Cẹn Bẹrom
Kiberom
Niger-Kongo
Kiberom (jina la asili Cẹn Bẹrom, pia hujulikana kama Birom) ni lugha ya Plateau ya familia ya Niger-Kongo, izungumzwayo na takriban watu milioni 1 katika Jimbo la Plateau, Nigeria, hasa katika maeneo ya serikali ya mitaa ya Jos Kusini, Barkin Ladi, Riyom na Jos Kaskazini. Wakaberomu ni kabila kuu la asili la nyanda za juu za Jos, eneo la kuchimba bati katikati mwa Nigeria ambapo sekta ya bati ya kikoloni ya Uingereza ilianza mwanzoni mwa karne ya 20. Kiberom kina mfumo wa toni ngumu (juu/chini/inayoshuka/inayopanda) na mfumo wa upatanisho wa madarasa ya nomino tata, sifa ya familia ya Niger-Kongo.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kiberom
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Niger-Kongo
| Maana | Kiberom | Kiewondo | Kibulu | Kinyamwezi | Kidonno So | Kitumbuka | Kifang |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | nshí /nʃí/ | medzim /medzim/ | mendim /mendim/ | minzi /minzi/ | di /di/ | maji /madʒi/ | mendim /mendim/ |
| Moto | kya /kʲa/ | ndoa /ndoa/ | nduan /nduan/ | moto /moto/ | nyaŋ /ɲaŋ/ | moto /moto/ | nduan /nduan/ |
| Jua | gwi /ɡwi/ | dzōb /dʒoːb/ | jôp /dʒɔp/ | lyuba /ljuβa/ | naŋ /naŋ/ | zuŵa /zuβa/ | zòp /zòp/ |
| Mwezi | pwɛl /pwɛl/ | ngɔn /ŋɡɔn/ | ngon /ŋɡon/ | ngʼwezi /ŋweːzi/ | ugɔ /uɡɔ/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | ngɔn /ŋɡɔn/ |
| Nyota | taŋaten /taŋaˈten/ | ôtɛtɛ /ótɛtɛ/ | ôtɛtɛ /ɔtɛtɛ/ | nsonda /nsonda/ | tolo /tolo/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | ótéteŋ /ótéteŋ/ |
| Usiku | turuk /turuk/ | alu /alu/ | alu /alu/ | buziku /buziku/ | diga /diɡa/ | usiku /usiku/ | alu /alu/ |
| Mvua | rwak /rwak/ | mveŋ /mvəŋ/ | mveŋ /mveŋ/ | mbula /mbula/ | ana /ana/ | vula /ˈvula/ | mveng /mveŋ/ |
| Upepo | gul /ɡul/ | evundu /evundu/ | évuŋulu /evuŋulu/ | myaga /mjaɡa/ | gɛɛdɛ /ɡɛːdɛ/ | mphepo /ˈmpʰepo/ | mfongha /mfoŋa/ |
| Udongo | vwel /vwel/ | si /si/ | si /si/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ | tay /taj/ | dongo /doŋɡo/ | si /si/ |
| Jiwe | fwa /fwa/ | akok /akok/ | akok /akok/ | iwe /iwe/ | tibu /tibu/ | libwe /liˈɓwe/ | akok /akok/ |
| Mlima | raku /raku/ | nkol /ŋkol/ | nkôl /ŋkɔl/ | lugulu /luɡulu/ | pɛgɛlɛŋ /pɛɡɛlɛŋ/ | phiri /pʰiɾi/ | nkol /ŋkol/ |
| Bahari | gworep /ɡworep/ | maŋ /maŋ/ | maŋ /maŋ/ | nyanza /ɲanza/ | dibe /dibe/ | nyanja /ɲandʒa/ | mang /maŋ/ |
| Mama | neng /neŋ/ | nyia /ɲia/ | nyia /ɲia/ | mayu /maju/ | na /na/ | amama /amama/ | nyia /ɲia/ |
| Baba | da /da/ | tara /taɾa/ | tata /tata/ | baba /baba/ | ba /ba/ | adada /adada/ | tara /tara/ |
| Binti | hwóng /hwóŋ/ | ngon /ŋɡɔn/ | ngone /ŋɡone/ | mwana mukima /mwana mukima/ | yaana ii /jaːna iː/ | mwana msungwana /mwana msuŋɡwana/ | ngoan /ŋɡoan/ |
| Mimi | mé /mé/ | ma /má/ | ma /má/ | nene /ˈnene/ | mi /mi/ | ine /ine/ | me /me/ |
| Wewe | hwo /hwo/ | wa /wá/ | wô /wɔ/ | gwegwe /ˈɡweɡwe/ | u /u/ | iwe /iwe/ | wè /wè/ |
| Sisi | wot /wot/ | bia /bjá/ | bia /bja/ | iswe /iswe/ | ɛmmɛ /ɛmːɛ/ | ise /ise/ | bie /bje/ |
| Jina | reza /ˈrɛza/ | jôé /ʒóé/ | jôé /dʒɔe/ | lina /ˈlina/ | boy /bɔj/ | zina /zina/ | eyola /ejola/ |
| Mtu | mwat /mwat/ | môt /mɔt/ | môt /mɔt/ | munhu /munhu/ | inde /indɛ/ | munthu /muntʰu/ | mot /mɔt/ |
| Kichwa | rato /rato/ | nlo /nlo/ | nlô /nlɔ/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | kuu /kuː/ | mutu /mutu/ | nlo /nlɔ/ |
| Jicho | ryis /rjis/ | dzìs /dʒis/ | dis /dis/ | liso /liso/ | giru /ɡiru/ | jiso /dʒiso/ | dis /dis/ |
| Sikio | fwoŋ /fwoŋ/ | alo /alo/ | alo /alo/ | itwi /itwi/ | sugulu /suɡulu/ | khutu /kʰutu/ | alo /alo/ |
| Pua | wol /wol/ | — | — | nindo /nindo/ | kinu /kinu/ | mphuno /mpʰuno/ | dzu /dzu/ |
| Mdomo | nu /nu/ | anyu /aɲu/ | anyu /aɲu/ | mulomo /mulomo/ | kɛnnɛ /kɛnːɛ/ | mlomo /m̩lomo/ | anyu /aɲu/ |
| Jino | hwin /hʷin/ | asoŋ /asoŋ/ | asoŋ /asoŋ/ | lino /lino/ | inu /inu/ | jino /dʒino/ | asoŋ /asoŋ/ |
| Ulimi | lem /lɛm/ | ôyem /ojəm/ | ôyem /ɔjem/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | nɛndɛ /nɛndɛ/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | ôyem /ojəm/ |
| Mkono | vwɔ /vwɔ/ | woó /woʔó/ | wo /wo/ | kukono /kukono/ | numɔ /numɔ/ | woko /woko/ | wɔ /wɔ/ |
| Mguu | bwol /bwol/ | abo /abɔ/ | abo /abo/ | kugulu /kuɡulu/ | kubɔ /kubɔ/ | lundi /lundi/ | abo /abɔ/ |
| Moyo | yey /jej/ | nlem /nlem/ | nlem /nlem/ | moyo /mojo/ | kindɛ /kindɛ/ | mtima /m̩tima/ | nnem /nnəm/ |
| Mfupa | kup /kup/ | évés /évɛ́s/ | évés /eves/ | iguha /iɡuha/ | kee /keː/ | chiwangwa /tʃiwaŋɡwa/ | ves /ves/ |
| Damu | nemi /nemi/ | meki /meki/ | metyi /metʃi/ | magazi /maɡazi/ | ni /ni/ | ndopa /ndopa/ | meki /meki/ |
| Kinyesi | beviŋ /beviŋ/ | — | mebi /mebi/ | maafi /maːfi/ | bede /bede/ | mavi /mavi/ | mebi /mebi/ |
| Upendo | shìr /ʃìɾ/ | nyeʼe /ɲeʔe/ | nyeʼa /ɲeʔa/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | ibɛ /ibɛ/ | kutemwa /kutemwa/ | ndzem /ndzem/ |
| Mti | cɔgɔt /tʃɔɡɔt/ | elé /elé/ | élé /ele/ | muti /muti/ | timmɛ /timːɛ/ | khuni /kʰuni/ | eli /eli/ |
| Mbwa | vu /vu/ | mvu /mvu/ | mvu /mvu/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | idu /idu/ | ncheŵe /ntʃeβe/ | mvu /mvu/ |
| Paka | mìshí /mìʃí/ | esìŋga /esiŋɡa/ | esinga /esiŋɡa/ | paka /paka/ | gamma /ɡamːa/ | chona /tʃona/ | esin /esin/ |
| Samaki | tok /tok/ | kos /kos/ | kos /kos/ | somba /soːmba/ | — /—/ | somba /somba/ | kos /kos/ |
| Ndege | non /non/ | anon /anɔn/ | anon /anɔn/ | noni /noni/ | sadaa /sadaː/ | chiyuni /tʃijuni/ | anon /anɔn/ |
| Kipepeo | tangapurus /taŋɡapurus/ | — | évulabebas /evulabebas/ | — | gɔmbu-gɔmbɛy /ɡɔmbuɡɔmbɛj/ | bulawura /bulawuɾa/ | evulabeba /evulabeba/ |
| Yai | regyi /reɡʲi/ | aki /aki/ | aki /aki/ | igi /iɡi/ | talu /talu/ | sumbi /sumbi/ | aki /aki/ |
| Dubu | beyar /bejar/ | — | urs /urs/ | — | — | — | — |
| Farasi | dwa /dwa/ | ekabeli /ekabeli/ | ékabela /ekabela/ | falasi /falasi/ | soŋ /soŋ/ | hachi /hatʃi/ | nkabele /ŋkabele/ |
| Nyumba | lɔ /lɔ/ | nda /nda/ | nda /nda/ | numba /numba/ | ginɛ /ɡinɛ/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nda /nda/ |
| Maziwa | nevasal /nevasal/ | menyan /meɲan/ | menyaŋ /meɲaŋ/ | mabeele /maβeːle/ | iru /iru/ | mkaka /m̩kaka/ | menyang /meɲaŋ/ |
| Asali | shok /ʃok/ | woe /woe/ | wôé /wɔe/ | buuki /buːki/ | igɛ /iɡɛ/ | uchi /utʃi/ | — |
| Chumvi | nevwashe /nevwaʃe/ | nku /ŋku/ | nku /ŋku/ | munu /munu/ | neŋ /neŋ/ | mchere /m̩tʃere/ | nku /ŋku/ |
| Mvinyo | nshî anap /nʃî anap/ | wayn /wajn/ | woon /woːn/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | — | vinyo /viɲo/ | vino /vino/ |
| Chuma | dyam /dʲam/ | ekye /ekje/ | étyé /etʃe/ | kisinza /kisinza/ | inɛ /inɛ/ | chisulo /tʃiˈsulo/ | ekyeñ /ekjɛɲ/ |
| Gurudumu | hara /hara/ | — | nka /ŋka/ | — | — | khwiro /kʰwiro/ | — |
| Hariri | silikyi /silikʲi/ | silik /silik/ | — | — | — | siliki /siliki/ | — |
| Kitabu | bwok-basa /bwokbasa/ | kalara /kalara/ | kalate /kalate/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | — | buku /buku/ | — |
| Kula | rì /ɾì/ | di /di/ | di /di/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | nyaa /ɲaː/ | kurya /kuɾja/ | di /di/ |
| Kunywa | sɔ /sɔ/ | nyu /ɲu/ | nyu /ɲu/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | nɔ /nɔ/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | nyu /ɲu/ |
| Moja | gwiniŋ /ɡwiniŋ/ | fok /fok/ | fok /fok/ | imo /imo/ | turu /turu/ | chimoza /tʃimoza/ | bok /bok/ |
| Mbili | bà /bà/ | bɛ̌ /bɛ̌/ | bɛ̌ /bɛ̌/ | ibili /iβili/ | lɛy /lɛj/ | viŵiri /viβiɾi/ | bɛ̀ /bɛ̀/ |
| Tatu | tat /tat/ | lɛ́ /lɛ́/ | láá /laː/ | idatu /idatu/ | taandu /taːndu/ | vitatu /vitatu/ | lɛ́ɛ́ /lɛː/ |
| Nne | naas /naːs/ | nyi /ɲì/ | nyin /ɲin/ | inne /inːe/ | nay /naj/ | vinayi /vinaji/ | nyin /ɲiːɲ/ |
| Tano | tungun /tuŋun/ | tán /tán/ | tan /tan/ | itaano /itaːno/ | nnɔ /nːɔ/ | vinkhonde /viŋkʰonde/ | tan /tan/ |
| Mia | naga /naɡa/ | ntɛt /ntɛ̀d/ | ntet /ntet/ | igana /iɡana/ | tɛmdɛrɛ /tɛmdɛrɛ/ | zana /zana/ | ntɛt /ntɛ̀t/ |
| Habari | kèèlé /kèːlé/ | mbɔlɔ /mbɔlɔ/ | mbolo /mbolo/ | mwadita /mwadita/ | yaamɔ /jaːmɔ/ | monire /moniɾe/ | mbolo /mbolo/ |
| Asante | gèyak /ɡèjak/ | akiba /akiba/ | akiba /akiba/ | twabakaba /twaβakaβa/ | gaanaa /ɡaːnaː/ | yewo /jewo/ | akiba /akiba/ |
| Nzuri | ryat /rjat/ | mbaŋ /mbaŋ/ | mbamba /mbamba/ | soga /soɡa/ | seeƞ /sẽː/ | chiweme /tʃiweme/ | mbeng /mbeŋ/ |
| Mpya | pas /pas/ | mkpaman /mkpaman/ | mfefé /mfefe/ | pya /pja/ | kanda /kanda/ | chiphya /tʃipʰja/ | nféféñ /nféféɲ/ |
| Nyekundu | swinang /swinaŋ/ | nyín /ɲín/ | évele /evele/ | laluku /laluku/ | banu /banu/ | swesi /swesi/ | vele /vələ/ |
| Nyeupe | pɛŋ /pɛŋ/ | mfum /mfum/ | éfumulu /efumulu/ | pe /pe/ | pilu /pilu/ | tuŵa /tuβa/ | fum /fum/ |
| Nyeusi | si /si/ | evindi /evindi/ | évindi /evindi/ | pi /pi/ | gɛŋ /ɡɛŋ/ | fipa /fipa/ | vine /vine/ |
| Kijani | gwim-gwim /ɡwimɡwim/ | — | — | — | wɛru /wɛru/ | biriŵiri /biɾiβiɾi/ | kuna /kuna/ |
| Buluu | wilwil /wilwil/ | — | blum /blum/ | bululu /bululu/ | — | bululu /bululu/ | — |
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