Ngunnawal
pama-nyunga
Il ngunnawal (anche ngunawal, yuin) è una lingua pama-nyungana del sottogruppo yuin-kuric, la lingua tradizionale del popolo ngunnawal dell'Australian Capital Territory e del sud-est del Nuovo Galles del Sud circostante. Il Paese ngunnawal comprende l'intero bacino di Canberra e l'altopiano della Yass Valley. Gli ultimi parlanti L1 fluenti si spensero all'inizio del XX secolo dopo gravi sconvolgimenti coloniali, ma lo United Ngunnawal Elders Council e l'ACT Aboriginal Language Centre hanno guidato un'attiva rinascita comunitaria dagli anni '90, con circa 5.000 apprendenti del patrimonio attraverso programmi scolastici alla Australian National University e nelle scuole pubbliche dell'ACT. Il vocabolario ngunnawal tradizionale sopravvive nei toponimi dell'area di Canberra (Tidbinbilla, Tuggeranong, Murrumbidgee), ed è sempre più usato nelle cerimonie di benvenuto e nella segnaletica pubblica dell'ACT.
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in ngunnawal
Fonti
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: pama-nyunga
| Significato | Ngunnawal | Wiradjuri | Nhanda | Martu wangka | Pintupi-Luritja | Pitjantjatjara | Walmajarri |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | kungal /kuŋal/ | galing /ˈɡaliŋ/ | kapi /kapi/ | kapi /kapi/ | kapi /kapi/ | kapi /kapi/ | ngapa /ˈŋapa/ |
| Fuoco | warba /waɻba/ | wiiny /wiːɲ/ | warla /waɻla/ | waru /waɻu/ | waru /waɻu/ | waru /waɻu/ | warlu /ˈwaɭu/ |
| Sole | winyu /wiɲu/ | yiray /ˈjiɻaj/ | wurʼa /wuɾʔa/ | jirntu /ciɳʈu/ | tjintu /cintu/ | tjintu /cintu/ | purangu /puɻaŋu/ |
| Luna | birrang /biɻaŋ/ | giwang /ˈɡiwaŋ/ | kanyala /kaɲala/ | panyalpa /paɲalpa/ | pira /piɻa/ | pira /piɻa/ | yakarn /jakaɳ/ |
| Stella | dyurra /ɟura/ | giralang /ˈɡiɻalaŋ/ | indiya /indija/ | kurtalya /kuʈaʎa/ | kililpi /kiˈlilpi/ | kililpil /kiˈlilpil/ | wirl /wiɭ/ |
| Notte | kaku /kaku/ | ngurung /ˈŋuruŋ/ | maru /maru/ | munga /muŋa/ | munga /muŋa/ | munga /muŋa/ | pukanya /pukaɲa/ |
| Pioggia | garrit /ɡaɻit/ | — | pundu /pundu/ | — | — | mina /ˈmina/ | ngapa /ˈŋapa/ |
| Terra | dhaura /d̪auɻa/ | dhaagun /ˈd̪aːɡun/ | — | manta /manta/ | manta /manta/ | manta /manta/ | nguwa /ˈŋuwa/ |
| Pietra | wullung /wuluŋ/ | walang /ˈwalaŋ/ | — | yapu /japu/ | puḻi /puɭi/ | apu /apu/ | pamarr /ˈpamar/ |
| Madre | guni /ɡuni/ | gunhi /ˈɡun̪i/ | ngamaji /ŋamadʒi/ | yipi /jipi/ | ngunytju /ŋuɲcu/ | ngunytju /ŋuɲcu/ | ngamaji /ŋaˈmaɟi/ |
| Padre | pumba /pumba/ | babiin /ˈbabiːn/ | kuthurra /kutʰuɻa/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | ngarpu /ŋaɻpu/ |
| Io | ngaya /ŋaja/ | ngadhu /ˈŋad̪u/ | ngayi /ŋaji/ | ngayu /ŋaju/ | ngayulu /ŋajulu/ | ngayulu /ŋajulu/ | ngaju /ŋaɟu/ |
| Tu | ngindu /ŋindu/ | ngindhu /ˈŋind̪u/ | nyini /ɲini/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ |
| Noi | gulanyin / gulanyilla /ɡulaɲin / ɡulaɲila/ | ngiyani /ŋiˈjani/ | ngayinu /ŋajinu/ | — /—/ | nganana /ŋanaɳa/ | nganana /ŋanaɳa/ | ngalimpa / nganimpa /ŋalimpa / ŋanimpa/ |
| Nome | yini /jini/ | yuwin /ˈjuwin/ | yini /jini/ | yini /jini/ | yini /jini/ | ini /ini/ | yini /jini/ |
| Persona | wurrunbill /wuɻunbil/ | gibirr /ˈɡibir/ | arnmanu /aɳmanu/ | martu /maʈu/ | yanangu /janaŋu/ | aṉangu /aɳaŋu/ | piyirn /ˈpijiɳ/ |
| Testa | guddagong /ɡuddaɡoŋ/ | balang /ˈbalaŋ/ | — | kata /kata/ | kata /kata/ | kata /kata/ | jurlu /ˈɟuɭu/ |
| Occhio | mil /mil/ | mil /mil/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | mil /mil/ |
| Orecchio | guri /ɡuɻi/ | wuudha /ˈwuːd̪a/ | wurtka /wuʈka/ | pina /pina/ | pina /pina/ | pina /pɪnɐ/ | pina /ˈpina/ |
| Naso | nyigity /ɲiɡiɟ/ | muurruu /ˈmuːruː/ | muttha /mut̪a/ | mulya /muʎa/ | mulya /muʎa/ | mulya /ˈmulja/ | punul /ˈpunul/ |
| Bocca | dhambir /d̪ambiɻ/ | ngayn /ŋajn/ | ngarnmanu /ŋaɳmanu/ | jaa /caː/ | tjaa /caː/ | tjaa /caː/ | — |
| Dente | weera /weːra/ | yirrang /ˈjiraŋ/ | idaji /idadʒi/ | yirra /jira/ | katiti /katiti/ | katiti /katiti/ | lirra /lira/ |
| Lingua | dalang /dalaŋ/ | dhalayn /ˈd̪alajn/ | thalanyu /t̪alaɲu/ | jarlinypa /caɭiɲpa/ | tjalinypa /caliɲpa/ | tjalinypa /caliɲpa/ | jalany /ɟalaɲ/ |
| Mano | mara /maɻa/ | marra /ˈmara/ | mara /maɻa/ | mara /maɻa/ | mara /maɻa/ | mara /maɻa/ | kurrapa /kurapa/ |
| Piede | dyinang /ɟinaŋ/ | dhinang /ˈd̪inaŋ/ | yina /jina/ | jina /cina/ | tjina /cina/ | tjina /cɪnɐ/ | jina /ˈɟina/ |
| Cuore | gauar /ɡauar/ | giiny /ɡiːɲ/ | pulpara /pulpaɻa/ | kurturtu /kuʈuʈu/ | kututu /kututu/ | kurunpa /kuɻunpa/ | turlpu /ˈtuɭpu/ |
| Osso | wiak /wiak/ | dhabal /ˈd̪abal/ | mambu /mambu/ | tarrka /tarka/ | tarrka /taɾka/ | tarka /taɻka/ | kiji /kiɟi/ |
| Sangue | guruba /ɡuruba/ | guuwayn /ˈɡuːwajn/ | nguba /ŋuba/ | miji /miɟi/ | milkali /milkali/ | milkali /milkali/ | nungu /nuŋu/ |
| Cacca | gunung /ɡunuŋ/ | guunang /ˈɡuːnaŋ/ | wuna /wuna/ | — | kuna /kuna/ | kuna /kuna/ | kura /ˈkuɻa/ |
| Amore | marmit /maɻmit/ | — /—/ | kanyji /kaɲdʒi/ | mukulyu /mukuʎu/ | mukulya /mukuʎa/ | mukulya /mukuʎa/ | — /—/ |
| Albero | warabi /waɻabi/ | madhan /ˈmad̪an/ | parntany /paɳʈaɲ/ | warta /waʈa/ | punu /punu/ | punu /punu/ | mana /mana/ |
| Cane | mirri /miɻi/ | mirri /ˈmiri/ | kuwiyarl /kuwijaɻl/ | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | kunyarr /kuˈɲar/ |
| Gatto | poosi /puːsi/ | — /—/ | paka /paka/ | — /—/ | pusi /pusi/ | pusi /pusi/ | miyawu /mijawu/ |
| Pesce | kuya /kuja/ | guuya /ˈɡuːja/ | wiitya /wiːca/ | yurta /juʈa/ | piitji /piːʈi/ | antipina /antipina/ | kapi /kapi/ |
| Uccello | budyan /buɟan/ | buujaan /ˈbuːɟaːn/ | — | pilurnpa /piluɳpa/ | tjuḻpu /cuɭpu/ | tjulpu /ˈcuɭpu/ | jiriki /ˈɟiɻiki/ |
| Uovo | gubbong /ɡubboŋ/ | gabuuga /ˈɡabuːɡa/ | — | ngampu /ŋampu/ | ngampu /ŋampu/ | ngampu /ŋampu/ | kampiny /kampiɲ/ |
| Casa | kuni /kuni/ | ngurang /ˈŋuɻaŋ/ | nhurra /ɳuɻa/ | ngurra /ŋura/ | ngurra /ŋuɾa/ | ngura /ŋuɻa/ | mayaru /majaɻu/ |
| Miele | kawangkal /kawaŋkal/ | ngarruu /ˈŋaruː/ | — | karluwari /kaɭuwaɻi/ | ngalypuru /ŋaʎpuɻu/ | tjuratja /ˈcuɾaca/ | karlaka /ˈkaɭaka/ |
| Mangiare | daring /daɻiŋ/ | dharra /ˈd̪ara/ | ngarna /ŋaɻna/ | ngalku- /ŋalku/ | ngalkuni /ŋalkuni/ | ngalkuni /ŋalkuni/ | ngarnu /ŋaɳu/ |
| Bere | nyu /ɲu/ | widyarra /ˈwiɟara/ | nyuna /ɲuna/ | jikirnu /cikiɳu/ | tjikini /cikini/ | tjikini /cikini/ | ngarnu /ŋaɳu/ |
| Dormire | ngambori /ŋamboɻi/ | — | wuupata /wuːpata/ | kunyalarri- /kuɲalari/ | kunkunpa /kunkunpa/ | kunkunarinyi /kuŋkunaɻiɲi/ | manyan /ˈmaɲan/ |
| Uno | meddhung /med̪uŋ/ | ngumbaay /ˈŋumbaːj/ | kuyu /kuju/ | kuju /kucu/ | kutju /kucu/ | kutju /kucu/ | layi /laji/ |
| Due | bula /bula/ | bula /ˈbula/ | wuthada /wut̪ada/ | kujarra /kucara/ | kutjarra /kucaɾa/ | kutjara /kucaɻa/ | kurriny /kuriɲ/ |
| Tre | bula mittong /bula mitoŋ/ | bula-ngumbaay /ˈbulaŋumbaːj/ | marnngurdu /maɳŋuɖu/ | yurri /juri/ | tjirripala /ciripala/ | maṉkurpa /maɳkuɻpa/ | mungkartu /muŋkaʈu/ |
| Ciao | yumalundi /jumalundi/ | yaama /ˈjaːma/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | palya /paʎa/ | palya /paʎa/ | — /—/ |
| Grazie | miyamala /mijamala/ | mandaang guwu /ˈmandaːŋ ˈɡuwu/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | palya /paʎa/ | palya /paʎa/ | — /—/ |
| Buono | walunga /waluŋa/ | marang /ˈmaɻaŋ/ | walykumarra /waʎkumaɻa/ | palya /paʎa/ | palya /paʎa/ | palya /paʎa/ | wulyu /wuʎu/ |
| Rosso | dhiram-dhiram /d̪iɾamd̪iɾam/ | girri-girri /ˈɡiriɡiri/ | marniwidi /maɳiwidi/ | miji-miji /miɟimiɟi/ | yulpa /julpa/ | tjitintjitinpa /tʃitintʃitinpa/ | ngirljarti /ŋiɭɟaʈi/ |
| Bianco | daguru-gurag /daɡuɾuɡuɾaɡ/ | barrabarra /ˈbarabara/ | wilidi /wilidi/ | ngintarlpa /ŋintaɭpa/ | piranpa /piɾanpa/ | piranpa /piɾanpa/ | parpjarti /ˈpaɻpɟaɻti/ |
| Nero | buru-bura /buɻubuɻa/ | buudhang /ˈbuːd̪aŋ/ | — | — | maru /maɻu/ | maṟu /maɻu/ | kurnkurn /kuɳkuɳ/ |
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