/ | wila /wila/ | malopa /malopa/ | kgalhni /qaɬni/ |
| Cacca | ija /iha/ | ija /iha/ | íjia /ˈihia/ | poi /poi/ | jama /xama/ | matubzwi /matubzwi/ | — |
| Amore | wakejut /wakɨhut/ | anentin /anentin/ | anentaiti /anentaiti/ | noi /noi/ | munasiña /munasiɲa/ | kufuna /kufuna/ | — /—/ |
| Albero | númi /númi/ | numi /numi/ | numi /numi/ | jiwi /hiwi/ | quqa /quqa/ | muti /muti/ | kiwi /kiwi/ |
| Cane | yawá /jawá/ | yawa /jawa/ | yawá /jaˈwa/ | ochiti /otʃiti/ | anu /anu/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | chichi /tʃitʃi/ |
| Gatto | bishu /biʃu/ | micha /mitʃa/ | míchik /ˈmitʃik/ | mishito /miʃito/ | phisi /pʰisi/ | paka /paka/ | mishtu /miʃtu/ |
| Pesce | namak /namak/ | namak /namak/ | namak /namak/ | yapa /japa/ | challwa /tʃaʎwa/ | omba /omba/ | skiti /skiti/ |
| Uccello | pishak /piʃak/ | chingki /tʃiŋki/ | chinki /tʃiŋki/ | isa /isa/ | jamachʼi /xamatʃʼi/ | mbalame /mbalame/ | spun /spun/ |
| Farfalla | wámpishuk /wámpiʃuk/ | shimpiampu /ʃimpiampu/ | wámpishuk /ˈwampiʃuk/ | pëpë /pɨ̃pɨ̃/ | pilpintu /pilpintu/ | bemberuwa /bemberuwa/ | — |
| Uovo | nujín /nuˈhin/ | nujin /nuhin/ | nujint /nuhint/ | bachi /batʃi/ | kʼawna /kʼawna/ | dzai /dzai/ | kálhwat /káɬwat/ |
| Orso | chayú /tʃajú/ | chayu /tʃaju/ | chai /tʃai/ | oso /oso/ | jukumari /xukumaɾi/ | urusu /urusu/ | oso /oso/ |
| Cavallo | kawayu /kawaju/ | kawai /kawai/ | kawai /kawai/ | kabayo /kabajo/ | kawallu /kawaʎu/ | kavalo /kavalo/ | kawayu /kawaju/ |
| Casa | jega /hɨɡa/ | jea /hea/ | jea /hea/ | xobo /ʂobo/ | uta /uta/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | chiki /tʃiki/ |
| Latte | muntsu /muntsu/ | muntsu /muntsu/ | muntsu /muntsu/ | xoma /ʂoma/ | millkʼi /miʎkʼi/ | nkaka /nkaka/ | leche /letʃe/ |
| Miele | dapa yumiji /dapa jumihi/ | wapasa yumiri /wapasa jumiɾi/ | chinij /tʃinih/ | bona jene /bona hɨnɨ/ | miskʼi /miskʼi/ | uci /utʃi/ | táxkat /táʃkat/ |
| Sale | wee /wɨː/ | wee /weː/ | wee /weː/ | tashi /taʃi/ | jayu /ˈxaju/ | munyu /muɲu/ | mátzat /mátsat/ |
| Vino | vino /ˈbino/ | vino /ˈbino/ | winiu /winiu/ | vino /ˈbino/ | vino /vino/ | vinyu /viɲu/ | vino /bino/ |
| Riso | ajus /ahus/ | arrus /aɾus/ | arús /aˈɾus/ | aros /aɾos/ | arusa /aɾusa/ | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | — |
| Ferro | jiju /hihu/ | jiru /hiɾu/ | jiru /hiru/ | yami /jami/ | qillaya /qiʎaja/ | utale /utale/ | likán /likán/ |
| Ruota | rueda /rueda/ | — | tuntunk /tuntuŋk/ | karotae /kaɾotaɨ/ | rueda /ɾweda/ | roda /roda/ | — |
| Seta | seda /seda/ | seda /seda/ | séta /ˈseta/ | seda /seda/ | seda /seda/ | seda /seda/ | seda /seda/ |
| Libro | papi /papi/ | papi /papi/ | papí /paˈpi/ | kirika /kiɾika/ | panka /panka/ | bukhu /bukʰu/ | libro /libro/ |
| Mangiare | yuwámu /juwámu/ | yuata /juata/ | yuata /juata/ | piti /piti/ | manqʼaña /manqʼaɲa/ | kudya /kudja/ | wayán /waján/ |
| Bere | umut /umut/ | umarta /umaɾta/ | umarta /umaɾta/ | xeati /ʂɨati/ | umaña /umaɲa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kgotnún /qotnún/ |
| Dormire | kanut /kanut/ | kanarta /kanaɾta/ | kanarta /kanaɾta/ | oxa /oʂa/ | ikiña /iˈkiɲa/ | kugona /kuɡona/ | lhtata /ɬtata/ |
| Uno | makichik /makitʃik/ | kichik /kitʃik/ | chikichik /tʃikitʃik/ | westíora /wɨstioɾa/ | maya /maja/ | posi /posi/ | aktum /aktum/ |
| Due | jimag /himaɡ/ | jimiar /himiaɾ/ | jimiará /himiaɾa/ | rabé /ɾabɨ/ | paya /paja/ | piŵiri /piwiri/ | aktuy /aktuj/ |
| Tre | kampatum /kampatum/ | kampatam /kampatam/ | menaintiu /menaintʲu/ | kimisha /kimiʃa/ | kimsa /kimsa/ | pitatu /pitatu/ | aktutu /aktutu/ |
| Quattro | ipaksumat /ipaksumat/ | aintiuk /aintʲuk/ | aintiuk /aintʲuk/ | chosko /tʃosko/ | pusi /pusi/ | pinai /pinai/ | aktati /aktati/ |
| Cinque | uweja amua /uwɨha amua/ | ewej /eweh/ | ewej /eweh/ | pichika /pitʃika/ | phisqa /ˈpʰisqa/ | xanu /ʃanu/ | kitsis /kitsis/ |
| Cento | cien /sjen/ | pachak /patʃak/ | sian /sian/ | pacha /patʃa/ | pataka /pataka/ | dzana /dzana/ | ciento /sjento/ |
| Ciao | pujámek /puhámɨk/ | pujamek /puhamek/ | pujamek /puhamek/ | jakon raoma /hakon raoma/ | kamisaki /kamisaki/ | mwadzukabwanji /mwadzukabwandʒi/ | tlen lhítat /tɬen ɬítat/ |
| Grazie | see /sɨː/ | mai-tikut /majtikut/ | yuminsajme /juminsahme/ | irake /iɾake/ | yuspagara /juspaɣaɾa/ | ndatenda /ndatenda/ | paʼxkatkatsiniyán /paʔʃkatkatsiniján/ |
| Buono | pegkeg /pɨɡkɨɡ/ | pengker /peŋkeɾ/ | penker /peŋkeɾ/ | jakon /hakon/ | suma /suma/ | nadidi /nadidi/ | tlan /tɬan/ |
| Nuovo | yamajam /jamaham/ | yamaram /jamaɾam/ | yamaram /jamaram/ | bena /bɨna/ | machaqa /matʃaqa/ | ipsa /ipsa/ | xasasti /ʃasasti/ |
| Rosso | kapantu /kapantu/ | kapantin /kapantin/ | kapaku /kapaku/ | joshin /hoʃin/ | wila /wila/ | funga /funɡa/ | tsutsokgo /tsutsoqo/ |
| Bianco | puju /puhu/ | puju /puhu/ | pujú /puˈhu/ | joxo /hoʂo/ | janqʼu /ˈxaɴqʼu/ | cena /tʃena/ | snapapa /snapapa/ |
| Nero | bukusea /bukusɨa/ | shuwin /ʃuwin/ | mukusa /mukusa/ | wiso /wiso/ | chʼiyara /tʃʼijara/ | psipa /psipa/ | tsitsekge /tsitseqe/ |
| Verde | samekbau /samɨkbau/ | samek /samek/ | sámek /ˈsamek/ | yãkõ /jãkõ/ | chʼuxña /tʃʼuxɲa/ | — | — |
| Blu | wigka /wiɡka/ | — | sámek /ˈsamek/ | yãkõ /jãkõ/ | larama /laɾama/ | — | — |
| Cuculo | ikáncham /iˈkantʃam/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Pagina 1/10
Apri la mappa interattiva: Word Map · HanMap · Name Map · Word Order · Tree
Parte di LangMap — un progetto di visualizzazione linguistica. Questo è un riepilogo statico e scansionabile; le mappe interattive offrono audio di pronuncia, filtri e una vista globo.
Realizzato da Heuron Inc. · GitHub · cho@heuron.com · Home LangMap