Matses
Matsés
pano (mayoruna)
Il matsés (detto anche mayoruna) è una lingua pano del bacino dello Yaquerana, alla frontiera tra Perù e Brasile. È celebre dal punto di vista tipologico per uno dei sistemi evidenziali più elaborati al mondo: i verbi codificano obbligatoriamente se la fonte dell'informazione è diretta, inferita, congetturata o riferita, e distinguono inoltre il momento dell'evento da quello in cui il parlante ne è venuto a conoscenza.
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in matsés
Fonti
- Fleck, David W. (2003) A Grammar of Matses. PhD dissertation, Rice University.
- Fleck, David W. (2007) Evidentiality in Matses. In Aikhenvald & Dixon (eds.) Evidentiality. Oxford.
- Glottolog: Matses
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: pano (mayoruna)
| Significato | Matsés | Proto-giapponese-coreano | Lardil | Yangkaal | Shipibo-Conibo | Meroitico | Messapico |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | acte /aʔte/ | — /—/ | nguka /ŋuka/ | nguku /ŋuku/ | jene /hɨnɨ/ | 𐦠𐦶 /ato/ | — /—/ |
| Fuoco | cute /kute/ | — /—/ | nyuda /ɲuda/ | ngida /ŋida/ | chii /tʃiː/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Sole | uëshë /wɨʃɨ/ | — /—/ | warrka /waɾka/ | warrku /waɾku/ | bari /bari/ | 𐦨𐦯 /ˈmasa/ | — /—/ |
| Luna | inchëshën uëshë /intʃɨʃɨn wɨʃɨ/ | — /—/ | kirdikir /kiɖikir/ | waldarra /waldaɾa/ | oxe /oʂɨ/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Stella | uispa /wispa/ | — /—/ | kuwa thungal /kuwa θuŋal/ | miburlda thungalda /mibuɭda t̪uŋalda/ | wishti /wiʃtĩ/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Notte | inchësh /intʃɨʃ/ | — /—/ | nata /nata/ | ngimi /ŋimi/ | yame /jamɨ/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Pioggia | ue /ue/ | — | — | — | oi /oi/ | — | — |
| Vento | cunquequid /kunkekid/ | — | — | — | niwe /niwɨ/ | — | — |
| Terra | nidaid /nidaid/ | — | — | — | mai /mai/ | — | — |
| Pietra | cuënote /kwɨnote/ | — | — | — | makan /makan/ | — | — |
| Montagna | macuësh /makwɨʃ/ | — | — | — | manan /manan/ | — | — |
| Madre | tita /tita/ | *əma /əma/ | ngama /ŋama/ | ngamathu /ŋamat̪u/ | tita /tita/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Padre | papa /paˈpa/ | *əpa /əpa/ | kantha /kan̪t̪a/ | kanthathu /kant̪at̪u/ | papa /papa/ | — /—/ | ana /ˈana/ |
| Figlia | champi /tʃamˈpi/ | — | — | — | bake ainbo /bake ãĩbo/ | — | bilia /ˈbilia/ |
| Io | ubi /uβi/ | — /—/ | ngada /ŋada/ | ngada /ŋada/ | ea /ea/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Tu | mibi /miβi/ | — /—/ | nyingki /ɲiŋki/ | nyingka /ɲiŋka/ | mia /mia/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Noi | nuqui /nuki/ | — /—/ | ngakuli / nyali /ŋakuli / ɲali/ | ngakulda / ngalda /ŋakulda / ŋalda/ | noa /noa/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Nome | — /—/ | — /—/ | nyunda /ɲunda/ | nida /nida/ | jane /hanɨ/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Persona | matses /matses/ | — | — | — | joni /honi/ | — | — |
| Testa | mapi /maˈpi/ | — | — | — | mapo /mapo/ | — | — |
| Occhio | ëshë /ɨʃɨ/ | — /—/ | kuwa /kuwa/ | miburlda /mibuɭda/ | bero /bɨɾo/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Orecchio | pabiate /pabiate/ | — | — | — | pabíki /pabiki/ | — | — |
| Bocca | ana /ana/ | — | — | — | kexa /kɨʂa/ | — | — |
| Dente | sheta /ʃeta/ | — /—/ | kadma leman /kadma leman/ | damanda /damanda/ | xeta /ʂɨta/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Lingua | ana /ana/ | — /—/ | jalda leman /dʒalda leman/ | jalngantha /ɟalŋant̪a/ | jana /hana/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Mano | mëdante /mɨdante/ | — /—/ | marlda /maɭda/ | — /—/ | meken /mɨkɨn/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Piede | taë /taˈɨ/ | — | jaa /dʒaː/ | — | tae /taɨ/ | 𐦯𐦴 /ˈsata/ | — |
| Cuore | — /—/ | — /—/ | bulja /buldʒa/ | — /—/ | joínti /hoˈinti/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Osso | canite /kanite/ | — /—/ | kadma /kadma/ | julda /ɟulda/ | xao /ʂao/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Sangue | intac /intaʔ/ | — /—/ | kanda /kanda/ | kandu /kandu/ | jimi /himi/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Amore | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | noi /noi/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Albero | cute /kute/ | — /—/ | thungal /θuŋal/ | — /—/ | jiwi /hiwi/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Cane | opa /oˈpa/ | — /—/ | ngawa /ŋawa/ | — /—/ | ochiti /otʃiti/ | 𐦥𐦬𐦡 /wal/ | — /—/ |
| Gatto | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | mishito /miʃito/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Pesce | nuëcquid /nuɨkkid/ | — /—/ | yaka /jaka/ | yakuri /jakuɾi/ | yapa /japa/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Uccello | uicchun /wiktʃun/ | — | — | — | isa /isa/ | — | — |
| Farfalla | podochued /podotʃued/ | — | — | — | pëpë /pɨ̃pɨ̃/ | — | — |
| Uovo | bacuë /bakwɨ/ | — | — | — | bachi /batʃi/ | — | — |
| Orso | oso /oso/ | — | — | — | oso /oso/ | — | — |
| Cavallo | cabachu /kabatʃu/ | — | — | — | kabayo /kabajo/ | — | — |
| Casa | shubu /ʂobo/ | — /—/ | ngambirr /ŋambir/ | — /—/ | xobo /ʂobo/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Latte | shuma /ʃuma/ | — | — | — | xoma /ʂoma/ | — | — |
| Miele | bacun /bakun/ | — | — | — | bona jene /bona hɨnɨ/ | — | — |
| Sale | sa /sa/ | — | — | — | tashi /taʃi/ | — | — |
| Vino | uba chinaid /uba tʃinaid/ | — | — | — | vino /ˈbino/ | — | — |
| Ferro | shocosh /ʃokoʃ/ | — | — | — | yami /jami/ | — | — |
| Mangiare | pe- /pe/ | — /—/ | jitha /dʒiθa/ | — /—/ | piti /piti/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Bere | ak- /ak/ | — /—/ | kurdama /kuɖama/ | — /—/ | xeati /ʂɨati/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Dormire | ush- /uʃ/ | — | — | — | oxa /oʂa/ | — | — |
| Uno | abentsëc /aβentsɨk/ | — /—/ | warnge /waɾŋe/ | — /—/ | westíora /wɨstioɾa/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Due | daëd /daɨd/ | — /—/ | kiyarrng /kijaɾŋ/ | kiyarrngka /kijaɾŋka/ | rabé /ɾabɨ/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Tre | — /—/ | — /—/ | mungkalan /muŋkalan/ | — /—/ | kimisha /kimiʃa/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Quattro | daëd daëd /daɨd daɨd/ | — | — | — | chosko /tʃosko/ | — | — |
| Ciao | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | jakon raoma /xakon raoma/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Grazie | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | irake /iɾake/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Buono | bëda /bɨˈda/ | — /—/ | kuba /kuba/ | — /—/ | jakon /hakon/ | 𐦨𐦬𐦣 /ˈmalu/ | — /—/ |
| Nuovo | chuca /tʃuka/ | — | — | — | bena /bɨna/ | — | — |
| Rosso | piumbo /piumbo/ | — /—/ | kandukan /kandukan/ | kandukandu /kandukandu/ | joshin /hoʃin/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Bianco | ushu /uˈʃu/ | — | — | — | joxo /hoʂo/ | — | — |
| Verde | umu /uˈmu/ | — | — | — | yãkõ /jãkõ/ | — | — |
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