Mampruli
Kimampruli
Niger-Kongo
Kimampruli ni lugha ya Kigur ya familia ya Niger-Congo, inayozungumzwa na watu wapatao 330,000 katika Mkoa wa Kaskazini wa Ghana, hasa na watu wa Mamprusi. Wamamprusi wanafuatilia asili yao hadi Ufalme wa Mamprussi wa enzi za kati (uliyoanzishwa katika karne ya 13 na Tohazie/Naa Gbewaa wa kihekaya), unaohesabiwa kuwa ufalme mzazi ambao falme za Dagomba na Nanumba zilijitenga kutoka humo katika karne ya 14 — jambo linalofanya Kimampruli kuwa lugha kongwe zaidi kihistoria ya Mole-Gurma. Chifu mkuu wa Mamprusi Naa Yamoogu anatawala kutoka Nalerigu, na baraza lake ni mojawapo ya tawala za kifalme za kimila zenye hadhi kubwa zaidi kaskazini mwa Ghana. Kiisimu, Kimampruli kina uhusiano wa karibu na Kimooré (mos) cha Burkina Faso na Kidagbani cha Ghana, kikiwa na sifa za kifonolojia zinazoshirikiana (upatanifu wa irabu, mfumo changamano wa toni) lakini msamiati na mofolojia tofauti.
Maeneo inakozungumzwa
Maneno 87 ya msingi katika Kimampruli
Vyanzo
Ulinganishaji wa maneno
Imelinganishwa na lugha zenye uainishaji ule ule: Niger-Kongo
| Maana | Kimampruli | Kidagbani | Kimoore | Kisusu | Kikoyraboro Senni | Kikongo | Kingunnawal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maji | kuom /kuom/ | kom /kom/ | koom /koːm/ | yi /ji/ | hari /hari/ | maza /maza/ | kungal /kuŋal/ |
| Moto | bugum /buɡum/ | buɣim /buɣim/ | bugum /buɡum/ | te /te/ | nuune /nuːne/ | tiya /tija/ | warba /waɻba/ |
| Jua | wuntiri /wuntiri/ | wuntaŋa /wuntaŋa/ | wĩndga /wĩndɡa/ | soge /soɡe/ | wayna /wajna/ | ntangu /ntaŋɡu/ | winyu /wiɲu/ |
| Mwezi | gɔoŋ /ɡɔːŋ/ | goli /ɡoli/ | kiuugu /kiuːɡu/ | kike /kike/ | handu /handu/ | ngonda /ŋɡonda/ | birrang /biɻaŋ/ |
| Nyota | ŋmariga /ŋmariɡa/ | saŋmariga /saŋmariɡa/ | ãdga /ãdɡa/ | tunbi /tunbi/ | handaray /handaraj/ | mbwetete /mbwetete/ | dyurra /ɟura/ |
| Usiku | yuŋŋu /juŋːu/ | yuŋ /juŋ/ | yʋngo /jʊŋɡo/ | kɔɛ /kɔɛ/ | cijin /tʃidʒin/ | builu /builu/ | kaku /kaku/ |
| Mvua | sa /sa/ | saa /saː/ | saaga /saːɡa/ | tunɛ /tunɛ/ | ncirɲi /ntʃirɲi/ | mvula /ˈmvula/ | garrit /ɡaɻit/ |
| Upepo | pɛsiŋŋu /pɛsiŋːu/ | pɔhim /pɔhim/ | sobgo /sobɡo/ | foye /foje/ | hew /hew/ | mupepe /mupepe/ | — |
| Udongo | tiŋŋa /tiŋŋa/ | tiŋa /tiŋa/ | tẽnga /tẽŋɡa/ | bɔxi /bɔxi/ | labu /labu/ | ntoto /ntoto/ | dhaura /d̪auɻa/ |
| Jiwe | kugri /kuɡri/ | kuɣili /kuɣili/ | kugri /kuɡri/ | gɛmɛ /ɡɛmɛ/ | tondi /tondi/ | tadi /ˈtadi/ | wullung /wuluŋ/ |
| Mlima | zoori /zoːri/ | zoli /zoli/ | tãnga /tãŋɡa/ | geya /ɡeja/ | tondi hondu /tondi hondu/ | mongo /moŋɡo/ | — |
| Bahari | teeku /teːku/ | teeku /teːku/ | mogre /moɡre/ | baa /baː/ | teeku /teːku/ | mbu /mbu/ | — |
| Mama | ma /ma/ | ma /ma/ | ma /ma/ | nga /ŋɡa/ | ɲaa /ɲaː/ | mama /mama/ | guni /ɡuni/ |
| Baba | ba /ba/ | ba /ba/ | ba /ba/ | baba /baba/ | baaba /baːba/ | tata /tata/ | pumba /pumba/ |
| Binti | bipuŋŋa /bipuŋa/ | bipuɣiŋga /bipuɣiŋɡa/ | bi-pugla /bipuɡla/ | di ginɛ /di ɡinɛ/ | ize woy /ize woj/ | mwana ya nkento /mwana ja nkento/ | — |
| Mimi | mani /mani/ | mani /mani/ | mam /mam/ | n /n/ | ay /aj/ | mono /mono/ | ngaya /ŋaja/ |
| Wewe | fu /fʊ/ | nyini /ɲini/ | fo /fo/ | i /i/ | ni /ni/ | ngeye /ŋɡeje/ | ngindu /ŋindu/ |
| Sisi | tidima /tidima/ | tinima /tinima/ | tõnd /tõnd/ | won / muxu /wɔn / muxu/ | iri /iri/ | beto /beto/ | gulanyin / gulanyilla /ɡulaɲin / ɡulaɲila/ |
| Jina | yuli /juli/ | yuli /juli/ | yʋʋre /jʊːre/ | xili /xili/ | maa /maː/ | nkumbu /nkumbu/ | yini /jini/ |
| Mtu | nira /nira/ | ninsala /ninsala/ | neda /neda/ | mixi /mixi/ | boro /boro/ | muntu /muntu/ | wurrunbill /wuɻunbil/ |
| Kichwa | zugu /zuɡu/ | zuɣu /zuɣu/ | zugu /zuɡu/ | xunyi /xuɲi/ | boŋ /boŋ/ | ntu /ntu/ | guddagong /ɡuddaɡoŋ/ |
| Jicho | nini /nini/ | nini /nini/ | nifu /nifu/ | ya /ja/ | moo /moː/ | disu /disu/ | mil /mil/ |
| Sikio | tubri /tubri/ | tibili /tibili/ | tʋbre /tʊbre/ | tuli /tuli/ | haŋa /haŋa/ | kutu /kutu/ | guri /ɡuɻi/ |
| Pua | nyoori /ɲoːri/ | nyee /ɲeː/ | yõore /jõːre/ | ɲɔɛ /ɲɔɛ/ | niine /niːne/ | nzunu /nzunu/ | nyigity /ɲiɡiɟ/ |
| Mdomo | noori /noːri/ | noli /noli/ | noore /noːre/ | dɛ /dɛ/ | mee /meː/ | nnwa /nnwa/ | dhambir /d̪ambiɻ/ |
| Jino | nyini /ɲini/ | nyini /ɲini/ | yẽnde /jẽnde/ | ɲinyi /ɲiɲi/ | hiɲe /hiɲe/ | dinu /dinu/ | weera /weːra/ |
| Ulimi | zilinni /zilinːi/ | zilinli /zilinli/ | zelemde /zelemde/ | nɛnɛ /nɛnɛ/ | deene /deːne/ | ludimi /ludimi/ | dalang /dalaŋ/ |
| Mkono | nuusi /nuːsi/ | nuu /nuː/ | nugu /nuɡu/ | belexɛ /belexɛ/ | kabe /kabe/ | koko /koko/ | mara /maɻa/ |
| Mguu | napɔŋŋu /napɔŋːu/ | napɔŋ /napɔŋ/ | naoore /naoːre/ | sanyi /saɲi/ | cee /tʃeː/ | kulu /kulu/ | dyinang /ɟinaŋ/ |
| Moyo | suuri /suːri/ | suhu /suhu/ | sũuri /sũːri/ | bɔɲɛ /bɔɲɛ/ | bine /bine/ | ntima /ntima/ | gauar /ɡauar/ |
| Mfupa | kɔbri /kɔbri/ | kɔbili /kɔbili/ | kõbre /kõbre/ | xɔri /xɔri/ | biri /biri/ | visi /visi/ | wiak /wiak/ |
| Damu | zim /zim/ | ʒim /ʒim/ | zɩɩm /zɪːm/ | wuli /wuli/ | kuri /kuri/ | menga /meŋɡa/ | guruba /ɡuruba/ |
| Upendo | paaba /paːba/ | yu /ju/ | nonglem /noŋɡlem/ | xanunteya /xanunteja/ | baa /baː/ | zola /zola/ | marmit /maɻmit/ |
| Mti | tia /tia/ | tia /tia/ | tɩɩga /tɪːɡa/ | wuri /wuɾi/ | tuuri /tuːri/ | nti /nti/ | warabi /waɻabi/ |
| Mbwa | baaga /baːɡa/ | baa /baː/ | baaga /baːɡa/ | barɛ /baɾɛ/ | hansi /hansi/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | mirri /miɻi/ |
| Paka | nyusi /ɲusi/ | jɛŋkuno /dʒɛŋkuno/ | yũuga /jũːɡa/ | nyɛɛsu /ɲɛːsu/ | muusi /muːsi/ | nyau /ɲau/ | poosi /puːsi/ |
| Samaki | zinga /ziŋa/ | zahim /zahim/ | zĩifu /zĩːfu/ | yɛxɛ /jɛxɛ/ | hamiisa /hamiːsa/ | mbisi /mbisi/ | kuya /kuja/ |
| Ndege | niiŋŋa /niːŋːa/ | nooŋa /noːŋa/ | liuula /liuːla/ | xɔni /xɔni/ | ciraw /tʃiraw/ | nuni /ˈnuni/ | budyan /buɟan/ |
| Kipepeo | pipibga /pipibɡa/ | kahimpiɛɣu /kahimpiɛɣu/ | pilimpiuku /pilimpiuku/ | — | — | lumbembambemba /lumbembambemba/ | — |
| Yai | jalli /dʒalli/ | galli /ɡalli/ | gelle /ɡelːe/ | xɛlɛ /xɛlɛ/ | guuri /ɡuːri/ | diaki /diaki/ | gubbong /ɡubboŋ/ |
| Farasi | yoofu /joːfu/ | wahu /wahu/ | wed-moaaga /wedmoaːɡa/ | soo /soː/ | bari /bari/ | mpunda /mpunda/ | — |
| Nyumba | yiri /jiri/ | yili /jili/ | roogo /roːɡo/ | banxi /banxi/ | hugu /huɡu/ | nzo /nzo/ | kuni /kuni/ |
| Maziwa | bisim /bisim/ | bihim /bihim/ | bĩisim /bĩːsim/ | xiɲɛ /xiɲɛ/ | waa /waː/ | midiki /midiki/ | — |
| Asali | sikpaam /sikpaːm/ | shiri /ʃiri/ | sɩɩdo /sɪːdo/ | kumi /kumi/ | yuu /juː/ | bwiki /bwiki/ | kawangkal /kawaŋkal/ |
| Chumvi | yaarim /jaːrim/ | yalim /jalim/ | yamsem /jamsem/ | fɔxɛ /fɔxɛ/ | ciiri /tʃiːri/ | mungwa /muŋɡwa/ | — |
| Mvinyo | daam /daam/ | wain /wain/ | divẽ /divẽ/ | wɛni /wɛni/ | alaneb hari /alaneb hari/ | vinu /vinu/ | — |
| Mchele | sinkaafa /sinkaːfa/ | shinkaafa /ʃinkaːfa/ | mui /mui/ | — | — | loso /loso/ | — |
| Chuma | kurigu /kuriɡu/ | kurugu /kuruɡu/ | kutu /kutu/ | wure /wuɾe/ | guuru /ɡuːru/ | kibende /kiˈbende/ | — |
| Kitabu | bukku /bukːu/ | buku /buku/ | sebre /sebre/ | buki /buki/ | citaabu /tʃitaːbu/ | buku /buku/ | — |
| Kula | di /di/ | di /di/ | dɩ /dɪ/ | don /don/ | ŋaa /ŋaː/ | kudia /kudja/ | daring /daɻiŋ/ |
| Kunywa | nyu /ɲu/ | nyu /ɲu/ | yũ /jũ/ | min /min/ | haŋ /haŋ/ | kunua /kunwa/ | nyu /ɲu/ |
| Kulala | gbisi /ɡbisi/ | gbihi /ɡbihi/ | gũsi /ɡũsi/ | xi /xi/ | jirbi /dʒirbi/ | kuleka /kuˈleka/ | ngambori /ŋamboɻi/ |
| Moja | yini /jini/ | yini /jini/ | yembre /jembre/ | keren /keɾen/ | affoo /afːoː/ | mosi /mosi/ | meddhung /med̪uŋ/ |
| Mbili | ayi /aji/ | ayi /aji/ | yiibu /jiːbu/ | firin /firin/ | ihinka /ihiŋka/ | zole /zole/ | bula /bula/ |
| Tatu | ata /ata/ | ata /ata/ | tãabo /tãːbo/ | sakhan /saxan/ | hinza /hinza/ | tatu /tatu/ | bula mittong /bula mitoŋ/ |
| Nne | anaasi /anaːsi/ | anahi /anahi/ | naase /naːse/ | naani /naːni/ | taaci /taːtʃi/ | iya /ija/ | — |
| Tano | anu /anu/ | anu /anu/ | nu /nu/ | suuli /suːli/ | guu /ɡuː/ | tanu /tanu/ | — |
| Mia | kɔbga /kɔbɡa/ | kɔbiga /kɔbiɡa/ | koabga /koabɡa/ | kɛmɛ /kɛmɛ/ | zangu /zaŋɡu/ | nkama /nkama/ | — |
| Habari | n na ti bʋɔ /n na ti bʊɔ/ | dasiba /dasiba/ | ne y yibeoogo /ne i jibeoːɡo/ | inu uxara /inu uxaɾa/ | fofo /fofo/ | mbote /mbote/ | yumalundi /jumalundi/ |
| Asante | barika /barika/ | mpaɣya /mpaɣja/ | barka /barka/ | inu wali /inu wali/ | barka /barka/ | matondo /matondo/ | miyamala /mijamala/ |
| Nzuri | vɛla /vɛla/ | viɛla /viɛla/ | sõma /sõma/ | fanyi /faɲi/ | boori /boːri/ | mbote /mbote/ | walunga /waluŋa/ |
| Mpya | paalli /paːli/ | palli /palli/ | paalga /paːlɡa/ | nɛɛnɛ /nɛːnɛ/ | taaga /taːɡa/ | mpa /mpa/ | — |
| Nyekundu | moo /moː/ | ʒee /ʒeː/ | miuugu /miuːɡu/ | gbeeli /ɡbeːli/ | ciray /tʃiraj/ | mbwaki /mbwaki/ | dhiram-dhiram /d̪iɾamd̪iɾam/ |
| Nyeupe | peelli /peːli/ | piɛlli /piɛlli/ | pɛɛlga /pɛːlɡa/ | fiixɛ /fiːxɛ/ | kaaray /kaːraj/ | mpembe /mpembe/ | daguru-gurag /daɡuɾuɡuɾaɡ/ |
| Nyeusi | sabilli /sabilli/ | sabinli /sabinli/ | sablga /sablɡa/ | fɔɔrɛ /fɔːɾɛ/ | bibi /bibi/ | ndombe /ndombe/ | buru-bura /buɻubuɻa/ |
| Kijani | bɛŋkoom /bɛŋkoːm/ | — | kẽega /kẽːɡa/ | — | firzi /firzi/ | langi ya matiti /laŋɡi ja matiti/ | — |
| Buluu | bulu /bulu/ | sabilifaa /sabilifaː/ | bʋla /bʊla/ | — | bula /bula/ | bule /bule/ | — |
| Chai | ti /ti/ | tii /tiː/ | tee /teː/ | — | attay | ti /ti/ | — |
| Chungwa | leemu /leːmu/ | leemu /leːmu/ | orãase /oɾãːse/ | — | — | dilala /dilala/ | — |
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