Maninkakan
Kimaninkakan cha Kita
Niger-Kongo
Kimaninkakan cha Kita (Maninkakan, "lugha ya Kimaninka") ni lahaja ya Kimanding ya eneo la Kita kusini-magharibi mwa Mali, kati ya nchi ya asili ya Kibambara (kaskazini) na nchi ya asili ya Kimaninka (Guinea). Kundi la Kimanding cha Kita linajumuisha lahaja zinazoeleweka kwa pande zote zinazoenea kutoka Kita kupitia kusini-magharibi mwa Mali hadi mpaka wa Guinea. Kimaninkakan cha Kita kinatambuliwa na Mali kama lugha ya kitaifa pamoja na lahaja nyingine za Kimanding (Kibambara bm, Kixaasongaxango kao, n.k.), likiwa na mipango ya elimu ya lugha mbili tangu mwaka 1985. Kiisimu, lahaja za Kimanding zinashiriki sifa za msingi (mpangilio wa kiima-kitenzi-shamirisho, viashiria vya hali mwishoni mwa kitenzi, miundo ya kiainishi-nomino) lakini hutofautiana katika mifumo ya toni na mahususi ya kimsamiati. Hati ya N'Ko (Souleymane Kanté 1949) hutumika katika baadhi ya jamii kwa uandishi wa Kimanding kwa ujumla.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kimaninkakan cha Kita
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Niger-Kongo
| Maana | Kimaninkakan cha Kita | Kikhassonke | Kidyula | Kimaninka cha Mashariki | Kibambara | Kimaninkakan cha Magharibi | Kimandinka |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | ji /dʒi/ | ji /dʒi/ | ji /dʒi/ | ji /dʒi/ | ji /dʒi/ | jiyo /dʒijo/ | jiyo /dʒijo/ |
| Moto | tasuma /tasuma/ | ta /ta/ | tasuma /tasuma/ | ta /ta/ | tasuma /tasuma/ | ta /ta/ | dimbaa /dimbaː/ |
| Jua | tle /tle/ | tili /tili/ | tile /tile/ | tele /tele/ | tile /tile/ | tilo /tilo/ | tiloo /tiloː/ |
| Mwezi | kalo /kalo/ | kalo /kalo/ | kalo /kalo/ | karo /karo/ | kalo /kalo/ | xaro /xaɾo/ | karoo /karoː/ |
| Nyota | lolo /lolo/ | lolo /lolo/ | lolo /lolo/ | lolo /lolo/ | dolo /dòlo/ | loolo /loːlo/ | looloo /loːloː/ |
| Usiku | su /su/ | su /su/ | su /su/ | su /su/ | su /su/ | suwo /suwo/ | suutoo /suːtoː/ |
| Mvua | sanji /saɲɟi/ | — | sanji /ˈsandʒi/ | sanji /sandʒi/ | sanji /ˈsandʒi/ | sanjiyo /sandʒijo/ | sanjiyo /sandʒijo/ |
| Upepo | fɔɲɔ /fɔɲɔ/ | — | fɔɲɔ /fɔɲɔ/ | fɔɲɔ /fɔɲɔ/ | fiɲɛ /fiɲɛ/ | hoɲo /hoɲo/ | foñoo /foɲoː/ |
| Mama | ba /ba/ | ba /ba/ | ba /ba/ | ba /ba/ | ba /ba/ | na /na/ | baa /baː/ |
| Baba | fa /fa/ | fa /fa/ | fa /fa/ | fa /fa/ | fa /fa/ | ha /ha/ | faa /faː/ |
| Mimi | ne /ne/ | ne /ne/ | n /ŋ́/ | ne /ne/ | ne /nè/ | nte /n̩te/ | nte /nte/ |
| Wewe | i /i/ | i /i/ | i /í/ | i /i/ | i /í/ | ite /ite/ | ite /ite/ |
| Sisi | an /án/ | an /an/ | an /án/ | an /an/ | an /án/ | ilan / ntelu /ilã / n̩telu/ | ntolu /ntolu/ |
| Jina | tɔɔ /tɔː/ | toxo /toxo/ | tɔgɔ /tɔ́ɡɔ/ | tɔɔ /tɔː/ | tɔgɔ /tɔ̀ɡɔ/ | toxo /toxo/ | too /toː/ |
| Jicho | ña /ɲa/ | ɲa /ɲa/ | ɲɛ /ɲɛ/ | ɲa /ɲa/ | ɲɛ /ɲɛ/ | ɲa /ɲa/ | ñaa /ɲaː/ |
| Sikio | tulo /tulo/ | tulu /tulu/ | tulo /tulo/ | tolo /tolo/ | tulo /tulo/ | tulo /tulo/ | tuloo /tuloː/ |
| Pua | nun /nũ/ | nun /nũ/ | nun /nũ/ | nun /nũ/ | nun /nũ/ | nunŋo /nũŋo/ | nuŋo /nuŋo/ |
| Jino | ɲin /ɲĩ/ | ɲin /ɲĩ/ | ɲin /ɲĩ/ | ɲin /ɲĩ/ | ɲin /ɲĩ/ | ɲinŋo /ɲĩŋo/ | ñiŋo /ɲiŋo/ |
| Ulimi | nɛn /nɛn/ | nɛn /nɛn/ | nɛn /nɛn/ | nɛn /nɛn/ | nɛn /nɛn/ | nenŋo /nẽŋo/ | neŋo /neŋo/ |
| Mkono | bolo /bolo/ | bulu /bulu/ | bolo /bolo/ | bolo /bolo/ | bolo /bolo/ | bulo /bulo/ | buloo /buloː/ |
| Moyo | dusu /dusu/ | dusu /dusu/ | dusu /dusu/ | jusu /dʒusu/ | dusu /dusu/ | jusukunŋo /dʒusukũŋo/ | sondomoo /sondomoː/ |
| Mfupa | kulu /kulu/ | xulu /xulu/ | kolo /kolo/ | kolo /kolo/ | kolo /kolo/ | xulo /xulo/ | kuloo /kuloː/ |
| Damu | joli /dʒoli/ | jelu /dʒelu/ | joli /dʒoli/ | jeli /dʒeli/ | joli /dʒoli/ | jelo /dʒelo/ | yeloo /jeloː/ |
| Upendo | kanu /kanu/ | kanu /kanu/ | kanu /kanu/ | kanin /kanĩ/ | kanu /kanu/ | kanu /kanu/ | kanu /kanu/ |
| Mti | yiri /jiɾi/ | yiri /jiɾi/ | yiri /jiri/ | yiri /jiɾi/ | jiri /dʒiri/ | yiro /jiɾo/ | yiroo /jiroː/ |
| Mbwa | wulu /wulu/ | wulu /wulu/ | wulu /wulu/ | wulu /wulu/ | wulu /wulu/ | wulo /wulo/ | wuloo /wuloː/ |
| Paka | ñaakuma /ɲaːkuma/ | jakuma /dʒakuma/ | jakuma /dʒakuma/ | ɲaari /ɲaːri/ | jakuma /dʒakuma/ | ɲaaro /ɲaːɾo/ | ñankuma /ɲankuma/ |
| Samaki | jɛgɛ /dʒɛɡɛ/ | ɲege /ɲeɡe/ | jɛgɛ /dʒɛɡɛ/ | jɛɛ /dʒɛː/ | jɛgɛ /dʒɛɡɛ/ | yego /jeɡo/ | ñewo /ɲewo/ |
| Ndege | kɔnɔ /kɔnɔ/ | — | kɔnɔ /kɔnɔ/ | kɔnɔ /kɔnɔ/ | kɔnɔ /kɔnɔ/ | xono /xono/ | kunoo /kunoː/ |
| Nyumba | so /so/ | so /so/ | so /so/ | bon /bon/ | so /so/ | bunŋo /bũŋo/ | buŋo /buŋo/ |
| Maziwa | nɔnɔ /nɔnɔ/ | nɔnɔ /nɔnɔ/ | nɔnɔ /nɔnɔ/ | nɔnɔ /nɔnɔ/ | nɔnɔ /nɔnɔ/ | nono /nono/ | nonoo /nonoː/ |
| Chumvi | kɔgɔ /kɔɡɔ/ | kɔgɔ /kɔɡɔ/ | kɔgɔ /kɔɡɔ/ | kɔɔ /kɔː/ | kɔgɔ /kɔɡɔ/ | xooxo /xoːxo/ | koo /koː/ |
| Mvinyo | ɛrɛsɛnji /ɛrɛsɛndʒi/ | — | divɛn /divɛ̃/ | — | diwɛn /diwɛn/ | eresendolo /eɾesendolo/ | wayinoo /wajinoː/ |
| Chuma | neke /neke/ | nege /neɡe/ | nɛgɛ /nɛɡɛ/ | nɛɛ /nɛː/ | nɛgɛ /nɛɡɛ/ | nego /neɡo/ | nee /neː/ |
| Kula | don /don/ | domu /domu/ | dun /dun/ | domun /domũ/ | dun /dũ/ | domo /domo/ | domo /domo/ |
| Kunywa | min /min/ | min /min/ | min /min/ | min /min/ | min /min/ | min /mĩ/ | miŋ /miŋ/ |
| Moja | kelen /kelen/ | kilin /kilin/ | kelen /kelen/ | kelen /kelen/ | kelen /kelen/ | kilin /kilĩ/ | kiliŋ /kiliŋ/ |
| Mbili | fila /fila/ | fula /fula/ | fila /fìla/ | fila /fila/ | fila /fìla/ | hula /hula/ | fula /fula/ |
| Tatu | saba /saba/ | saba /saba/ | saba /saba/ | saba /saba/ | saba /saba/ | saba /saba/ | saba /saba/ |
| Nne | naani /naːni/ | naani /naːni/ | naani /naːni/ | naani /naːni/ | naani /naːni/ | naani /naːni/ | naani /naːni/ |
| Tano | loolu /lóːlu/ | luulu /luːlu/ | duuru /dúːru/ | loolu /loːlu/ | duuru /duːru/ | luulu /luːlu/ | luulu /luːlu/ |
| Habari | i ni soɣoma /i ni soɣoma/ | i ni sogoma /i ni soɡoma/ | i ni sɔgɔma /i ni sɔɡɔma/ | i ni se /i ni se/ | i ni ce /i ni tʃɛ/ | — /—/ | salaam /salaːm/ |
| Asante | i ni baara /i ni baːɾa/ | i ni baara /i ni baːɾa/ | i ni ce /i ni tʃe/ | i ni ce /i ni tʃe/ | i ni ce /i ni tʃɛ/ | — /—/ | abaraka /abaraka/ |
| Nzuri | ñuman /ɲuman/ | nyi /ɲi/ | ɲuman /ɲuman/ | ka ɲi /ka ɲi/ | ka ɲi /ka ɲi/ | ɲima /ɲima/ | beteyaa /betejaː/ |
| Nyekundu | bilen /bileɲ/ | wuleŋ /wuleŋ/ | bilen /bilen/ | wulen /wulen/ | bilen /bilen/ | wulen /wulẽ/ | wuleŋ /wuleŋ/ |
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