Hote
Austronesiana
Il hote è una lingua oceanica austronesiana del sottogruppo del Golfo di Huon settentrionale, parlata lungo la costa del Golfo di Huon nella provincia di Morobe, Papua Nuova Guinea. Il hote fa parte del più ampio continuum oceanico occidentale che include il mapos buang (bzh) e altre lingue oceaniche della Papua Nuova Guinea. La comunità hote vive nell'immediato entroterra di Lae, la seconda città più grande della Papua Nuova Guinea. Dal punto di vista linguistico, il hote presenta i tratti classici dell'oceanico occidentale: sistema a 5 vocali, inventario consonantico semplice, costruzioni classificatore-nome e ordine dei costituenti SVO con tendenze al verbo finale nelle proposizioni subordinate. Il lavoro di traduzione biblica del SIL ha prodotto materiali di alfabetizzazione e un Nuovo Testamento completo (2010).
Dove si parla
87 parole essenziali in hote
Fonti
Parole a confronto
Confronto con lingue della stessa classificazione: Austronesiana
| Significato | Hote | Malese antico | Lardil | Itbayaten | Cham antico | Proto-austronesiano | Yangkaal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acqua | ŋaŋ /ŋaŋ/ | air /air/ | nguka /ŋuka/ | ranom /ranom/ | ie /ʔiə/ | *daNum /daNum/ | nguku /ŋuku/ |
| Fuoco | atum /atum/ | api /api/ | nyuda /ɲuda/ | hapoy /hapoj/ | apuy /ʔapuj/ | *Sapuy /Sapuy/ | ngida /ŋida/ |
| Sole | wak /wak/ | matari /matari/ | warrka /waɾka/ | araw /araw/ | huriy /hurij/ | *waRi /waRi/ | warrku /waɾku/ |
| Luna | ayôŋ /ajoŋ/ | bulan /bulan/ | kirdikir /kiɖikir/ | voxan /voɣan/ | bulan /bulan/ | *bulaN /bulaN/ | waldarra /waldaɾa/ |
| Stella | vuliŋ /vuliŋ/ | bintang /bintaŋ/ | kuwa thungal /kuwa θuŋal/ | vitoen /vitoɨn/ | bituk /bituʔ/ | *bituqen /bituqen/ | miburlda thungalda /mibuɭda t̪uŋalda/ |
| Notte | bôlôvôŋ /bolovoŋ/ | malam /malam/ | nata /nata/ | aʼxep /aʔɣɨp/ | malam /malam/ | *beRŋi /beʀŋi/ | ngimi /ŋimi/ |
| Pioggia | ôthôm /otʰom/ | — | — | timoy /timoj/ | — | *quzaN /quzaN/ | — |
| Vento | lovak /lɔvak/ | — | — | sarawsaw /sarawsaw/ | — | *bali /bali/ | — |
| Terra | pik /pik/ | — | — | tana /tana/ | — | *taneq /taneq/ | — |
| Pietra | valu /valu/ | batu /batu/ | — | vato /vato/ | batau /batau/ | *batu /batu/ | — |
| Montagna | dum /dum/ | — | — | — | — | *bukij /bukij/ | — |
| Madre | talêbô /talebo/ | ibu /ibu/ | ngama /ŋama/ | ina /ina/ | inā /ina/ | *ina /ina/ | ngamathu /ŋamat̪u/ |
| Padre | lambô /lambo/ | bapa /bapa/ | kantha /kan̪t̪a/ | ama /ama/ | amā /ama/ | *ama /ama/ | kanthathu /kant̪at̪u/ |
| Figlia | nalavi /nalavi/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Io | ya /ja/ | aku /aku/ | ngada /ŋada/ | yaken /jakɨn/ | ku /ku/ | *aku /aku/ | ngada /ŋada/ |
| Tu | o /ɔ/ | kamu /kamu/ | nyingki /ɲiŋki/ | ʼimo /ʔimo/ | hã /haː/ | *iSu /iSu/ | nyingka /ɲiŋka/ |
| Noi | yêlô / alalô /jelo / alalo/ | kita / kami /kita / kami/ | ngakuli / nyali /ŋakuli / ɲali/ | yaten / yamen /jatɨn / jamɨn/ | — /—/ | *kita / *kami /kita / kami/ | ngakulda / ngalda /ŋakulda / ŋalda/ |
| Nome | athêŋ /atʰeŋ/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ | nyunda /ɲunda/ | ngaran /ŋaran/ | angan /aŋan/ | *ŋajan /ŋajan/ | nida /nida/ |
| Persona | anyô /aɲo/ | — | — | tawo /tawo/ | urāṅ /uraːŋ/ | *Cau /tsau/ | — |
| Testa | wakadôk /wakadok/ | — | — | oxo /oɣo/ | — | *quluh /quluh/ | — |
| Occhio | madaluk /madaluk/ | mata /mata/ | kuwa /kuwa/ | mata /mata/ | matā /mata/ | *maCa /maCa/ | miburlda /mibuɭda/ |
| Orecchio | limbuk /limbuk/ | — | — | talinya /taliɲa/ | — | *Caliŋa /tsaliŋa/ | — |
| Naso | thohav /tʰɔhav/ | — | — | mohdan /mohdan/ | idung /iduŋ/ | *ujuŋ /ujuŋ/ | — |
| Bocca | abôlêk /abolek/ | — | — | vivih /vivih/ | — | — | — |
| Dente | kalalaŋ /kalalaŋ/ | gigi /ɡiɡi/ | kadma leman /kadma leman/ | nyipen /ɲipɨn/ | tagai /taɡaj/ | *nipen /nipen/ | damanda /damanda/ |
| Lingua | dahalaŋ /dahalaŋ/ | lidah /lidah/ | jalda leman /dʒalda leman/ | rila /rila/ | dalah /dalah/ | *Sema /Sema/ | jalngantha /ɟalŋant̪a/ |
| Mano | baŋ /baŋ/ | tangan /taŋan/ | marlda /maɭda/ | lima /lima/ | taŋin /taŋin/ | *lima /lima/ | — /—/ |
| Piede | va /va/ | — | jaa /dʒaː/ | ayi /aji/ | takai /takai/ | *qaqay /qaqay/ | — |
| Cuore | kapô /kapo/ | hati /hati/ | bulja /buldʒa/ | tawor /tawor/ | hatai /hatai/ | *pusuq /pusuq/ | — /—/ |
| Osso | lokwaŋ /lɔkwaŋ/ | tulang /tulaŋ/ | kadma /kadma/ | toʼxang /toʔɣaŋ/ | talang /talaŋ/ | *CuqelaN /CuqelaN/ | julda /ɟulda/ |
| Sangue | thalaleŋ /tʰalalɛŋ/ | darah /darah/ | kanda /kanda/ | raya /raja/ | darah /darah/ | *daRaq /daRaq/ | kandu /kandu/ |
| Amore | — /—/ | sayang /sajaŋ/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | klɛn /klɛn/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Albero | alokwaŋ /alɔkwaŋ/ | kayu /kaju/ | thungal /θuŋal/ | kayoh /kajoh/ | phuəŋ /pʰuəŋ/ | *kaSiw /kaSiw/ | — /—/ |
| Cane | avuŋ /avuŋ/ | anjing /andʒiŋ/ | ngawa /ŋawa/ | tito /tito/ | asuv /asuw/ | *asu /asu/ | — /—/ |
| Gatto | pus /pus/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | mɛw /mɛw/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Pesce | alim /alim/ | ikan /ikan/ | yaka /jaka/ | among /amoŋ/ | ikan /ikan/ | *Sikan /Sikan/ | yakuri /jakuɾi/ |
| Uccello | menak /mɛnak/ | burung /buruŋ/ | — | kangkang /kaŋkaŋ/ | cim /tʃim/ | *manuk /manuk/ | — |
| Uovo | daluk /daluk/ | — | — | ittiiyoy /ittiijoj/ | — | *qiCeluR /qicəlur/ | — |
| Orso | bea /bɛa/ | — | — | — | — | *Cumay /Cumay/ | — |
| Cavallo | bokhos /bɔkhɔs/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Casa | unyak /uɲak/ | rumah /rumah/ | ngambirr /ŋambir/ | vaxay /vaɣaj/ | sɔŋ /sɔŋ/ | *Rumaq /Rumaq/ | — /—/ |
| Latte | sum /sum/ | susu /susu/ | — | — | — | — | — |
| Miele | bio thôk /biɔ tʰok/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Sale | ŋgwêk /ŋɡwek/ | garam /ɡaram/ | — | asin /asin/ | — | *qasiRa /qasiRa/ | — |
| Vino | waiŋ /waiŋ/ | — | — | parek /parɨk/ | — | — | — |
| Ferro | aeŋ /aɛŋ/ | — | — | — | — | *Namat /Namat/ | — |
| Libro | kapya /kapja/ | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Mangiare | yaŋ /jaŋ/ | makan /makan/ | jitha /dʒiθa/ | koman /koman/ | bɔh /bɔh/ | *kaen /kaen/ | — /—/ |
| Bere | num /num/ | minum /minum/ | kurdama /kuɖama/ | ominom /ominom/ | mɛnum /mɛnum/ | *inum /inum/ | — /—/ |
| Dormire | êk sôm /ek som/ | tidur /tidur/ | — | makahicex /makahitʃɨɣ/ | — | *tuduR /tuduR/ | — |
| Uno | doŋtom /dɔŋtɔm/ | sa /sa/ | warnge /waɾŋe/ | aʼsa /aʔsa/ | sa /sa/ | *isa /isa/ | — /—/ |
| Due | ju /ju/ | dua /dua/ | kiyarrng /kijaɾŋ/ | doha /doha/ | dua /dua/ | *duSa /duSa/ | kiyarrngka /kijaɾŋka/ |
| Tre | lô /lo/ | tlu /tlu/ | mungkalan /muŋkalan/ | atlo /atlo/ | klau /klau/ | *telu /telu/ | — /—/ |
| Quattro | ayova /ajɔva/ | mpat /əmpat/ | — | aʼpat /aʔpat/ | pāt /paːt/ | *Sepat /səpat/ | — |
| Cinque | baheŋvi /bahɛŋvi/ | lima /lima/ | — | lima /lima/ | lima /lima/ | *lima /lima/ | — |
| Ciao | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Grazie | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Buono | mavi /mavi/ | baik /baik/ | kuba /kuba/ | mapia /mapia/ | siam /siam/ | — /—/ | — /—/ |
| Nuovo | lukmuk /lukmuk/ | — | — | vaʼyo /vaʔjo/ | — | *baqeRuh /baqeRuh/ | — |
| Rosso | thalaleŋ /tʰalalɛŋ/ | merah /merah/ | kandukan /kandukan/ | mavayah /mavajah/ | mưriah /mɨriah/ | *ma-iRaq /ma-iRaq/ | kandukandu /kandukandu/ |
| Bianco | thapuk /tʰapuk/ | putih /putih/ | — | mahilak /mahilak/ | patih /patih/ | *ma-putiq /maputiq/ | — |
| Nero | loŋgavu /lɔŋɡavu/ | hitam /hitam/ | — | mavaeng /mavaɨŋ/ | hitam /hitam/ | *qeCeŋeN /qeCeŋeN/ | — |
| Verde | saŋgek /saŋɡɛk/ | — | — | maharem /maharɨm/ | — | — | — |
Pagina 1/8
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