پنجابی

Western Punjabi

Indo-European

FamilyIndo-European Speakers~64M ScriptShahmukhi CountriesPakistan Official inNo (Urdu and English are the official languages of Pakistan) Vitalitysafe ISO 639-3pnb

Western Punjabi (Lahnda Punjabi, written in Shahmukhi script) is one of the largest languages in the world that is rarely covered in international media. With around 64 million speakers, it is the dominant native language of Pakistan, where it is spoken by about 38% of the population in the Punjab province (Lahore, Faisalabad, Multan, Rawalpindi). Linguistically, ISO 639-3 separates Western Punjabi (pnb) from Eastern Punjabi (pa) of India due to script and dialect differences — Pakistani Punjabi is written in Shahmukhi (Perso-Arabic) script while Indian Punjabi is written in Gurmukhi (Sikh sacred script). Despite its enormous speaker base, Western Punjabi has limited official recognition in Pakistan, where Urdu and English are the prestigious state lingua francas. Movements to elevate Punjabi to provincial official status have been ongoing since the 1980s.

Where it is spoken

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87 core words in Western Punjabi

Water

پانی

pɑːɳiː

Fire

اگ

əɡː

Sun

سورج

suːɾədʒ

Moon

چن

tʃən

Star

تارا

taːɾaː

Night

رات

raːt

Rain

مینہہ

mĩː

Snow

برف

bəɾəf

Wind

وا

ʋaː

Earth

مٹی

mɪʈːiː

Stone

پتھر

ˈpətːʰəɾ

Mountain

پہاڑ

pəáːɽ

Sea

سمندر

səmʊndəɾ

Mother

ماں

mɑ̃ː

Father

ابا

əbbɑː

Daughter

دھی

dʱiː

I

میں

mɛ̃ː

You

تُوں

tũː

We

اسیں

əsĩː

Name

ناں

nãː

Person

بندہ

bəndaː

Head

سر

sɪɾ

Eye

اکھ

əkːʰ

Ear

کن

kənː

Nose

نک

nəkː

Mouth

منھ

mũː

Tooth

دند

dənd

Tongue

جبھ

dʒɪbːʱ

Hand

ہتھ

hətːʰ

Foot

پیر

pɛːɾ

Heart

دل

dɪl

Bone

ہڈی

həɖːiː

Blood

لہو

ləɦuː

Poop

ٹٹی

ʈəʈːiː

Love

عشق

ɪʃq

Tree

رکھ

ɾʊkːʰ

Dog

کتا

kʊtːɑː

Cat

بلی

bɪlːiː

Fish

مچھی

mətʃʰiː

Bird

پنچھی

pəntʃʰiː

Butterfly

تتلی

tɪtliː

Egg

آنڈا

ɑːɳɖɑː

Bear

رچھ

rɪtʃːʰ

Horse

گھوڑا

kòːɽaː

House

گھر

kə̀ɾ

Milk

دُدھ

dʊdːʱ

Honey

ماکھی

maːkʰiː

Salt

لوݨ

luːɳ

Wine

شراب

ʃəraːb

Rice

چوݪ

tʃɔːɭ

Chocolate

چاکلیٹ

tʃaːkleːʈ

Iron

لوہا

loːɦaː

Wheel

چکا

tʃəkːaː

Silk

ریشم

reːʃəm

Book

کتاب

kɪtaːb

Eat

کھانا

kʰɑːɳɑː

Drink

پینا

piːɳɑː

Sleep

سونا

sɔːɳaː

One

اک

ɪkː

Two

دو

doː

Three

تن

tɪnː

Four

چار

tʃaːr

Five

پنج

pəndʒ

Hundred

سو

sɔː

Hello

اسلام علیکم

əsːəlɑːmu ʕəleːkʊm

Thank you

شکریہ

ʃʊkɾɪjɑː

Good

چنگا

tʃəŋɡɑː

New

نواں

nəʋãː

Red

لال

laːl

White

چٹا

tʃɪtːaː

Black

کالا

kaːɭaː

Green

ہرا

ɦəraː

Blue

نیلا

niːlaː

Cuckoo

کوئل

koːɪl

Computer

کمپیوٹر

kəmpjuːʈəɾ

Wi-Fi

وائی-فائی

ʋaːiːfaːiː

Sushi

سوشی

suːʃiː

Tea

چاہ

tʃáː

Coffee

کافی

kɑːfiː

Sugar

چینی

tʃiːniː

Orange

نارنگی

naːɾəŋɡiː

Ninety-nine

نڑھنویں

nəɽɦɪnʋẽː

Dopamine

ڈوپامین

ɖoːpaːmiːn

Sources

Words compared

Compared with languages in the same classification: Indo-European

Meaning Western PunjabiPunjabiSaraikiDogriHindkoHaryanviKangri
Water پانی /pɑːɳiː/ ਪਾਣੀ /paːɳiː/ پاݨی /paːɳiː/ पानी /paːniː/ پانڑی /paːɽ̃iː/ पाणी /paːɳiː/ पाणी /paːɳiː/
Fire اگ /əɡː/ ਅੱਗ /əɡː/ اَگ /əɡ/ अग्ग /aɡː/ اگ /aɡ/ आग /aːɡ/ अग्ग /aɡː/
Sun سورج /suːɾədʒ/ ਸੂਰਜ /suːɾədʒ/ سُورج /suːrədʒ/ सूरज /suːraj/ سورج /soːradʒ/ सूरज /suːɾədʒ/ सूरज /suːraj/
Moon چن /tʃən/ ਚੰਦ /tʃənd/ چن /tʃən/ चन्न /tʃanː/ چن /tʃan/ चांद /tʃãːd/ चन्न /tʃanː/
Star تارا /taːɾaː/ ਤਾਰਾ /taːɾaː/ تارا /taːɾaː/ तारा /taːraː/ تارا /taːɾaː/ तारा /taːɾaː/ तारा /taːɾaː/
Night رات /raːt/ ਰਾਤ /raːt/ رات /raːt/ रात /raːt/ رات /raːt/ रात /raːt/ रात /raːt/
Rain مینہہ /mĩː/ ਮੀਂਹ /mĩː/ مینہ /mĩː/ मींह /mĩːh/ مینہ /mĩː/ मींह /mĩː/ बरखा /bərkʰaː/
Snow برف /bəɾəf/ ਬਰਫ਼ /bəɾəf/ برف /bəɾəf/ बरफ /bəɾəf/ برف /bərəf/ बरफ /bəɾəf/ —
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