Sidaamu Afoo
Sidamo
Afroasiatica (Cuscitica, Highland East)
Il sidamo (sidaama) è la maggiore lingua cuscitica orientale degli altipiani (Highland East Cushitic), parlata da circa 3 milioni di persone nella neocostituita Regione di Sidama in Etiopia (separatasi dalla SNNPR nel 2020). È strettamente imparentata con l'hadiyya, il kambaata e il gedeo. Presenta consonanti eiettive, occlusive glottalizzate, una complessa marcatura dei casi e ordine delle parole SOV. Il popolo sidama è celebre per la coltivazione del caffè nell'Etiopia meridionale. Utilizza un'ortografia latina sviluppata negli anni '90 per l'istruzione primaria e il sistema di radiodiffusione regionale Sidaamu Afoo.
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in sidamo
Fonti
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: Afroasiatica (Cuscitica, Highland East)
| Significato | Sidamo | Gedeo | Oromo | Konso | Afar | Wolaytta | Saho |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | waa /waː/ | wodeʼe /wodeʔe/ | bishaan /biʃaːn/ | pisha /piʃa/ | lee /leː/ | haatta /haːtːa/ | laye /laje/ |
| Fuoco | giira /ɡiːra/ | giira /ɡiːɾa/ | ibidda /ibidːa/ | apitta /apitːa/ | gira /ɡira/ | tama /tama/ | gira /ɡira/ |
| Sole | arrishsho /arːiʃːo/ | arishsho /ariʃːo/ | aduu /aduː/ | piirtuta /piːrtuta/ | ayró /ajro/ | awa /awa/ | ayro /ajɾo/ |
| Luna | agana /aɡana/ | agenjo /aɡendʒo/ | jiʼa /dʒiʔa/ | leya /leja/ | alsá /alsa/ | aginaa /aɡinaː/ | alsa /alsa/ |
| Stella | beeddakko /beːdːakko/ | urje /urdʒe/ | urjii /urdʒiː/ | hikkitta /hikːitːa/ | cutuk /ħutuk/ | xoolinttee /tʼoːlintːeː/ | xutuk /ħutuk/ |
| Notte | hashsha /haʃːa/ | hashsha /haʃːa/ | halkan /halkan/ | halkeetta /halkeːtːa/ | bar /bar/ | qamma /kʼamːa/ | bar /bar/ |
| Pioggia | xeena /tʼeːna/ | xeena /tʼeːna/ | bokkaa /ˈbokːaː/ | roopa /roːpa/ | rob /rob/ | iraa /iraː/ | rob /rob/ |
| Neve | kaade /kaːde/ | — | cabbii /tʃabːiː/ | fuuttota /fuːtːota/ | — | suuppa shachcha /suːpːa ʃatʃːa/ | — |
| Vento | bubbe /bubːe/ | diidallo /diːdalːo/ | bubbee /ˈbubːeː/ | puppeeta /pupːeːta/ | caacay /ħaːħaj/ | carkko /tsʼarkːo/ | xaaxat /ħaːħat/ |
| Terra | uulla /uːlla/ | buttina /butːina/ | lafa /lafa/ | piita /piːta/ | árdi /ardi/ | saʼaa /saʔaː/ | baarho /baːɽo/ |
| Pietra | kincho /kintʃo/ | kinjo /kindʒo/ | dhagaa /ɖaˈɡaː/ | daka /ɗaka/ | xáa /ɖaː/ | shuchcha /ʃutʃːa/ | dhaa /ɖaː/ |
| Montagna | gaara /ɡaːra/ | kooba /koːba/ | tulluu /tulːuː/ | irroota /irːoːta/ | qale /ʕale/ | deriya /derija/ | kooma /koːma/ |
| Mare | baare /baːre/ | abbaayya /abːaːjːa/ | galaana /ɡalaːna/ | pakateeta /pakateːta/ | bad /bad/ | abbaa /abːaː/ | bad /bad/ |
| Madre | ama /ama/ | ama /ama/ | haadha /haːɗa/ | aayyaa /aːjːaː/ | iná /iˈna/ | aayyiyo /aːjːijo/ | ina /ina/ |
| Padre | anna /anːa/ | anna /anːa/ | abbaa /abːaː/ | aappaa /aːpːaː/ | abbá /abːa/ | aawa /aːwa/ | abba /abba/ |
| Figlia | beetto /beːtːo/ | belto /belto/ | intala /intala/ | enenta /enenta/ | baxá /baˈɖa/ | naʼiyo /naʔijo/ | barhä /baˈɽa/ |
| Io | ani /ani/ | ani /ani/ | ani /ani/ | anti /anti/ | anu /anu/ | taani /taːni/ | anu /anu/ |
| Tu | ati /ati/ | ati /ati/ | ati /ati/ | atti /atti/ | atu /atu/ | neeni /neːni/ | atu /atu/ |
| Noi | ninke /ninke/ | noʼo /noʔo/ | nuti /nuti/ | ino /ino/ | nanu /nanu/ | nuuni /nuːni/ | nanu /nanu/ |
| Nome | suʼma /suʔma/ | summa /sumːa/ | maqaa /makʼaː/ | maxxa /maχːa/ | migáq /miɡaʕ/ | sunttaa /suntːaː/ | migac /miɡaʕ/ |
| Persona | mancho /mantʃo/ | manjo /mandʒo/ | nama /nama/ | nama /nama/ | núm /num/ | asaa /asaː/ | xiyaw /ħijaw/ |
| Testa | umo /umo/ | umo /umo/ | mataa /mataː/ | matta /matːa/ | amó /amo/ | huuphiya /huːpʼija/ | amo /amo/ |
| Occhio | ille /ilːe/ | ille /ilːe/ | ija /idʒa/ | ilta /ilta/ | intí /inti/ | ayfee /ajfeː/ | inti /inti/ |
| Orecchio | macca /matʃʼːa/ | mansha /manʃa/ | gurra /ɡurra/ | napahata /napahata/ | ayti /ajti/ | hayttaa /hajtːaː/ | cokka /ʕokka/ |
| Naso | sano /sano/ | sana /sana/ | funyaan /fuɲaːn/ | sina /sina/ | san /san/ | siiriya /siːrija/ | san /san/ |
| Bocca | afo /afo/ | afoʼo /afoʔo/ | afaan /afaːn/ | afa /afa/ | af /af/ | doonaa /doːnaː/ | af /af/ |
| Dente | hinko /hinko/ | isso /isːo/ | ilkaan /ilkaːn/ | ilkitta /ilkitːa/ | boddiná /bodːina/ | achcha /atʃːa/ | iko /iko/ |
| Lingua | arrawo /arːawo/ | arrabo /arːabo/ | arraba /arːaba/ | arrapa /arːapa/ | arraabá /arːaːba/ | inxxarssa /intʼarsːa/ | anrab /anrab/ |
| Mano | anga /anɡa/ | anga /aŋɡa/ | harka /haɾka/ | harka /harka/ | gabá /ɡaba/ | kushiyaa /kuʃijaː/ | gaba /ɡaba/ |
| Piede | lekka /ˈlekːa/ | lekka /lekːa/ | miilla /miːlːa/ | loʛta /loʛta/ | iba /iba/ | tohuwa /tohuwa/ | iba /iba/ |
| Cuore | wodana /wodana/ | wodana /wodana/ | onnee /onːeː/ | sataʔta /sataʔta/ | lubbí /lubːi/ | wozanaa /wozanaː/ | qalbe /qalbe/ |
| Osso | miqicho /mikʼitʃo/ | micco /mitʃʼːo/ | lafee /lafeː/ | lafta /lafta/ | lafa /lafa/ | meqetta /mekʼetːa/ | lafa /lafa/ |
| Sangue | munde /munde/ | munde /munde/ | dhiiga /ɖiːɡa/ | diika /ɗiːka/ | qabal /ʕabal/ | suutta /suːtːa/ | biilo /biːlo/ |
| Cacca | ciilo /tʃʼiːlo/ | cilo /tʃʼilo/ | udaan /udaːn/ | utaa /utaː/ | caara /ħaːra/ | shiyaa /ʃijaː/ | — |
| Amore | baxa /batʼa/ | eeyya /eːjːa/ | jaalala /dʒaːlala/ | ʄaalaɗiyaa /ʄaːlaɗijaː/ | kacanú /kaħanu/ | siiqaa /siːqaː/ | kaxano /kaħano/ |
| Albero | haqqe /hakʼːe/ | haqqa /hakʼːa/ | muka /muka/ | qoyra /ʛojra/ | caxá /ħaɖa/ | mittaa /mitːaː/ | xarha /ħaɽa/ |
| Cane | woshichcho /woʃitʃːo/ | kaneessa /kaneːsːa/ | saree /saɾeː/ | kuta /kuta/ | kuta /kuta/ | kanaa /kanaː/ | kare /kaɾe/ |
| Gatto | basu /basu/ | adurre /aduɾːe/ | adurree /adurːeː/ | aturraata /aturːaːta/ | dummú /dumːu/ | gaaduwaa /ɡaːduwaː/ | dummu /dummu/ |
| Pesce | qulxuʼme /kʼultʼuʔme/ | qulxuʼme /kʼultʼuʔme/ | qurxummii /qurxummiː/ | murkuja /murkuʄa/ | kullúnta /kulːunta/ | moliya /molija/ | caasa /ʕaːsa/ |
| Uccello | ceʼa /tʃʼeʔa/ | ciʼa /tʃʼiʔa/ | simbirroo /simbirroː/ | xampira /χampira/ | kimbiró /kimbiro/ | kafo /kafo/ | kimbir /kimbir/ |
| Farfalla | billaachcha /bilːaːtʃːa/ | — | billaacha /bilːaːtʃa/ | — | laahintí /laːhinti/ | muqo /mukʼo/ | — |
| Uovo | quuphichcho /kʼuːpʼːitʃːo/ | quuphe /kʼuːpʼe/ | hanqaaquu /hanqaːquː/ | hukuukka /hukuːkːa/ | naala /naːla/ | phuuphulliya /pʼuːpʼulːija/ | lalim /lalim/ |
| Orso | dibi /dibi/ | dibi /dibi/ | — | tipeeta /tipeːta/ | — | beere /beːre/ | dibbi /dibbi/ |
| Cavallo | farashsho /faraʃːo/ | fadhado /faɗado/ | farda /farda/ | farta /farta/ | faras /faras/ | paraa /paraː/ | faras /faras/ |
| Casa | mine /mine/ | mine /mine/ | mana /mana/ | tika /tika/ | qarí /ʕari/ | keettaa /keːtːaː/ | care /ʕare/ |
| Latte | ado /ado/ | ado /ado/ | aannan /aːnːan/ | aanna /aːnːa/ | cán /ħan/ | maatta /maːtːa/ | xan /ħan/ |
| Miele | malawo /malawo/ | malebo /malebo/ | damma /damːa/ | takma /takma/ | malab /malab/ | eessaa /eːsːaː/ | baska /baska/ |
| Sale | maxine /matʼine/ | maxine /matʼine/ | soogidda /soːɡidːa/ | sookitta /soːkitːa/ | qasbó /ʕasbo/ | maxiniyaa /matʼinijaː/ | mulxu /mulħu/ |
| Vino | woyinete xajje /wojinete tʼadʒːe/ | woyine /wojine/ | daadhii wayinii /daːɗiː wajiniː/ | taadeta wayneeta /taːɗeta wajneːta/ | qinabak bicsen kamri /ʕinabak biħsen kamri/ | woine eessa /woine eːsːa/ | wayni /wajni/ |
| Riso | ruuze /ruːze/ | — | ruuzii /ruːziː/ | — | rúddi /rudːi/ | ruuziya /ruːzija/ | — |
| Cioccolato | chokkoleete /tʃokːoleːte/ | chokkoleete | chekoleetii | — | — | — | — |
| Ferro | siwiila /siwiːla/ | sibiljo /sibildʒo/ | sibiila /sibiːla/ | sipla /sipla/ | birta /birta/ | birataa /birataː/ | birit /birit/ |
| Ruota | qale /kʼale/ | mole /mole/ | geengoo /ɡeːnɡoː/ | — | — | irzzuwaa /irzːuwaː/ | — |
| Seta | shalaala /ʃalaːla/ | — | arrii /arːiː/ | — | — | — | — |
| Libro | maxaafa /matʼaːfa/ | maxaafa /matʼaːfa/ | kitaaba /kitaːba/ | mataafa /mataːfa/ | kitab /kitab/ | maxaafaa /matʼaːfaː/ | kitaab /kitaːb/ |
| Mangiare | ita /ita/ | ita /ita/ | nyaachuu /ɲaːtʃuː/ | ɗamiyaa /ɗamijaː/ | akmé /akme/ | miya /miːja/ | niitan /niːtan/ |
| Bere | aga /aɡa/ | haʼwa /haʔwa/ | dhuguu /ɗuɡuː/ | ikiyaa /ikijaː/ | ooqobé /oːʕobe/ | uyiya /ujija/ | yaaqab /jaːʕab/ |
| Dormire | goxa /ɡotʼa/ | diipha /diːpʼa/ | rafuu /rafuː/ | — | xiiné /ɖiːne/ | xiskkiya /tʼiskːija/ | dhin /ɖin/ |
| Uno | mitto /mitːo/ | mitto /mitːo/ | tokko /tokːo/ | takka /takːa/ | iník /inik/ | issuwa /isːuwa/ | inki /inki/ |
| Due | lame /lame/ | lame /lame/ | lama /lama/ | lakki /lakːi/ | nammáy /namːaj/ | naaʼʼa /naːʔːa/ | lamma /lamma/ |
| Tre | sase /sase/ | sase /sase/ | sadii /sadiː/ | sessa /sesːa/ | sidóc /sidoħ/ | heezza /heːzːa/ | adox /adoħ/ |
| Quattro | shoole /ʃoːle/ | shoole /ʃoːle/ | afur /afur/ | afur /afur/ | ferey /ferej/ | oydda /ʔoidːa/ | afar /afar/ |
| Cinque | onte /onte/ | onde /onde/ | shan /ʃan/ | ken /ken/ | konoy /konoj/ | ichchasha /itʃːaʃa/ | koon /koːn/ |
| Cento | xibbe /tʼibːe/ | dhibba /ɗibːa/ | dhibba /ɗibba/ | dippa /ɗipːa/ | bool /boːl/ | xeeta /tʼeːta/ | bool /boːl/ |
| Ciao | nagaa yiʼne /naɡaː jiʔne/ | mooye /moːje/ | akkam /akːam/ | nakayta /nakajta/ | nagá /naɡa/ | saro /saro/ | malaal /malaːl/ |
| Grazie | maganu oohe /maɡanu oːhe/ | galaata /ɡalaːta/ | galatoomi /ɡalatoːmi/ | kalata /kalata/ | qungúsa /ʕuŋɡusa/ | galatay /ɡalataj/ | galatto /ɡalatto/ |
| Buono | dancha /dantʃa/ | elo /elo/ | gaarii /ɡaːriː/ | paxaara /paχaːra/ | meqé /meʕe/ | loʼo /loʔo/ | mece /meʕe/ |
| Nuovo | haaro /haːro/ | haaro /haːro/ | haaraa /haːraː/ | haraya /haraja/ | qusbá /ʕusba/ | ooratta /oːratːa/ | cusub /ʕusub/ |
| Rosso | duume /duːme/ | diimmo /diːmːo/ | diimaa /diːmaː/ | tiima /tiːma/ | qasá /ʕasa/ | zoʼo /zoʔo/ | casa /ʕasa/ |
| Bianco | waajjo /waːdʒːo/ | golalo /ɡolalo/ | adii /adiː/ | ata /ata/ | qado /ʕado/ | bootta /boːtːa/ | cado /ʕado/ |
| Nero | kolishsho /koliʃːo/ | xillo /tʼilːo/ | gurraacha /ɡurːaːtʃaː/ | poora /poːra/ | datá /data/ | karetta /karetːa/ | dat /dat/ |
| Verde | hanja /handʒa/ | haanja /haːndʒa/ | magariisa /maɡariːsa/ | ilaawa /ilaːwa/ | anxaxiní /anɖaɖini/ | — | andharh /anɖaɽ/ |
| Tè | shae /ʃae/ | — | shaayii /ʃaːjiː/ | — | shaahí /ʃaːhi/ | shayiya /ʃajija/ | — |
| Caffè | buna /buna/ | — | buna /buna/ | punitta /punitːa/ | buna /buna/ | tukkiya /tukːija/ | qaxwa /qaħwa/ |
| Zucchero | sukkaare /sukːaːre/ | — | sukkaara /sukːaːra/ | — | sokkár /sokːar/ | — | — |
| Arancia | burtukaane /burtukaːne/ | — | birtukaanii /birtukaːniː/ | — | burtukán /burtukan/ | — | — |
| 99 | honsayina honse /honsajina honse/ | sallane tommenna sallane /salːane tomːenːa salːane/ | sagaltamii sagal /saɡaltamiː saɡal/ | — | sagla taban kee sagaal /saɡla taban keː saɡaːl/ | uddufun tammanne uddufuna /udːufun tamːanːe udːufuna/ | — |
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