Sampur
Samburu
Famiglia nilo-sahariana (ramo nilotico orientale, gruppo maa — sorella del maasai (mas))
Il samburu (sampur, «coloro che ci tengono uniti») è la lingua del popolo samburu, pastori seminomadi di lingua maa della Frontiera settentrionale del Kenya. Dal punto di vista linguistico, il samburu fa parte del gruppo maa del nilotico orientale insieme al maasai (mas) — sono in larga misura mutuamente intelligibili ma mantengono identità etniche distinte. I samburu sono stati storicamente alleati dei maasai attraverso modelli culturali condivisi (classi d'età guerriere, iniziazione tramite la caccia al leone, rituali incentrati sul bestiame), ma anche del vicino popolo cuscitico dei rendille attraverso il commercio e i matrimoni misti. Il censimento del 2009 ha registrato 310.327 samburu etnici, con la maggior parte dei parlanti anche bilingui in swahili.
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in samburu
Fonti
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: Famiglia nilo-sahariana (ramo nilotico orientale, gruppo maa — sorella del maasai (mas))
| Significato | Samburu | Maa | Ateso | Bari | Kalenjin | Acholi | Luo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | nkare /ŋkare/ | ɛŋare /ɛŋare/ | akipi /akipi/ | piong /piɔŋ/ | beek /beːk/ | pii /piː/ | pi /pi/ |
| Fuoco | nkima /ŋkima/ | ɛnkima /ɛŋkima/ | akim /akim/ | kima /kima/ | maat /maːt/ | mac /matʃ/ | mach /matʃ/ |
| Sole | lakwa /lakʷa/ | enkolong /eŋkoloŋ/ | akolong /akoloŋ/ | kolor /kolor/ | asis /asis/ | ceng /tʃɛŋ/ | chiengʼ /tʃiɛŋ/ |
| Luna | lapa /lapa/ | olapa /olapa/ | elap /elap/ | yapa /japa/ | arawa /arawa/ | dwe /dwe/ | dwe /dwe/ |
| Stella | lakira /lakira/ | olakira /olakira/ | akanyeret /akaɲeret/ | kaserokoti /kaserokoti/ | kokeel /kokeːl/ | lakalatwe /lakalatwɛ/ | sulwe /sulwɛ/ |
| Notte | kewarie /kɛwarie/ | kewarie /kɛwarie/ | akware /akʷare/ | tukwaje /tukʷaje/ | kemeut /kemeut/ | dyewor /dʲɛwor/ | otieno /otiɛno/ |
| Pioggia | nchan /ntʃan/ | ɛnchan /ɛntʃan/ | akiru /akiru/ | kudu /kudu/ | robta /robta/ | kot /kot/ | koth /kɔθ/ |
| Vento | siwuo /siwuo/ | olkutati /olkʊtati/ | ekwam /ekʷam/ | köbuŋöt /kɔbuŋɔt/ | usoonet /usoːnet/ | yamo /jamo/ | yamo /jamo/ |
| Terra | nkop /ŋkop/ | enkop /eŋkop/ | alup /alup/ | kak /kak/ | ng'ung'unyek /ŋuŋuɲek/ | ngom /ŋɔm/ | lowo /loːwo/ |
| Pietra | soit /soit/ | osoit /oˈsoit/ | amoru /amoru/ | ŋurupit /ŋurupit/ | koita /koita/ | kidi /kidi/ | kidi /ˈkidi/ |
| Montagna | ldonyuo /ldoɲuo/ | oldoinyo /oldoiɲo/ | emoru /emoru/ | mere /mere/ | tulwet /tulwet/ | got /ɡot/ | got /ɡɔt/ |
| Mare | mpaso /mpaso/ | enaiposha /enaipoʃa/ | angolol /aŋolol/ | tör na balang /tɔr na balaŋ/ | nyanjet /ɲandʒet/ | nam /nam/ | nam /nam/ |
| Madre | yieyo /jiejo/ | yieyio /jiejio/ | toto /toto/ | ŋote /ŋote/ | kamet /kamet/ | mego /meɡo/ | mama /mama/ |
| Padre | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | baba /baba/ | kwanda /kwanda/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ |
| Figlia | ntito /ntito/ | entito /entito/ | akoku /akoku/ | ŋuro nakwan /ŋuro nakʷan/ | chepto /tʃepto/ | nya /ɲa/ | nyar /ɲar/ |
| Io | nanu /nanu/ | nanʉ /nanʊ/ | eong /eoŋ/ | nan /nan/ | anee /aneː/ | an /an/ | an /an/ |
| Tu | iye /ije/ | iyie /ijie/ | ijo /iɟo/ | do /do/ | inyee /iɲeː/ | in /in/ | in /in/ |
| Noi | iyioo /ijioː/ | iyiook /ijioːk/ | siong /sioŋ/ | yi /ji/ | acheek /atʃeːk/ | wan /wan/ | wan /wan/ |
| Nome | nkarna /ŋkarna/ | enkarna /eŋkarna/ | ekiror /ekiror/ | karin /karin/ | kaina /kaina/ | nying /ɲiŋ/ | nying /ɲiŋ/ |
| Persona | ltungani /ltuŋani/ | oltungani /oltuŋani/ | etunganan /etuŋanan/ | ŋutu /ŋutu/ | chiito /tʃiːto/ | dano /dano/ | dhano /ðano/ |
| Testa | nkue /ŋkue/ | ɛlukunya /ɛlʊkʊɲa/ | akou /akou/ | kwe /kʷe/ | metit /metit/ | wic /witʃ/ | wich /witʃ/ |
| Occhio | nkoŋu /ŋkoŋu/ | ɛŋɔŋu /ɛŋɔŋu/ | akongu /akoŋu/ | kongi /koŋɡi/ | konda /konda/ | wang /waŋ/ | wangʼ /waŋ/ |
| Orecchio | nkiook /ŋkiˈoːk/ | enkiook /ɛnkiˈoːk/ | akit /akit/ | swot /swot/ | itit /itit/ | it /it/ | it /it/ |
| Naso | nkume /ŋkume/ | enkume /ɛnˈkume/ | ekume /ekume/ | kume /kume/ | serut /serut/ | um /um/ | um /um/ |
| Bocca | nkutuk /ŋkutuk/ | enkutuk /ɛŋkʊtʊk/ | akituk /akituk/ | kutuk /kutuk/ | kutit /kutit/ | dog /doɡ/ | dhok /ðok/ |
| Dente | lalai /lalai/ | olalai /olalai/ | ekialai /ekialai/ | kele /kele/ | kelet /kelet/ | lak /lak/ | lak /lak/ |
| Lingua | lngejep /lŋɛɟɛp/ | olngejep /ɔlŋɛɟɛp/ | angajep /aŋaɟep/ | ŋadap /ŋadap/ | ngelyepta /ŋeljepta/ | leb /lɛb/ | lep /lɛp/ |
| Mano | nkaina /ŋkaina/ | ɛŋaina /ɛŋaina/ | akan /akan/ | könin /kɔnin/ | eut /eut/ | cing /tʃiŋ/ | lwedo /lwɛdo/ |
| Piede | nkeju /ŋkedʒu/ | enkeju /ɛnkɛdʒʊ/ | akeju /akeɟu/ | moköt /mokɔt/ | keldo /keldo/ | tyen /tʲɛn/ | tielo /tiɛlo/ |
| Cuore | ltau /ltau/ | oltau /oltau/ | etau /etau/ | töili /tɔili/ | muguleldo /muɡuleldo/ | cwiny /tʃwiɲ/ | chuny /tʃuɲ/ |
| Osso | loito /loito/ | oloito /oloito/ | akoyit /akojit/ | kuyutio /kujutio/ | kowet /kowet/ | cogo /tʃoɡo/ | chogo /tʃoɡo/ |
| Sangue | lodo /loɗo/ | osarge /osarɡe/ | awokot /awokot/ | rima /rima/ | korotik /korotik/ | remo /rɛmo/ | remo /rɛmo/ |
| Cacca | nkik /ŋkik/ | inkik /iŋkik/ | acin /atʃin/ | korodo /korodo/ | ng'atatek /ŋatatek/ | cet /tʃɛt/ | chieth /tʃiɛθ/ |
| Amore | eitalu /eitalu/ | eitalu /eitalu/ | akimina /akimina/ | nyar /ɲar/ | chamyet /tʃamjet/ | mar /mar/ | hera /hera/ |
| Albero | lchani /ltʃani/ | olchani /oltʃani/ | ekitoi /ekitoi/ | ködini /kɔdini/ | keetit /keːtit/ | yat /jat/ | yath /jaθ/ |
| Cane | ldia /ldia/ | oldia /oldia/ | ekingok /ekiŋok/ | ’dioŋ /ɗioŋ/ | ses /ses/ | gwok /ɡʷok/ | guok /ɡuok/ |
| Gatto | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | ekapa /ekapa/ | lupa /lupa/ | paka /paka/ | ngabu /ŋabu/ | paka /paka/ |
| Pesce | singirr /siŋɡirː/ | osingirri /osiŋɡirːi/ | ekoleit /ekoleit/ | sumuti /sumuti/ | njiryot /ndʒirjot/ | rec /rɛtʃ/ | rech /rɛtʃ/ |
| Uccello | nkueenyi /ŋkuɛːɲi/ | motonyi /moˈtoɲi/ | akweny /akʷeɲ/ | kwenti /kʷenti/ | taritiet /taritiet/ | winyo /wiɲo/ | winyo /wiɲo/ |
| Uovo | mboliboli /mboliboli/ | olmosori /olmosori/ | abeet /abeet/ | katulukuti /katulukuti/ | mayaiyat /majaijat/ | tong /toŋ/ | tongʼ /toŋ/ |
| Cavallo | mbarta /mbarta/ | ɛmbarta /ɛmbarta/ | ebalasit /ebalasit/ | kusan /kusan/ | mbartanyit /mbartaɲit/ | aguragura /aɡuraɡura/ | faras /faras/ |
| Casa | nkang /ŋkaŋ/ | engʼaji /ɛŋadʒi/ | etogo /etoɡo/ | kadi /kadi/ | gaa /ɡaː/ | ot /ot/ | ot /ot/ |
| Latte | kule /kule/ | kule /kule/ | akile /akile/ | le /le/ | chego /tʃeɡo/ | cak /tʃak/ | chak /tʃak/ |
| Miele | naicho ee lotoro /naitʃo eː lotoro/ | enaisho /enaiʃo/ | asik /asik/ | siwatat /siwatat/ | kumyat /kumjat/ | kic /kitʃ/ | mor kich /mor kitʃ/ |
| Sale | nkisiicho /ŋkisiːtʃo/ | ɛmunyan /ɛmuɲan/ | abalang /abalaŋ/ | alang /alaŋ/ | munyek /muɲek/ | kado /kado/ | chumbi /tʃumbi/ |
| Vino | naichuo e lmusabibu /naitʃuo e lmusabibu/ | enaisho oo sabibu /enaiʃo oː sabibu/ | ebino /ebino/ | binyo /biɲo/ | divai /divai/ | bwino /bwino/ | divai /divai/ |
| Ferro | senkei /seŋkei/ | olchuma /ɔltʃʊma/ | asowat /asowat/ | witi /witi/ | karnet /karnet/ | nyonyo /ɲoɲo/ | nyinyo /ˈɲiɲo/ |
| Libro | mbuku /mbuku/ | embuku /embuku/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | buk /buk/ | bukuit /bukuit/ | buk /buk/ | buk /buk/ |
| Mangiare | anya /aɲa/ | anya /aɲa/ | akinyam /akiɲam/ | nyesu /ɲesu/ | am /am/ | cam /tʃam/ | chiemo /tʃiemo/ |
| Bere | oŋg /oŋɡ/ | oŋg /oŋɡ/ | akimat /akimat/ | möju /mɔju/ | ee /eː/ | mat /mat/ | madho /maðo/ |
| Dormire | airura /airura/ | airura /airʊra/ | ajo /aɟo/ | doto /doto/ | ru /ru/ | nino /nino/ | nindo /nindo/ |
| Uno | obo /obo/ | obo /obo/ | ediopet /ediopet/ | geleŋ /ɡeleŋ/ | agenge /aɡeŋe/ | acel /atʃɛl/ | achiel /atʃiɛl/ |
| Due | aare /aːre/ | aare /aːre/ | iarei /iarei/ | murek /murek/ | aeng /aeŋ/ | aryo /arjo/ | ariyo /arijo/ |
| Tre | uni /uni/ | uni /uni/ | iuni /iuni/ | musala /musala/ | somok /somok/ | adek /adek/ | adek /adek/ |
| Quattro | ongwan /oŋwan/ | ongwan /oŋwan/ | iwongon /iwoŋon/ | ŋwan /ŋwan/ | angwan /aŋwan/ | angwen /aŋwɛn/ | angʼwen /aŋwɛn/ |
| Cinque | imiet /imiet/ | imiet /imiɛt/ | ikany /ikaɲ/ | mukanat /mukanat/ | muut /muːt/ | abic /abitʃ/ | abich /abitʃ/ |
| Cento | ip /ip/ | ip /iːp/ | akwatat /akʷatat/ | mia /mia/ | bogol /boɡol/ | miya /mija/ | mia /mia/ |
| Ciao | sopa /sopa/ | sopa /sopa/ | yoga /joɡa/ | madaŋ /madaŋ/ | chamege /tʃameɡe/ | itye nining /itʲɛ niniŋ/ | misawa /misawa/ |
| Grazie | ashe /aʃe/ | ashe /aʃe/ | eyalama /ejalama/ | tinate /tinate/ | kongoi /koŋoi/ | apwoyo /apwojo/ | erokamano /erokamano/ |
| Buono | supat /supat/ | sidai /sidai/ | ejok /eɟok/ | ’but /ɓut/ | karaaran /karaːran/ | ber /ber/ | maber /maber/ |
| Nuovo | ŋejuk /ŋedʒuk/ | ŋejuk /ŋedʒuk/ | lokitetet /lokitetet/ | ludukotyo /ludukotjo/ | leel /leːl/ | manyen /maɲɛn/ | manyien /maɲien/ |
| Rosso | nanyokie /naɲokie/ | nanyokie /naɲokie/ | lokarengan /lokareŋan/ | lotor /lotor/ | birirben /birirben/ | makwar /makwar/ | makwar /makwar/ |
| Bianco | naibor /naiˈbor/ | naibor /naibor/ | akwang /akʷaŋ/ | lokwe /lokwe/ | leel /leːl/ | tar /tar/ | rachar /ratʃar/ |
| Nero | narok /narok/ | narok /narok/ | lokirionon /lokirionon/ | lurwö /lurwɔ/ | tuui /tuːi/ | macol /matʃol/ | ratengʼ /ratɛŋ/ |
| Verde | nanyori /naɲori/ | nanyori /naɲori/ | — | loŋem /loŋem/ | nyalil /ɲalil/ | atworo /atworo/ | — |
| Blu | kapatei /kapatei/ | pus /pus/ | lobululu /lobululu/ | lomurye /lomurje/ | arus /arus/ | mabulu /mabulu/ | rambulu /rambulu/ |
| Tè | chai /tʃai/ | shai /ʃai/ | ecai /etʃai/ | — | — | cai /tʃai/ | chai /tʃai/ |
| 99 | ntomoni saal o saal /ntomoni saːl o saːl/ | ntomoni naaudo o naaudo /ntomoni naːudo o naːudo/ | akaisakany kaungon ka ikanykawongon /akaisakaɲ kauŋon ka ikaɲkawoŋon/ | merya buŋwan wot buŋwan /merja buŋwan wot buŋwan/ | tamanwogik sogol ak sogol /tamanwoɡik soɡol ak soɡol/ | pyere abongwen wiye abongwen /pjere aboŋwɛn wije aboŋwɛn/ | piero ochiko gochiko /piero otʃiko ɡotʃiko/ |
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