Oluluhia
卢希亚语
大西洋-刚果（班图语支）
卢希亚语（卢伊亚语）是肯尼亚西部一组班图语的集合，有时被视为单一语言，有时被视为 16 种或更多独立语言。各变体（布库苏、马拉吉、马拉奇、旺加、洛加、萨米亚等）拥有独特音系和词汇特征，内部差异极大。标准文学变体基于若干变体的混合。卢希亚人是肯尼亚第二大民族，约 700 万人。属班图 J 区（尼安扎 JE 区），与乌干达甘达语、纽罗语关系密切。使用拉丁字母书写，具有声调。
使用地区
卢希亚语的87个核心词
来源
- Luhya Bibles on bible.com - Wanga "Ibibilia Indakatifu" (2656/2659), Bukusu "Ebibilia Endakatifu" (2654), Tiriki-Idakho-Isukha (2941), Nyore "Ebaibo Inzienukhu" (2882), Maragoli "Kitabu Kitakatifu" (2888), Samia NT (4575); en.wiktionary Luhya lemmas (38)
单词比较
与同属大西洋-刚果（班图语支）的语言比较
| 含义 | 卢希亚语 | 马萨巴语 | 布库苏语 | 索加语 | 尼安科莱语 | 奇加语 | 尼奥罗语 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 水 | amatsi /amatsi/ | kamaatsi /kamaːtsi/ | kameechi /kameːtʃi/ | amaadhi /amaːd̪i/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ |
| 火 | omuliro /omuliro/ | kamulilo /kamulilo/ | kumulilo /kumulilo/ | omuliro /omuliro/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | omurro /omurro/ |
| 太阳 | liuba /liuba/ | suuba /suːba/ | enyanga /eɲaŋɡa/ | endhuba /end̪uba/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ | izooba /izoːba/ |
| 月亮 | omwesi /omwesi/ | umweesi /umweːsi/ | kumwesi /kumwesi/ | omwezi /omwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ |
| 星 | engʼiningʼini /eŋiniŋini/ | kumunyeenye /kumuɲeːɲe/ | eng'enieesi /eŋeɲeːsi/ | emuunienie /emuːɲeɲe/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | enyunyuunzi /eɲuɲuːnzi/ |
| 晚上 | eshilo /eʃilo/ | busilo /busilo/ | siilo /siːlo/ | obwire /obwire/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | ekiro /etʃiro/ | ekiro /ekiro/ |
| 雨 | efula /eˈfula/ | ifula /ifula/ | efula /efula/ | enkuba /eŋkuba/ | enjura /enˈdʒura/ | enjura /eɲɟura/ | enjura /eɲɟura/ |
| 雪 | itsaluchi /itsalutʃi/ | — | ebarafu /ebarafu/ | — | — | — | ebirika /eβirika/ |
| 风 | omuyeka /omujeka/ | imbewo /imbewo/ | embeo /embeo/ | empewo /empewo/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ |
| 土 | liloba /liloba/ | liloba /liloba/ | liloba /liloba/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | itaka /itaka/ |
| 石头 | lichina /litʃina/ | libaale /libaːle/ | libaale /liβaːle/ | eibaale /eibaːle/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | ibaale /iβaːle/ |
| 山 | eshikulu /eʃikulu/ | lukiingi /lukiːŋɡi/ | sikulu /sikulu/ | olusozi /olusozi/ | orushozi /oruʃozi/ | omusozi /omusozi/ | orusozi /orusozi/ |
| 海 | inyanza /iɲanza/ | inyaantsa /iɲaːntsa/ | enyanja /eɲandʒa/ | enhandha /eɲand̪a/ | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ | enyanja /eɲaɲɟa/ |
| 母亲 | mayi /maji/ | mayi /maji/ | maayi /maːji/ | maama /maːma/ | maawe /maːwe/ | nyina /ɲina/ | nyinya /ɲiɲa/ |
| 父亲 | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | papa /papa/ | lata /lata/ | tata /tata/ | ishe /iʃe/ | isho /iʃo/ |
| 女儿 | omukhaana /omuxaːna/ | umukhaana /umuxaːna/ | omukhaana /omuxaːna/ | omughala /omuɣala/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ |
| 我 | ese /ese/ | ise /ise/ | ese /ese/ | nze /nze/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ |
| 你 | ewe /ewe/ | iwe /iwe/ | ewe /ewe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| 我们 | efwe /efwe/ | ifwe /ifwe/ | efwe /efwe/ | iffe /ifːe/ | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ |
| 名字 | elira /elira/ | lisiina /lisiːna/ | lisina /lisina/ | eriina /eriːna/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ | ibara /iβara/ |
| 人 | omundu /omundu/ | umundu /umundu/ | omundu /omundu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ |
| 头 | omurwe /omurwe/ | kumurwe /kumurwe/ | kumurwe /kumurwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ |
| 眼睛 | liiso /liːso/ | liiso /liːso/ | emoni /emoni/ | eriiso /eriːso/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | eriiso /eriːso/ |
| 耳朵 | eshirwi /eʃirwi/ | khukhuru /kʰukʰuru/ | liiru /liːru/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ |
| 鼻子 | amolu /amolu/ | lilyoolu /liʎoːlu/ | lyolu /ljolu/ | enhindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ |
| 嘴 | omunwa /omunwa/ | kumunwa /kumunwa/ | kumunwa /kumunwa/ | omunwa /omunwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ |
| 牙 | lino /lino/ | liino /liːno/ | liino /liːno/ | erino /erino/ | eriino /eriːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ |
| 舌头 | olulimi /olulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | olulimi /olulimi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ | orulimi /orulimi/ |
| 手 | omukhono /omukʰono/ | kumukhono /kumukʰono/ | kumukhono /kumuxono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ |
| 脚 | eshilenje /eʃilendʒe/ | shikyele /ʃikjele/ | sikele /sikele/ | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | ekigere /ekiɡere/ |
| 心 | omwoyo /omwojo/ | umwoyo /umwojo/ | kumwoyo /kumwojo/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ |
| 骨头 | eshikumba /eʃikumba/ | kumba /kumba/ | sikuumba /sikuːmba/ | eigumba /eiɡumba/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | igufa /iɡufa/ |
| 血 | amasayi /amasaji/ | kamafuki /kamafuki/ | kamafuki /kamafuki/ | omusaayi /omusaːji/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | esagama /esaɡama/ |
| 便便 | amafwi /amafwi/ | — | — | amazzi /amazːi/ | amazi /amazi/ | amazi /amazi/ | amazi /amazi/ |
| 爱 | obuyanzi /obujanzi/ | khusima /kʰusima/ | khusiima /xusiːma/ | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | rukundo /rukundo/ | kukunda /kukunda/ | kugonza /kuɡonza/ |
| 树 | omusala /omusala/ | kumusaala /kumusaːla/ | kumusaala /kumusaːla/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ |
| 狗 | imbwa /imbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ |
| 猫 | lipusi /lipusi/ | paka /paka/ | enyawu /eɲawu/ | pusi /pusi/ | enjangu /endʒaŋɡu/ | kapa /kapa/ | paaka /paːka/ |
| 鱼 | inyeni /iɲeni/ | enyeni /eɲeni/ | eng'eeni /eŋeːni/ | ekyenhandha /etʃeɲand̪a/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | encu /eɲtʃu/ |
| 鸟 | linyonyi /liɲoɲi/ | khanywinywi /kʰaɲwiɲwi/ | enyuni /eɲuni/ | enhonhi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ |
| 蝴蝶 | likuyukuyu /likujukuju/ | — | — | ekiwoiwolo /ekiwoiwolo/ | ekihuguuhugu /ekihuɡuːhuɡu/ | ekinyugunyugu /etʃiɲuɡuɲuɡu/ | — |
| 鸡蛋 | liki /liki/ | liiki /liːki/ | liiki /liːki/ | eggi /eɡːi/ | eihuri /eihuri/ | eihuri /eihuri/ | ihuli /ihuli/ |
| 熊 | itubu /itubu/ | — | — | — | edubu /edubu/ | edubu /edubu/ | edubu /edubu/ |
| 马 | ifarasi /ifarasi/ | ifarasi /ifarasi/ | efarasi /efarasi/ | embalaasi /embalaːsi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ |
| 房子 | enzu /enzu/ | nzu /nzu/ | enju /endʒu/ | endhu /end̪u/ | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ |
| 牛奶 | amabeere /amabeːre/ | kamabeele /kamabeːle/ | kamabeele /kamaβeːle/ | amata /amata/ | amate /amate/ | amate /amate/ | amata /amata/ |
| 蜂蜜 | obushi /obuʃi/ | bubuukhi /bubuːkʰi/ | buukhi /buːxi/ | omudheenene /omud̪eːnene/ | obwoki /obwoki/ | obwuuki /obwuːtʃi/ | obwoki /obwoki/ |
| 盐 | omunyu /omuɲu/ | kyumbi /kjumbi/ | kumuunyu /kumuːɲu/ | omuunhu /omuːɲu/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | omunyu /omuɲu/ |
| 葡萄酒 | idivai /idivai/ | iviini /iviːni/ | endali /endali/ | omwenge gw'emizabbibu /omweŋɡe ɡwemizabːibu/ | viino /viːno/ | viino /viːno/ | eviini /eviːni/ |
| 米 | omucheele /omutʃeːle/ | — | — | omutyele /omutjele/ | omukyeeri /omukjeːri/ | omukyeeri /omutʃeːri/ | — |
| 铁 | eshibia /eʃibia/ | sikyuma /sikjuma/ | sichuuma /sitʃuːma/ | ekyuma /ekjuma/ | ekyoma /eˈkjoma/ | obutare /obutare/ | ekyoma /ekjoma/ |
| 轮子 | omukurutumu /omukurutumu/ | kumukuwu /kumukuwu/ | engara /eŋɡara/ | enkede /eŋkede/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ |
| 书 | eshitabu /eʃitabu/ | shitabo /ʃitabo/ | sitabu /sitabu/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | ekitabo /etʃitabo/ | ekitabu /ekitaβu/ |
| 吃 | khulia /kʰulia/ | khulya /kʰuʎa/ | khulya /xulja/ | kulya /kulja/ | kurya /kurja/ | kurya /kurja/ | kulya /kulja/ |
| 喝 | khunywa /kʰuɲwa/ | khunywa /kʰuɲwa/ | khunywa /xuɲwa/ | kunhwa /kuɲʷa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ |
| 睡觉 | khukona /kʰukona/ | khukona /kʰukona/ | khukona /xukona/ | kutenduka /kutenduka/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kubyama /kubjama/ |
| 一 | ndala /ndala/ | mulala /mulala/ | ndala /ndala/ | ndala /ndala/ | emwe /emwe/ | rumwe /rumwe/ | emu /emu/ |
| 二 | tsibili /tsibili/ | babili /βaβili/ | babili /βaβili/ | ibiri /ibiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ |
| 三 | tsitaru /tsitaru/ | bisatu /bisatu/ | bataru /βataru/ | isatu /isatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ | isatu /isatu/ |
| 四 | tsine /tsine/ | tsine /tsine/ | bane /βane/ | ina /ina/ | eina /eina/ | ina /ina/ | ina /ina/ |
| 五 | tsirano /tsirano/ | tsirano /tsirano/ | baraano /βaraːno/ | itaanu /iˈtaːnu/ | itaano /itaːno/ | itaano /itaːno/ | itaano /iˈtaːno/ |
| 百 | emia /emia/ | sitondo /sitondo/ | miya /mija/ | kikumi /kikumi/ | igana /iɡana/ | igana /iɡana/ | kikumi /tʃikumi/ |
| 你好 | mulembe /mulembe/ | mulembe /mulembe/ | mulembe /mulembe/ | mwaakire /mwaːkire/ | agandi /aɡandi/ | oraire /oraire/ | oraire ota /oraire ota/ |
| 谢谢 | orio /orio/ | ole nise /ole nise/ | orio /orio/ | weebale /weːbale/ | webare /webare/ | webare /webare/ | webale /webale/ |
| 好 | malayi /malaji/ | kalayi /kalaji/ | kalayi /kalaji/ | bulungi /buluŋɡi/ | kirungi /kiruŋɡi/ | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ |
| 新 | eshiyia /eʃijia/ | imbya /imbja/ | embia /embia/ | iyaka /ijaka/ | ekisya /ekisja/ | ekisya /etʃisja/ | ekihyaka /ekihjaka/ |
| 红 | kumafu /kumafu/ | kumafu /kumafu/ | besemu /βesemu/ | myufu /mjufu/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ |
| 白 | eshilafu /eʃilafu/ | iwanga /iwaŋɡa/ | waanga /waːŋɡa/ | ndheru /nd̪eru/ | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ |
| 黑 | eshimali /eʃimali/ | imali /imali/ | mali /mali/ | ndhirugavu /nd̪iruɡavu/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ |
| 蓝 | buluu /buluː/ | — | — | bbululu /bːululu/ | bururu /bururu/ | — | — |
| 电脑 | ekompyuta /ekompjuta/ | — | — | — | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | kompiyuta /kompijuta/ | — |
| 99 | amakhumi tisa na tisa /amaxumi tisa na tisa/ | kamakhumi syeenda na syeenda /kamakʰumi sjeːnda na sjeːnda/ | kamakhumi tisa na tisa /kamaxumi tisa na tisa/ | kyenda na mwenda /kjenda na mwenda/ | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | kyenda na mwenda /tʃenda na mwenda/ |
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