Gengbe
Kigen
Niger-Kongo
Kigen (Gengbe, pia hujulikana kama Mina) ni lugha ya Kigbe ya kundi la Kwa la Niger-Congo, izungumzwayo na takriban watu 400,000 hadi 500,000 hasa katika Mkoa wa Pwani kusini mwa Togo karibu na Aného (mji mkuu wa kihistoria wa Mina/Gen na kituo cha awali cha biashara cha Kikoloni cha Denmark/Ujerumani), pamoja na idadi kubwa zaidi kuvuka mpaka magharibi-kusini mwa Benin (Mkoa wa Mono). Gen ni lugha-dada ya Kiewe (ee) na Kifon (fon) ndani ya msururu wa lahaja za Kigbe, na inaeleweka kwa kiasi na zote mbili. Kihistoria, watu wa Gen ni vizazi vya wahamiaji wa Akan kutoka Elmina (Ghana) — jina la asili "Gen" linatokana na "Mina" (kituo cha biashara cha Kireno).
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kigen
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Niger-Kongo
| Maana | Kigen | Kiaja | Kiewe | Kifon | Kiurhobo | Kiisoko | Kiadangme |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | esi /esi/ | esi /esi/ | tsi /tsi/ | sin /sĩ/ | ame /ame/ | ame /ame/ | nyu /ɲu/ |
| Moto | ezo /ezo/ | ezo /ezo/ | dzo /dzo/ | zo /zo/ | erhanre /eɾanɾe/ | erae /eɾae/ | la /la/ |
| Jua | ewe /ewe/ | ewe /ewe/ | ɣe /ɣe/ | hwe /ɦʷe/ | uvo /uvo/ | ọvẹ /ɔvɛ/ | hyɛ /çɛ/ |
| Mwezi | wetri /wetri/ | esun /esun/ | ɣleti /ɣleti/ | sun /sũ/ | emeranvwe /emeɾanβwe/ | ọwa /ɔwa/ | nyɔnyɔɛ /ɲɔɲɔɛ/ |
| Nyota | wetrivi /wetrivi/ | wlecivi /wletʃivi/ | ɣletivi /ɣletivi/ | sunví /sṹví/ | isio /isio/ | esi /esi/ | ŋulami /ŋulami/ |
| Usiku | zã /zã/ | ezan /ezã/ | zã /zã/ | zàn /zã̀/ | ason /asõ/ | aso /aso/ | nyɔmi /ɲɔmi/ |
| Mvua | èji /èdʒi/ | eshi /eʃi/ | tsidzadza /tsidzadza/ | jì /dʒì/ | osio /osio/ | oso /oso/ | hiɔmi /hiɔmi/ |
| Upepo | aya /aja/ | jihɔn /dʒihɔ̃/ | aya /aja/ | jɔhɔn /dʒɔhɔ̃/ | aphopho /aɸoɸo/ | ofou /ofou/ | kɔɔhiɔ /kɔːhiɔ/ |
| Udongo | anyigbã /aɲiɡbã/ | nyigban /ɲiɡbã/ | anyigba /aɲiɡba/ | ayǐkúngban /ajǐkṹɡbã/ | otọ /ɔtɔ/ | otọ /ɔtɔ/ | zugba /zuɡba/ |
| Jiwe | kpe /kpe/ | ekpe /ekpe/ | kpe /kpe/ | awǐnnya /awĩ̌ɲa/ | oragha /oɾaɣa/ | — | tɛ /tɛ/ |
| Mlima | eto /eto/ | eto /eto/ | to /to/ | só /só/ | ugbenu /uɡbenu/ | ugbehru /uɡbehɾu/ | yoku /joku/ |
| Bahari | apu /apu/ | axu /axu/ | atsiaƒu /atsiaɸu/ | xù /xù/ | abadi /abadi/ | abade /abade/ | wo /wo/ |
| Mama | nɔ /nɔ/ | enɔ /enɔ/ | dada /dada/ | nɔ /nɔ/ | oni /oni/ | oni /oni/ | nyɛ /ɲɛ/ |
| Baba | tɔ /tɔ/ | eda /eda/ | fofo /fofo/ | tɔ /tɔ/ | ọsẹ /ɔsɛ/ | ọsẹ /ɔsɛ/ | tsɛ /tsɛ/ |
| Binti | nyɔ̃nùvi /ɲɔ̃nùvi/ | vi nyɔnuvi /vi ɲɔnuvi/ | vinyɔnu /viɲɔnu/ | vǐ nyɔ̌nu /vǐ ɲɔ̌nu/ | ọmọtẹ /ɔmɔtɛ/ | ọmọtẹ /ɔmɔtɛ/ | biyo /bijo/ |
| Mimi | enye /eɲe/ | nyɛ /ɲɛ/ | nye /ɲɛ/ | nyɛ̀ /ɲɛ̀/ | mẹ /mɛ/ | mẹ /mɛ/ | i /i/ |
| Wewe | wò /wò/ | wo /wo/ | wò /wò/ | hwɛ̀ /hwɛ̀/ | wẹ /wɛ/ | whẹ /ʍɛ/ | mo /mo/ |
| Sisi | mí /mí/ | mi /mi/ | mí /mí/ | mǐ /mǐ/ | avwanre /aβwanɾe/ | ma /ma/ | wɔ /wɔ/ |
| Jina | nyikɔ /ɲikɔ/ | ŋkɔ /ŋkɔ/ | ŋkɔ /ŋkɔ/ | nyǐkɔ /ɲĩ̌kɔ/ | odẹ /odɛ/ | odẹ /odɛ/ | biɛ /biɛ/ |
| Mtu | agbetɔ /aɡbetɔ/ | amɛ /amɛ/ | ame /ame/ | mɛ̀ /mɛ̀/ | ohwo /ohwo/ | ohwo /ohwo/ | nɔmlɔ /nɔmlɔ/ |
| Kichwa | eta /eta/ | eta /eta/ | ta /ta/ | ta /ta/ | uyovwi /ujoβwi/ | uzou /uzou/ | yi /ji/ |
| Jicho | ŋkuvi /ŋkuvi/ | ŋkuvi /ŋkuvi/ | ŋku /ŋku/ | nukún /nukṹ/ | ẹro /ɛɾo/ | ẹro /ɛɾo/ | hiŋmɛ /hiŋmɛ/ |
| Sikio | eto /eto/ | etɔ /etɔ/ | to /to/ | tó /tó/ | erhọn /eɾɔ̃/ | ozọ /ozɔ/ | toi /toi/ |
| Pua | ŋɔti /ŋɔti/ | — | ŋɔti /ŋɔti/ | awɔntín /awɔ̃tĩ́/ | uwen /uwẽ/ | unwe /unwe/ | gugwɔ /ɡuɡwɔ/ |
| Mdomo | nu /nu/ | enu /enu/ | nu /nu/ | nu /nu/ | unu /unu/ | unu /unu/ | nya /ɲa/ |
| Jino | aɖu /aɖu/ | aɖu /aɖu/ | aɖu /aɖu/ | aɖu /aɖu/ | ako /ako/ | akọ /akɔ/ | luŋu /luŋu/ |
| Ulimi | aɖe /aɖe/ | aɖe /aɖe/ | aɖe /aɖe/ | ɖɛ̀ /ɖɛ̀/ | ẹrẹnvwe /ɛɾɛnβwe/ | erou /eɾou/ | lilɛ /lilɛ/ |
| Mkono | alɔ /alɔ/ | alɔ /alɔ/ | asi /asi/ | alɔ /alɔ/ | obọ /obɔ/ | obọ /obɔ/ | nine /nine/ |
| Mguu | afɔ /afɔ/ | afɔ /afɔ/ | afɔ /àfɔ̀/ | afɔ /afɔ/ | owọ /owɔ/ | owọ /owɔ/ | nane /nane/ |
| Moyo | eji /edʒi/ | eji /edʒi/ | dzi /dzi/ | ayi /aji/ | udu /udu/ | udu /udu/ | tsui /tsui/ |
| Mfupa | epu /epu/ | exu /exu/ | ƒu /ɸu/ | xú /xú/ | ubeku /ubeku/ | ubeku /ubeku/ | wu /wu/ |
| Damu | ehũ /ehũ/ | ehun /ehũ/ | ʋu /ʋu/ | hun /hũ/ | ọbara /ɔbaɾa/ | azẹ /azɛ/ | muɔ /muɔ/ |
| Upendo | lɔ̃lɔ̃ /lɔ̃lɔ̃/ | lɔ̃ /lɔ̃/ | lɔ̃lɔ̃ /lɔ̃lɔ̃/ | yiwanu /jiwanu/ | ẹguọnọ /ɛɡwɔnɔ/ | ọsuọ /ɔswɔ/ | suɔmi /suɔmi/ |
| Mti | ati /ati/ | aci /atʃi/ | ati /ati/ | atin /atĩ/ | urhe /uɾe/ | orhan /oɾan/ | tso /tso/ |
| Mbwa | avũ /avũ/ | avu /avu/ | avu /avu/ | avun /avũ/ | eranko /eɾanko/ | ebọ /ebɔ/ | gbe /ɡbe/ |
| Paka | — /—/ | ami /ami/ | dadi /dadi/ | asé /asé/ | ọtọma /ɔtɔma/ | ọtọmha /ɔtɔmha/ | adi /adi/ |
| Samaki | elãvi /elãvi/ | kpavi /kpavi/ | tɔmelã /tɔmelã/ | hweví /ʍeví/ | eri /eɾi/ | yei /jei/ | lo /lo/ |
| Ndege | xevi /xevi/ | xevi /xevi/ | xevi /xeʋi/ | xɛ /xɛ/ | ọphran /ɔɸɾã/ | evra /evɾa/ | lohwe pɛlitsɛ /lohwe pɛlitsɛ/ |
| Kipepeo | abèbe /abèbe/ | — | kpakpaluʋui /kpakpaluʋui/ | awɛwɛ /awɛwɛ/ | — /—/ | ẹvbovbo /ɛʋoʋo/ | kutu /kutu/ |
| Yai | koklo-zĩ /koklozĩ/ | — | koklozi /koklozi/ | azin /azĩ/ | ukẹn /ukɛ̃/ | ike /ike/ | hlui /hlui/ |
| Farasi | esɔ /esɔ/ | esɔ /esɔ/ | sɔ /sɔ/ | sɔ́ /sɔ́/ | esi /esi/ | anyenya /aɲeɲa/ | okpɔŋɔ /okpɔŋɔ/ |
| Nyumba | exɔ /exɔ/ | avia /avia/ | aƒe /aɸe/ | xwé /xʷé/ | uwevwi /uweβwi/ | uwowhe /uwowhe/ | we /we/ |
| Maziwa | nyinɔsi /ɲinɔsi/ | anɔshu /anɔʃu/ | notsi /notsi/ | anɔ̌sin /anɔ̌sĩ/ | ameivie /ameivie/ | imiliki /imiliki/ | nyɔ nyu /ɲɔ ɲu/ |
| Asali | anyisi /aɲisi/ | enyishi /eɲiʃi/ | anyitsi /aɲitsi/ | wǐin /wǐĩ/ | ọnyọn /ɔɲɔ̃/ | ọnyọ /ɔɲɔ/ | hwo /hwo/ |
| Chumvi | eje /edʒe/ | eje /edʒe/ | dze /dze/ | jɛ̀ /dʒɛ̀/ | ughweraka /uɣʷeɾaka/ | uwhei /uʍei/ | ŋo /ŋo/ |
| Mvinyo | vɛ̃ /vɛ̃/ | vɛn /vɛ̃/ | wain /wain/ | vɛ̌ɛn /vɛ̌ɛ̃/ | udi /udi/ | enwaene /enwaene/ | wai /wai/ |
| Chuma | gayibɔ /ɡajibɔ/ | ega /eɡa/ | ga /ɡa/ | gan /ɡã/ | utehru /utehɾu/ | ayọno /ajɔno/ | dade /dade/ |
| Gurudumu | afɔku /afɔku/ | — | afɔti /afɔti/ | kɛkɛ́fɔ /kɛkɛ́fɔ/ | adjugẹn /adʒuɡɛ̃/ | ẹtẹ /ɛtɛ/ | tlɔɔke nane /tlɔːke nane/ |
| Hariri | seda /seda/ | — | seda /seda/ | sɛ́da /sɛ́da/ | esada /esada/ | silki /silki/ | seda /seda/ |
| Kitabu | xoma /xoma/ | wema /wema/ | agbalẽ /aɡbalẽ/ | wémà /wémà/ | ọbe /ɔbe/ | ụbị /ʊbɪ/ | womi /womi/ |
| Kula | ɖu /ɖu/ | ɖu /ɖu/ | ɖu /ɖu/ | ɖu /ɖu/ | re /ɾe/ | re /ɾe/ | ye /je/ |
| Kunywa | nù /nù/ | nu /nu/ | no /no/ | nu /nu/ | da /da/ | da /da/ | nu /nu/ |
| Kulala | dɔ̃ alɔ̃ /dɔ̃ alɔ̃/ | dɔn alɔn /dɔ̃ alɔ̃/ | dɔ alɔ̃ /dɔ alɔ̃/ | dɔ́ amlɔ /dɔ́ amlɔ/ | vwerhẹ /βweɾɛ/ | wezẹ /wɛzɛ/ | hwɔ mahe /hwɔ mahe/ |
| Moja | ɖeka /ɖeka/ | eɖe /eɖe/ | ɖeka /ɖeka/ | ɖokpó /ɖokpó/ | ọvo /ɔvo/ | ọvo /ɔvo/ | kake /kake/ |
| Mbili | eve /eve/ | eve /eve/ | eve /ève/ | wè /wè/ | ivẹ /ivɛ/ | ivẹ /ivɛ/ | enyɔ /eɲɔ/ |
| Tatu | etɔ̃ /etɔ̃/ | etɔ̃ /etɔ̃/ | etɔ̃ /etɔ̃/ | atɔn /atɔ̃/ | erha /eɾa/ | isa /isa/ | etɛ /etɛ/ |
| Nne | ene /ene/ | ɛnɛ /ɛnɛ/ | ene /ene/ | ɛnɛ /ɛnɛ/ | ẹne /ɛne/ | ịnị /ɪnɪ/ | eywɛ /ejwɛ/ |
| Tano | atɔ̃ /atɔ̃/ | atɔ̃ /atɔ̃/ | atɔ̃ /atɔ̃/ | atɔ́ɔn /atɔ́ɔ̃/ | iyori /ijoɾi/ | isoi /isɔi/ | enuɔ /enuɔ/ |
| Mia | eka eve takpo /eka eve takpo/ | — | alafa /alafa/ | kanwe ko /kãwe ko/ | ujori /udʒoɾi/ | ẹgba /ɛɡba/ | lafa /lafa/ |
| Habari | ado /ado/ | nɛnɛ /nɛnɛ/ | ŋdi /ŋdi/ | a fɔn ganji /a fɔ̃ ɡãdʒi/ | migwo /miɡwo/ | mavọ /mavɔ/ | daa /daː/ |
| Asante | akpe /akpe/ | amɛ akpe /amɛ akpe/ | akpe /akpe/ | àwǎnú /àwǎnú/ | — /—/ | migwo /miɡwo/ | ojakuɛ /odʒakwɛ/ |
| Nzuri | nyɔ /ɲɔ/ | nwi /nwi/ | nyo /ɲo/ | ɖagbe /ɖaɡbe/ | emamọ /emamɔ/ | ọwhọ /ɔwhɔ/ | hɛŋmi /hɛŋmi/ |
| Mpya | yeye /jeje/ | yoyu /joju/ | yeye /jeje/ | yɔ̌yɔ́ /jɔ̌jɔ́/ | ọkpokpọ /ɔkpokpɔ/ | ọkpokpọ /ɔkpokpɔ/ | he /he/ |
| Nyekundu | jɛ̃ /dʒɛ̃/ | ejun /edʒũ/ | dzĩ /dziː̃/ | vɔvɔ /vɔvɔ/ | vwavwanre /βwaβwanɾe/ | wowe /wowe/ | tsu /tsu/ |
| Nyeupe | ɣe /ɣe/ | eyi /eji/ | ɣi /ɣi/ | wéwé /wéwé/ | ọfuanfon /ɔfuanfɔ̃/ | ọfuafụ /ɔfuafʊ/ | hiɔ /hiɔ/ |
| Nyeusi | yibɔ /jibɔ/ | eyu /eju/ | yibɔ /jibɔ/ | wiwi /wiwi/ | biebi /biebi/ | obiebi /obiebi/ | yumu /jumu/ |
| Kijani | amamu /amamu/ | makpafan /makpafã/ | gbemumu /ɡbemumu/ | amamǔ /amamǔ/ | ọgiọgiọ /ɔɡiɔɡiɔ/ | — | — |
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