Kanien'kéha
莫霍克语
易洛魁语系（北部）
莫霍克语（Kanien'kéha）是现存最大的易洛魁语族语言之一，发源于莫霍克河谷。它高度多式综合，音位数量相对较少，约有15至16个，其中辅音约10个。在阿克维萨斯内和卡纳瓦克，活跃的语言复兴工作正在进行。
使用地区
莫霍克语的87个核心词
来源
单词比较
与同属易洛魁语系（北部）的语言比较
| 含义 | 莫霍克语 | 奥奈达语 | 翁农达加语 | 卡尤加语 | 塔斯卡罗拉语 | 尤卡坦玛雅语 | 沃莱塔语 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 水 | ohné:kanos /ohnéːɡanos/ | one:kánus /oneːkánũs/ | ohnéganos /ohnéɡanos/ | ohneganóhs /ohneɡanóhs/ | awę: /awɛ̃ː/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | haatta /haːtːa/ |
| 火 | otsénhaʼ /odzʌ̃́haʔ/ | o:tsísteʼ /oːdʒísteʔ/ | odékhaʼ /odékʰaʔ/ | odé:kaʼ /odéːkaʔ/ | ujihst /udʒihst/ | kʼáakʼ /kʼaːkʼ/ | tama /tama/ |
| 太阳 | karáhkwa /karáhkwa/ | kalahkwaʼ /kalahkwaʔ/ | gaehʼkwa /ɡaehʔkwa/ | gá:gwa:ʼ /ɡáːɡwaːʔ/ | hęhts /hɛ̃hts/ | kʼiin /kʼiːn/ | awa /awa/ |
| 月亮 | ehníta /ehníːta/ | wʌhní:taleʼ /wʌ̃hníːtaleʔ/ | gaehʼkwa enitha /ɡaehʔkwa enitha/ | ęhníʼda:ʼ /ɛ̃hníʔdaːʔ/ | hęhts uri:węh /hɛ̃hts uɾiːwɛ̃h/ | uj /uh/ | aginaa /aɡinaː/ |
| 星 | otsistohkwaʼ /otsistohkwaʔ/ | otsistóhkwaʼ /odʒistóhkwaʔ/ | otsistoʼgwaʼ /odʒistoʔɡwaʔ/ | ojihsǫ́:da:ʼ /odʒihsṍːdaːʔ/ | utsíhstaʼ /utsíhstaʔ/ | eekʼ /eːkʼ/ | xoolinttee /tʼoːlintːeː/ |
| 晚上 | ahsútha /ahsṹtʰa/ | wahsutáti /wahsũtáti/ | ahsų́t /ahsṹt/ | ahsǫheh /ahsõheh/ | ahthathu /ahθaθu/ | áakʼabʼ /aːkʼaɓ/ | qamma /kʼamːa/ |
| 雪 | óniehte /ónjehte/ | onyʌ́hteʼ /onjʌ̃́hteʔ/ | óʼgęʼ /óʔɡɛ̃ːʔ/ | oʼgraʼ /oʔɡraʔ/ | — | nieve /njebe/ | suuppa shachcha /suːpːa ʃatʃːa/ |
| 风 | óweraʼ /óweraʔ/ | owe:lá /oweːlá/ | ó·wæʼ /óːwæʔ/ | owá:deʼ /owáːdeʔ/ | — | iikʼ /iːkʼ/ | carkko /tsʼarkːo/ |
| 土 | ohóntsaʼ /ohṹtsaʔ/ | ohwʌ́tsyaʼ /ohwʌ̃́tsjaʔ/ | — | ohéhdaʼ /ohéhdaʔ/ | — | luʼum /luʔum/ | saʼaa /saʔaː/ |
| 石头 | onén:iaʼ /onʌ̃́ːjaʔ/ | onʌ:yá: /onʌ̃ːjáː/ | — | ga̱hsgwa:ʼ /ɡḁhskwaːʔ/ | — | tuunich /tuːˈnitʃ/ | shuchcha /ʃutʃːa/ |
| 山 | onón:ta /onṹːta/ | otstʌhleʼkó /otstʌ̃hleʔkó/ | — | — | — | wiits /wiːts/ | deriya /derija/ |
| 海 | kanientaraʼkehkó:wa /kanjʌ̃taraʔkehkóːwa/ | kanyatalá:ke /kanjataláːke/ | — | — | — | kʼáaʼnáab /kʼaːʔnaːb/ | abbaa /abːaː/ |
| 母亲 | istá /istá/ | aknulha /aknũlha/ | ekno:haʼ /eknoːhaʔ/ | knó:haʼ /knóːhaʔ/ | raknų:hak /ɾaknũːhak/ | naʼ /naʔ/ | aayyiyo /aːjːijo/ |
| 父亲 | rakeʼníha /rakeʔníha/ | — /—/ | hakʼno:haʼ /hakʔnoːhaʔ/ | haʼnih /haʔnih/ | rakhnih /ɾakhnih/ | taata /taːta/ | aawa /aːwa/ |
| 女儿 | kheién:ʼa /kʰejẽ́ːʔa/ | kheyʌ́:ha /kʰejʌ̃́ːha/ | khehá·wah /kʰeháːwah/ | kehá:wahk /keháːwahk/ | — | x aal /ʃaːl/ | naʼiyo /naʔijo/ |
| 我 | í:ʼi /íːʔi/ | iʼí /iʔí/ | iʼ /iʔ/ | i:ʼ /iːʔ/ | í:ʼ /iːʔ/ | teen /teːn/ | taani /taːni/ |
| 你 | í:seʼ /íːseʔ/ | isé /isé/ | is /is/ | i:s /iːs/ | í:saʼ /iːsaʔ/ | teech /teːtʃ/ | neeni /neːni/ |
| 我们 | í:ʼi /íːʔi/ | iʼí /iʔí/ | iʼ /iʔ/ | i:ʼ /iːʔ/ | í:ʼ /iːʔ/ | toʼon /toʔon/ | nuuni /nuːni/ |
| 名字 | kahsén:na /kahsʌ̃́ːna/ | ohsʌ:ná: /ohsʌ̃ːnáː/ | yaʼts /jaʔts/ | ga̱hsę́:naʼ /ɡḁhsɛ̃́ːnaʔ/ | utshe:naʼ /utsʰeːnaʔ/ | kʼaabaʼ /kʼaːɓaʔ/ | sunttaa /suntːaː/ |
| 人 | ón:kwe /ṹːɡwe/ | ukwé /ũkwé/ | ų́·gweh /ṹːɡweh/ | ǫ́:gweh /ṍːɡweh/ | — | máak /maːk/ | asaa /asaː/ |
| 头 | onón:tsi /onṹːtsi/ | — | — | onǫ́ʼa:ʼ /onṍʔaːʔ/ | — | pool /poːl/ | huuphiya /huːpʼija/ |
| 眼睛 | okà:raʼ /okàːraʔ/ | oká:laʼ /okáːlaʔ/ | oga:thaʼ /oɡaːtʰaʔ/ | ogáhaʼ /oɡáhaʔ/ | ka:tæk /kaːtæk/ | ich /itʃ/ | ayfee /ajfeː/ |
| 耳朵 | ohónhtaʼ /ohṹhtaʔ/ | ohúhtaʼ /ohṹhtaʔ/ | ohų́hdaʼ /ohṹhdaʔ/ | — | — | xikin /ʃikin/ | hayttaa /hajtːaː/ |
| 鼻子 | oʼniónhsaʼ /oʔnjṹhsaʔ/ | oʼnyúhsaʼ /oʔnjṹhsaʔ/ | — | oʼnyǫ́hsaʼ /oʔɲṍhsaʔ/ | — | niʼ /niʔ/ | siiriya /siːrija/ |
| 牙 | onáwiraʼ /onáwiraʔ/ | onawi:lá: /onawiːláː/ | onóʼjaʼ /onóʔdʒaʔ/ | onóʼjaʼ /onóʔdʒaʔ/ | uʼtuʼth /əʔtuʔθ/ | koh /koh/ | achcha /atʃːa/ |
| 舌头 | oʼnáhsaʼ /oʔnã́hsaʔ/ | oʼnáhsaʼ /oʔnáhsaʔ/ | oʼnahsaʼ /oʔnahsaʔ/ | awę́ʼno̱hsaʼ /awɛ̃́ʔno̥hsaʔ/ | uʼtahs /əʔtahs/ | aakʼ /aːkʼ/ | inxxarssa /intʼarsːa/ |
| 手 | ohtsà:na /ohtsaːna/ | osnúhsaʼ /osnṹhsaʔ/ | onénǫhsaʼ /onénõhsaʔ/ | ohsóhdaʼ /ohsóhdaʔ/ | kéhskweh /kehskweh/ | kʼabʼ /kʼaɓ/ | kushiyaa /kuʃijaː/ |
| 脚 | ohsì:taʼ /ohsìːtaʔ/ | ohsí:taʼ /ohsíːtaʔ/ | ohsiʼtaʼ /ohsiʔtaʔ/ | ohsiʼdaʼ /ohsiʔdaʔ/ | káhseh /kahseh/ | ook /oːk/ | tohuwa /tohuwa/ |
| 心 | awerì:ʼa /aweɾìːʔa/ | awelyá:ne /aweljáːne/ | awé:ri /awéːri/ | awę́yǫ̱hsaʼ /awɛ̃́jõ̥hsaʔ/ | kęhsaʼ /kɛ̃hsaʔ/ | puksiʼikʼal /puksiʔikʼal/ | wozanaa /wozanaː/ |
| 骨头 | ohstyenʼ /ohstjʌ̃ʔ/ | ostyʌ́ʼtaʼ /ostjʌ̃́ʔtaʔ/ | ostyęʼtaʼ /ostjɛ̃ʔtaʔ/ | ohsgyę́ʼda:ʼ /ohskjɛ̃́ʔdaːʔ/ | uhskęʼręh /əhskə̃ʔrəh/ | bʼaak /ɓaːk/ | meqetta /mekʼetːa/ |
| 血 | onekwénhsaʼ /oneɡwʌ̃́hsaʔ/ | onekwʌ́hsaʼ /onekwʌ̃́hsaʔ/ | otkwęhsaʼ /otkwɛ̃hsaʔ/ | tkwęhsæʼ /tkwɛ̃hsaʔ/ | tkwarhaʼ /tkwarhaʔ/ | kʼiʼikʼ /kʼiʔikʼ/ | suutta /suːtːa/ |
| 便便 | óʼta /óʔta/ | o:tá: /oːtáː/ | — | oʼdaʼ /oʔdaʔ/ | — | taʼ /taʔ/ | shiyaa /ʃijaː/ |
| 爱 | khenorónhkhwa /kʰenorṹhkʰwa/ | kanolukhwásla /kanolũkʰwásla/ | gaonihsdá:wę /ɡaonihsdáːwɛ̃/ | ganǫ́hkwahsraʼ /ɡanṍhkwahsraʔ/ | krunyę:tas /kɾuɲɛ̃ːtas/ | yaakuntej /jaːkunteh/ | siiqaa /siːqaː/ |
| 树 | ó:kwire /óːkʷire/ | kalu:tóteʼ /kalũːtóteʔ/ | ga:endaʼ /ɡaːendaʔ/ | gra̱he:t /ɡrḁheːt/ | nyęt /ɲɛ̃t/ | cheʼ /tʃeʔ/ | mittaa /mitːaː/ |
| 狗 | érhar /érhar/ | é:lhal /éːlhal/ | só:wa:s /sóːwaːs/ | só:wa:s /sóːwaːs/ | čerʼ /tʃeɾʔ/ | peekʼ /peːkʼ/ | kanaa /kanaː/ |
| 猫 | takò:s /takòːs/ | takóhs /takóhs/ | takó:s /takóːs/ | dagu:s /daɡuːs/ | takʼo:s /takʔoːs/ | miis /miːs/ | gaaduwaa /ɡaːduwaː/ |
| 鱼 | kéntsion /kʌ̃́tsjũ/ | kʌ́tsiʼ /kʌ̃́tsiʔ/ | ojoʼt /odʒoʔt/ | ojǫ́ʼdaʼ /odʒṍʔdaʔ/ | itsh /itʃ/ | kay /kaj/ | moliya /molija/ |
| 鸟 | otsiʼtén:ʼa /otsiʔtʌ̃́ːʔa/ | otsiʼtʌ́haʼ /odʒiʔtʌ̃́haʔ/ | ga·yoʼáh /ɡaːjoʔáh/ | jidę́:ʼęh /dʒidɛ̃́ːʔɛ̃h/ | — | chʼíichʼ /tʃʼiːtʃʼ/ | kafo /kafo/ |
| 蝴蝶 | tsiʼktsinén:nawen /tsiʔktsinéːnawen/ | kana:wʌ́ /kanaːwʌ̃́/ | — | jiʼdana:wę: /dʒiʔdanaːwɛ̃ː/ | — | péepen /peːpen/ | muqo /mukʼo/ |
| 鸡蛋 | oʼnhónhsa /oʔnhṹhsa/ | oʼnhúhsaʼ /oʔnhṹhsaʔ/ | oʼnhų́hsaʼ /oʔnhṹhsaʔ/ | oʼnhǫ́hsaʼ /oʔnhṍhsaʔ/ | — | jeʼ /heʔ/ | phuuphulliya /pʼuːpʼulːija/ |
| 熊 | ohkwá:ri /ohkwáːri/ | ohkwa:lí /ohkwaːlí/ | — | hnyagwaiʼ /hɲaɡwaiʔ/ | uhčíhręʼ /əhtʃihɾə̃ʔ/ | oso /oso/ | beere /beːre/ |
| 马 | akohsá:tens /akohsáːtʌ̃s/ | kohsa:tʌ́s /kohsaːtʌ̃́s/ | gohsádę·s /ɡohsádɛ̃ːs/ | — | — | tsíimin /tsiːmin/ | paraa /paraː/ |
| 房子 | kanónhsaʼ /kanṹhsaʔ/ | kanúhsote /kanṹhsote/ | ganǫhsoht /ɡanõhsoht/ | ganǫ́hsaʼ /ɡanṍhsaʔ/ | kanéhseʼę /kanehseʔɛ̃/ | naj /nah/ | keettaa /keːtːaː/ |
| 牛奶 | onòn:taʼ /onũ̀ːtaʔ/ | onú:taʼ /onṹːtaʔ/ | — | onǫ́ʼgwaʼ /onṍʔɡwaʔ/ | — | leche /letʃe/ | maatta /maːtːa/ |
| 盐 | tyohyòtsis /tjohjòtsis/ | teyohyó:tsis /tejohjóːdʒis/ | — | ojíkeʼdaʼ /odʒíkeʔdaʔ/ | — | taʼab /taʔaɓ/ | maxiniyaa /matʼinijaː/ |
| 葡萄酒 | otsítsia /otsítsja/ | — | — | — | — | vino /bino/ | woine eessa /woine eːsːa/ |
| 米 | onatsakén:ra /onatsakʌ̃́ːra/ | watnʌʼʌ́:kwas /watnʌ̃ʔʌ̃́ːkwas/ | — | — | — | arroz /aros/ | ruuziya /ruːzija/ |
| 巧克力 | thiákeret /tʰjáːɡeɾet/ | — | — | — | — | chukwaʼ /tʃukwaʔ/ | — |
| 铁 | karístatsi /karístatsi/ | — | — | ga̱hnyǫ́ʼǫhsraʼ /ɡḁhɲṍʔõhsraʔ/ | — | máaskab /maːskab/ | birataa /birataː/ |
| 轮子 | okakwenta /okakʷenta/ | — | — | węʼníhsga:ʼ /wɛ̃ʔníhsɡaːʔ/ | ukaʼneh /ukaʔneh/ | rueda /rweda/ | irzzuwaa /irzːuwaː/ |
| 丝 | kà:nheks /kàːnheks/ | kaʼnhehsatʌ́sha /kaʔnhehsatʌ̃́sha/ | — | — | — | seda /seda/ | — |
| 书 | kahiatónhsera /kahjatṹhsera/ | kahyatúhsliʼ /kahjatṹhsliʔ/ | — | — | — | juʼun /huʔun/ | maxaafaa /matʼaːfaː/ |
| 吃 | í:keks /íːɡeks/ | — /—/ | ekho:neʼ /ekʰoːneʔ/ | í:ge:s /íːɡeːs/ | kré:nuʼ /kɾeːnuʔ/ | jaant /haːnt/ | miya /miːja/ |
| 喝 | kahnek /kahnek/ | — /—/ | ehnega:iʼron /ehneɡaːiʔron/ | ga̱hnége̱haʼ /ɡḁhnéɡḁhaʔ/ | kré:hwiʼ /kɾeːhwiʔ/ | ukʼul /ukʼul/ | uyiya /ujija/ |
| 睡觉 | wakí:taʼs /wakíːtaʔs/ | — | — | — | — | wenel /wenel/ | xiskkiya /tʼiskːija/ |
| 一 | énska /ʌ̃́ska/ | úskah /ṹskah/ | sgá:da /skáːda/ | sgá:t /skáːt/ | ę:cæ /ɛ̃ːtsæ/ | jun /hun/ | issuwa /isːuwa/ |
| 二 | tékeni /téːɡeni/ | tékni /tékni/ | dégni /déɡni/ | dekní: /dekníː/ | néʼkti /neʔkti/ | kaʼ /kaʔ/ | naaʼʼa /naːʔːa/ |
| 三 | áhsen /áhsʌ̃/ | áhsʌ /áhsʌ̃/ | áhsę /áhsɛ̃/ | ahsę́h /ahsɛ̃́h/ | áhsę /ahsɛ̃/ | óox /ʔoːʃ/ | heezza /heːzːa/ |
| 四 | kaié:ri /ɡajéːɾi/ | kayé: /kajéː/ | gayéi /ɡajéi/ | géi /ɡéi/ | hę́ʼtahk /hɛ̃ʔtahk/ | kan /kan/ | oydda /ʔoidːa/ |
| 五 | wísk /wísk/ | wísk /wísk/ | hwíks /hwíks/ | hwíhs /hwíhs/ | wísk /wisk/ | joʼ /hoʔ/ | ichchasha /itʃːaʃa/ |
| 百 | tewenʼniáwe /tewʌ̃ʔnjáwe/ | tewʌhnyáwelu /tewʌ̃hnjáwelũ/ | — | sgá:t dewę́ʼnyawe:ʼ /skáːt dewɛ̃́ʔɲaweːʔ/ | kayáhstih /kajahstih/ | joʼokʼáal /hoʔokʼaːl/ | xeeta /tʼeːta/ |
| 你好 | shé:kon /ʃéːkon/ | she:kú /sheːkṹ/ | sgë:nǫʼ /skẽːnõʔ/ | sgę́:nǫʼ /skɛ̃́ːnõʔ/ | skę:nu /skɛ̃ːnu/ | baʼax ka waʼalik /baʔaʃ ka waʔalik/ | saro /saro/ |
| 谢谢 | niá:wen /niáːwen/ | ya:wʌ́ /jaːwʌ̃́/ | nya:węʼ /njaːwɛ̃ʔ/ | nya:węh /ɲaːwɛ̃h/ | nyaʼwę: /ɲaʔwɛ̃ː/ | dios boʼotik /dios boʔotik/ | galatay /ɡalataj/ |
| 好 | ioiánere /jojánere/ | skʌ:nʌ́ /skʌ̃ːnʌ̃́/ | oyá:nre /ojáːnre/ | oyá:nreʼ /ojáːnreʔ/ | unę:tsweht /unɛ̃ːtsweht/ | maʼalob /maʔalob/ | loʼo /loʔo/ |
| 新 | á:se /áːse/ | — | — | á:se:ʼ /áːseːʔ/ | — | túumben /tuːmben/ | ooratta /oːratːa/ |
| 红 | onekwènhtara /oneɡwʌ̃̀htara/ | onikwʌ́htalaʼ /onikwʌ̃́htalaʔ/ | otkwę́ʼtaʼ /otkwɛ̃́ʔtaʔ/ | otgwę́hji̱ʼa:ʼ /otɡwɛ̃́hdʒi̥ʔaːʔ/ | utkwatar /utkwatar/ | chak /tʃak/ | zoʼo /zoʔo/ |
| 白 | karà:ken /kaɾàːken/ | owísklaʼ /owísklaʔ/ | owę:héʼsdaʼ /owɛ̃ːhéʔstaʔ/ | gę́ʼgę: /ɡɛ̃́ʔɡɛ̃ː/ | — | sak /sak/ | bootta /boːtːa/ |
| 黑 | kahòn:tsi /kahũ̀ːtsi/ | oʼswʌ́:taʼ /oʔswʌ̃́ːtaʔ/ | — | swę́ʼda̱ʼę:ʼ /swɛ̃́ʔdḁʔɛ̃ːʔ/ | — | box /boʃ/ | karetta /karetːa/ |
| 绿 | óhonteʼ /óhũteʔ/ | awʌ:lá: /awʌ̃ːláː/ | — | onráhda̱ʼę:ʼ /onráhdḁʔɛ̃ːʔ/ | — | yaʼax /jaʔaʃ/ | — |
| 蓝 | orónhia /oɾṹhja/ | olú:yaʼ /olṹːjaʔ/ | — | aǫ́hyaęʼ /aṍhjaɛ̃ʔ/ | — | yaʼax /jaʔaʃ/ | — |
| 茶 | tí /ti/ | — | — | odi: /odiː/ | — | té /te/ | shayiya /ʃajija/ |
| 咖啡 | káwhe /káwhe/ | — | — | ká:fih /káːfih/ | — | café /kafe/ | tukkiya /tukːija/ |
| 糖 | otsikhè:ta /otsikʰèːta/ | onutákliʼ /onũtákliʔ/ | — | nawę́ʼdaʼ /nawɛ̃́ʔdaʔ/ | — | asukaar /asukaːr/ | — |
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