Guugu Yimidhirr
Guugu yimithirr
pama-ñungana (rama pamana, cabo York oriental)
El guugu yimithirr (también Guugu Yimidhirr; ISO 639-3: kky) es una lengua paman de la familia pama-ñungana, hablada tradicionalmente en las tierras de alrededor del río Endeavour, en el extremo norte de Queensland, Australia. Hoy su uso se concentra en Hope Vale y las comunidades cercanas al norte de Cooktown. La lengua es conocida por un sistema de referencia espacial que emplea con frecuencia puntos cardinales absolutos como norte y sur donde muchas lenguas utilizan términos centrados en el hablante como izquierda y derecha. La investigación de este sistema ha dado al guugu yimithirr importancia en los estudios de lenguaje, cognición y orientación espacial. La palabra inglesa kangaroo deriva del guugu yimithirr gangurru, que miembros de la expedición de James Cook registraron de hablantes locales en el río Endeavour en 1770.
Dónde se habla
87 palabras esenciales en guugu yimithirr
Fuentes
- Haviland (1979) "Guugu Yimidhirr" in Dixon & Blake (eds.) Handbook of Australian Languages vol. 1, pp.27-180
- Haviland (1979) Guugu Yimidhirr Sketch Grammar (ANU Press)
- Levinson (1992, 1997) "Language and Cognition: The Cognitive Consequences of Spatial Description in Guugu Yimithirr" J. Linguistic Anthropology 7:1
- Glottolog: Guugu Yimithirr (gugu1255)
- Ethnologue: kky
Palabras comparadas
Comparación con otras lenguas de la misma clasificación: pama-ñungana (rama pamana, cabo York oriental)
| Significado | Guugu yimithirr | Lardil | Dyirbal | Nhanda | Walmajarri | Wiradjuri | Yangkaal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agua | buurraay /buːraːj/ | nguka /ŋuka/ | bana /ˈbana/ | kapi /kapi/ | ngapa /ˈŋapa/ | galing /ˈɡaliŋ/ | nguku /ŋuku/ |
| Fuego | yugu /juɡu/ | nyuda /ɲuda/ | buni /ˈbuni/ | warla /waɻla/ | warlu /ˈwaɭu/ | wiiny /wiːɲ/ | ngida /ŋida/ |
| Sol | ngalan /ŋalan/ | warrka /waɾka/ | garri /ˈɡari/ | wurʼa /wuɾʔa/ | purangu /puɻaŋu/ | yiray /ˈjiɻaj/ | warrku /waɾku/ |
| Luna | giidha /ɡiːd̪a/ | kirdikir /kiɖikir/ | gagara /ɡaˈɡara/ | kanyala /kaɲala/ | yakarn /jakaɳ/ | giwang /ˈɡiwaŋ/ | waldarra /waldaɾa/ |
| Estrella | dawaar /dawaːɻ/ | kuwa thungal /kuwa θuŋal/ | gijiny /ɡiɟiɲ/ | indiya /indija/ | wirl /wiɭ/ | giralang /ˈɡiɻalaŋ/ | miburlda thungalda /mibuɭda t̪uŋalda/ |
| Noche | wudhurr /wud̪ur/ | nata /nata/ | jagun /ɟaɡun/ | maru /maru/ | pukanya /pukaɲa/ | ngurung /ˈŋuruŋ/ | ngimi /ŋimi/ |
| Lluvia | madyi /maɟi/ | — | gambal /ˈɡambal/ | pundu /pundu/ | ngapa /ˈŋapa/ | — | — |
| Viento | daan.gaay /daːnɡaːj/ | — | gulubu /ˈɡulubu/ | uudinu /uudinu/ | walypa /ˈwaʎpa/ | girrarr /ˈɡirar/ | — |
| Tierra | bubu /bubu/ | — | jaju /ˈɟaɟu/ | — | nguwa /ˈŋuwa/ | dhaagun /ˈd̪aːɡun/ | — |
| Piedra | nambal /nambal/ | — | diban /ɟiban/ | — | pamarr /ˈpamar/ | walang /ˈwalaŋ/ | — |
| Montaña | manydyal /maɲɟal/ | — | gambil /ˈɡambil/ | — | — | — | — |
| Mar | dhalun /d̪alun/ | — | — | — | jawurlata /ˈɟawuɭata/ | — | — |
| Madre | ngamu /ŋamu/ | ngama /ŋama/ | yabu /ˈjabu/ | ngamaji /ŋamadʒi/ | ngamaji /ŋaˈmaɟi/ | gunhi /ˈɡun̪i/ | ngamathu /ŋamat̪u/ |
| Padre | biiba /biːba/ | kantha /kan̪t̪a/ | nguma /ˈŋuma/ | kuthurra /kutʰuɻa/ | ngarpu /ŋaɻpu/ | babiin /ˈbabiːn/ | kanthathu /kant̪at̪u/ |
| Hija | ngudhurr /ŋud̪ur/ | — | daman /ˈdaman/ | yurdu /juɖu/ | kurntal /ˈkuɳʈal/ | ngamurr /ˈŋamur/ | — |
| Yo | ngayu /ŋaju/ | ngada /ŋada/ | ngaja /ŋaɟa/ | ngayi /ŋaji/ | ngaju /ŋaɟu/ | ngadhu /ˈŋad̪u/ | ngada /ŋada/ |
| Tú | nyundu /ɲundu/ | nyingki /ɲiŋki/ | nginda /ŋinda/ | nyini /ɲini/ | nyuntu /ɲuntu/ | ngindhu /ˈŋind̪u/ | nyingka /ɲiŋka/ |
| Nosotros | nganhdhaan / nganhdhanun /ŋan̪d̪aːn / ŋan̪d̪anun/ | ngakuli / nyali /ŋakuli / ɲali/ | ngana /ŋana/ | ngayinu /ŋajinu/ | ngalimpa / nganimpa /ŋalimpa / ŋanimpa/ | ngiyani /ŋiˈjani/ | ngakulda / ngalda /ŋakulda / ŋalda/ |
| Nombre | gadil /ɡadil/ | nyunda /ɲunda/ | yidyi /jiɟi/ | yini /jini/ | yini /jini/ | yuwin /ˈjuwin/ | nida /nida/ |
| Persona | bama /bama/ | — | — | arnmanu /aɳmanu/ | piyirn /ˈpijiɳ/ | gibirr /ˈɡibir/ | — |
| Cabeza | ngaabaay /ŋaːbaːj/ | — | — | — | jurlu /ˈɟuɭu/ | balang /ˈbalaŋ/ | — |
| Ojo | miil /miːl/ | kuwa /kuwa/ | gayga /ˈɡajɡa/ | kuru /kuɻu/ | mil /mil/ | mil /mil/ | miburlda /mibuɭda/ |
| Oreja | milga /milɡa/ | — | manga /ˈmaŋa/ | wurtka /wuʈka/ | pina /ˈpina/ | wuudha /ˈwuːd̪a/ | — |
| Nariz | budhiil /bud̪iːl/ | — | guwu /ˈɡuwu/ | muttha /mut̪a/ | punul /ˈpunul/ | muurruu /ˈmuːruː/ | — |
| Boca | barrgaar /barɡaːɻ/ | — | — | ngarnmanu /ŋaɳmanu/ | — | ngayn /ŋajn/ | — |
| Diente | muliir /muliːɻ/ | kadma leman /kadma leman/ | dirra /dira/ | idaji /idadʒi/ | lirra /lira/ | yirrang /ˈjiraŋ/ | damanda /damanda/ |
| Lengua | nganhdhaar /ŋan̪d̪aːɻ/ | jalda leman /dʒalda leman/ | jalnggulay /ɟalŋɡulaj/ | thalanyu /t̪alaɲu/ | jalany /ɟalaɲ/ | dhalayn /ˈd̪alajn/ | jalngantha /ɟalŋant̪a/ |
| Mano | mangal /maŋal/ | marlda /maɭda/ | mala /ˈmala/ | mara /maɻa/ | kurrapa /kurapa/ | marra /ˈmara/ | — /—/ |
| Pie | dhamal /d̪amal/ | jaa /dʒaː/ | jina /ˈɟina/ | yina /jina/ | jina /ˈɟina/ | dhinang /ˈd̪inaŋ/ | — |
| Corazón | dadhali /dad̪ali/ | bulja /buldʒa/ | rulgu /ˈɻulɡu/ | pulpara /pulpaɻa/ | turlpu /ˈtuɭpu/ | giiny /ɡiːɲ/ | — /—/ |
| Hueso | badhibay /bad̪ibaj/ | kadma /kadma/ | wurmbur /ˈwurmbur/ | mambu /mambu/ | kiji /kiɟi/ | dhabal /ˈd̪abal/ | julda /ɟulda/ |
| Sangre | ganbi /ɡanbi/ | kanda /kanda/ | waguli /waɡuli/ | nguba /ŋuba/ | nungu /nuŋu/ | guuwayn /ˈɡuːwajn/ | kandu /kandu/ |
| Caca | mangga /maŋɡa/ | — | guna /ɡuna/ | wuna /wuna/ | kura /ˈkuɻa/ | guunang /ˈɡuːnaŋ/ | — |
| Amor | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | kanyji /kaɲdʒi/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Árbol | yugu /juɡu/ | thungal /θuŋal/ | yugu /ˈjuɡu/ | parntany /paɳʈaɲ/ | mana /mana/ | madhan /ˈmad̪an/ | — /—/ |
| Perro | gudaa /ɡudaː/ | ngawa /ŋawa/ | guda /ˈɡuda/ | kuwiyarl /kuwijaɻl/ | kunyarr /kuˈɲar/ | mirri /ˈmiri/ | — /—/ |
| Gato | buthigan /but̪iɡan/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | paka /paka/ | miyawu /mijawu/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Pez | guudyu /ɡuːɟu/ | yaka /jaka/ | jabu /ˈɟabu/ | wiitya /wiːca/ | kapi /kapi/ | guuya /ˈɡuːja/ | yakuri /jakuɾi/ |
| Pájaro | dyidyirr /ɟiɟir/ | — | dundu /ˈdundu/ | — | jiriki /ˈɟiɻiki/ | buujaan /ˈbuːɟaːn/ | — |
| Mariposa | walbuulbul /walbuːlbul/ | — | — | ngaabeera /ŋaːbeːra/ | pirrpirntipirnti /pirpiɳʈipiɳʈi/ | buuja-buuja /ˈbuːɟabuːɟa/ | — |
| Huevo | gundil /ɡundil/ | — | bambu /bambu/ | — | kampiny /kampiɲ/ | gabuuga /ˈɡabuːɡa/ | — |
| Caballo | yarraman /jaraman/ | — | — | — | timana /ˈtimana/ | yarraman /ˈjaraman/ | — |
| Casa | bayan /bajan/ | ngambirr /ŋambir/ | mija /ˈmiɟa/ | nhurra /ɳuɻa/ | mayaru /majaɻu/ | ngurang /ˈŋuɻaŋ/ | — /—/ |
| Leche | guyuu /ɡujuː/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Miel | mula /mula/ | — | — | — | karlaka /ˈkaɭaka/ | ngarruu /ˈŋaruː/ | — |
| Comer | budal /budal/ | jitha /dʒiθa/ | janggay /ˈɟaŋɡaj/ | ngarna /ŋaɻna/ | ngarnu /ŋaɳu/ | dharra /ˈd̪ara/ | — /—/ |
| Beber | dyidyal /ɟiɟal/ | kurdama /kuɖama/ | gunyjal /ˈɡuɲɟal/ | nyuna /ɲuna/ | ngarnu /ŋaɳu/ | widyarra /ˈwiɟara/ | — /—/ |
| Dormir | waarrnggu /waːrŋɡu/ | — | bungil /ˈbuŋil/ | wuupata /wuːpata/ | manyan /ˈmaɲan/ | — | — |
| Uno | nubuun /nubuːn/ | warnge /waɾŋe/ | yunggul /ˈjuŋɡul/ | kuyu /kuju/ | layi /laji/ | ngumbaay /ˈŋumbaːj/ | — /—/ |
| Dos | gudhiirra /ɡud̪iːra/ | kiyarrng /kijaɾŋ/ | bulay /ˈbulaj/ | wuthada /wut̪ada/ | kurriny /kuriɲ/ | bula /ˈbula/ | kiyarrngka /kijaɾŋka/ |
| Tres | guunduu /ɡuːnduː/ | mungkalan /muŋkalan/ | garbu /ɡaɻbu/ | marnngurdu /maɳŋuɖu/ | mungkartu /muŋkaʈu/ | bula-ngumbaay /ˈbulaŋumbaːj/ | — /—/ |
| Cinco | gaguwarr /ɡaɡuwar/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Hola | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | yaama /ˈjaːma/ | — /—/ |
| Gracias | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | mandaang guwu /ˈmandaːŋ ˈɡuwu/ | — /—/ |
| Bueno | dabaar /dabaːɻ/ | kuba /kuba/ | jigil /ˈɟiɡil/ | walykumarra /waʎkumaɻa/ | wulyu /wuʎu/ | marang /ˈmaɻaŋ/ | — /—/ |
| Nuevo | nhilaa /n̪ilaː/ | — | gunyu /ˈɡuɲu/ | — | jalangjalang /ˈɟalaŋɟalaŋ/ | — | — |
| Rojo | diini /diːni/ | kandukan /kandukan/ | gunggu /ɡuŋɡu/ | marniwidi /maɳiwidi/ | ngirljarti /ŋiɭɟaʈi/ | girri-girri /ˈɡiriɡiri/ | kandukandu /kandukandu/ |
| Blanco | dyinggaa /ɟiŋɡaː/ | — | — | wilidi /wilidi/ | parpjarti /ˈpaɻpɟaɻti/ | barrabarra /ˈbarabara/ | — |
| Negro | munhi /mun̪i/ | — | — | — | kurnkurn /kuɳkuɳ/ | buudhang /ˈbuːd̪aŋ/ | — |
| Té | buurr /buːr/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
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