ChiBemba
本巴语
大西洋-刚果（班图语支）
本巴语（ChiBemba）是赞比亚使用最广泛的语言，也是铜带省的主要通用语。它有5个元音，并具有音位性的长短对立，拥有一套完整、约十五个的班图语名词类别系统，在语言学研究中被用作班图语的参考语言。
使用地区
本巴语的87个核心词
chokoleti
来源
- Bemba Bible "Ishiwi Lyakwa Lesa" 2015 (bible.com version 1097); Mann 1995 Bemba stems via Bantu Basic Vocabulary Database (lexibank bantubvd, CBOLD); en.wiktionary Bemba lemmas; Glosbe en-bem (Wiktionnaire entries + JW sentences)
单词比较
与同属大西洋-刚果（班图语支）的语言比较
| 含义 | 本巴语 | 赞比亚通加语 | 卡翁德语 | 通布卡语 | 齐切瓦语 | 瑶语 | 绍纳语 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 水 | amenshi /amenʃi/ | meenda /meːnda/ | mema /mema/ | maji /madʒi/ | madzi /madzi/ | meesi /meːsi/ | mvura /mvura/ |
| 火 | umulilo /umulilo/ | mulilo /mulilo/ | mujilo /mudʒilo/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | mooto /moːto/ | moto /moto/ |
| 太阳 | akasuba /akasuba/ | zuba /zuba/ | juba /dʒuba/ | zuŵa /zuβa/ | dzuwa /dzuwa/ | lyuŵa /ʎuβa/ | zuva /zuva/ |
| 月亮 | umweshi /umweʃi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | ng'ondo /ŋondo/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | lwesi /lwesi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ |
| 星 | intanda /intanda/ | nyenyezi /ɲeˈɲezi/ | ntaanda /ntaːnda/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ | ndondwa /ndondwa/ | nyeredzi /ɲeredzi/ |
| 晚上 | ubushiku /ubuʃiku/ | busiku /busiku/ | bufuku /bufuku/ | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | chilo /tʃilo/ | usiku /usiku/ |
| 雨 | imfula /imˈfula/ | imvula /imvula/ | mvula /mvula/ | vula /ˈvula/ | mvula /ˈmvula/ | ula /ula/ | mvura /mvura/ |
| 雪 | ubunga bwa mfula /ubuŋɡa bwa mfula/ | caanda /tʃaːnda/ | sino /sino/ | chiwuvi /tʃiwuvi/ | chipale chofewa /tʃipale tʃofewa/ | — | sinoo /sinoː/ |
| 风 | umwela /umwela/ | muwo /muwo/ | lubesha /lubeʃa/ | mphepo /ˈmpʰepo/ | mphepo /ˈmpʰepo/ | mbungo /mbuŋɡo/ | mhepo /ˈmʱepo/ |
| 土 | umushili /umuʃili/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ | mushiji /muʃidʒi/ | dongo /doŋɡo/ | dothi /ˈdotʰi/ | litaka /litaka/ | ivhu /iβu/ |
| 石头 | ibwe /iˈbwe/ | ibbwe /iˈbwe/ | jibwe /dʒibwe/ | libwe /liˈɓwe/ | mwala /ˈmwala/ | liganga /liɡaŋɡa/ | ibwe /iˈɓwe/ |
| 山 | ulupili /ulupili/ | cilundu /tʃilundu/ | mutumba /mutumba/ | phiri /pʰiɾi/ | phiri /ˈpʰiɾi/ | chitumbi /tʃitumbi/ | gomo /ˈɡomo/ |
| 海 | bemba /bemba/ | lwaanje /lwaːndʒe/ | kalunga /kaluŋɡa/ | nyanja /ɲandʒa/ | nyanja /ɲandʒa/ | bahali /bahali/ | gungwa /ɡuŋɡwa/ |
| 母亲 | bamayo /bamajo/ | bama /bama/ | bamama /bamama/ | amama /amama/ | amayi /amaji/ | amao /amao/ | amai /amai/ |
| 父亲 | bataata /bataːta/ | bataata /bataːta/ | bataata /bataːta/ | adada /adada/ | abambo /abambo/ | atati /atati/ | baba /baba/ |
| 女儿 | umwana mwanakashi /umwana mwanakaʃi/ | mwana musimbi /mwana musimbi/ | mwana wamukazhi /mwana wamukaʒi/ | mwana msungwana /mwana msuŋɡwana/ | mwana wamkazi /mwana wamkazi/ | mwali /mwali/ | mwanasikana /mwanasikana/ |
| 我 | ine /ine/ | ime /ime/ | amiwa /amiwa/ | ine /ine/ | ine /ine/ | une /une/ | ini /ini/ |
| 你 | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | obewa /obewa/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | ugwe /uɡwe/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| 我们 | ifwe /ifwe/ | iswe /iswe/ | atweba /atweba/ | ise /ise/ | ife /ife/ | uwe /uwe/ | isu /isu/ |
| 名字 | ishina /iʃina/ | izina /iˈziːna/ | jizhina /dʒiʒina/ | zina /zina/ | dzina /dzina/ | liina /liːna/ | zita /zita/ |
| 人 | umuntu /umuntu/ | muntu /muntu/ | muntu /muntu/ | munthu /muntʰu/ | munthu /muntʰu/ | mundu /mundu/ | munhu /muˈnʱu/ |
| 头 | umutwe /umutwe/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | mutu /mutu/ | mutu /mutu/ | ntwe /ntwe/ | musoro /musoro/ |
| 眼睛 | ilinso /ilinso/ | liso /liso/ | jiso /dʒiso/ | jiso /dʒiso/ | diso /diso/ | liso /liso/ | ziso /ziso/ |
| 耳朵 | ukutwi /ukutwi/ | kutwi /kutwi/ | kutwi /kutwi/ | khutu /kʰutu/ | khutu /kʰutu/ | liwiwi /liwiwi/ | nzeve /nzeβe/ |
| 鼻子 | umona /umona/ | impemo /impemo/ | moona /moːna/ | mphuno /mpʰuno/ | mphuno /mˈpʰuno/ | lupula /lupula/ | mhino /mʱino/ |
| 嘴 | akanwa /akanwa/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | mlomo /m̩lomo/ | kamwa /ˈkamʷa/ | kang'wa /kaŋwa/ | muromo /muˈromo/ |
| 牙 | ilino /ilino/ | linyo /liɲo/ | jiino /dʒiːno/ | jino /dʒino/ | dzino /dzino/ | liino /liːno/ | zino /zino/ |
| 舌头 | ululimi /ululimi/ | mulaka /mulaka/ | lujimi /ludʒimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | lilime /lilime/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | rurimi /rurimi/ |
| 手 | ukuboko /ukuboko/ | kuboko /kuboko/ | kuboko /kuboko/ | woko /woko/ | dzanja /dzandʒa/ | nkono /nkono/ | ruoko /rwoko/ |
| 脚 | ulukasa /ulukasa/ | cituta /tʃituta/ | kuulu /kuːlu/ | lundi /lundi/ | phazi /ˈpʰazí/ | lukongolo /lukoŋɡolo/ | tsoka /tsoka/ |
| 心 | umutima /umutima/ | moyo /mojo/ | muchima /mutʃima/ | mtima /m̩tima/ | mtima /mtima/ | ntima /ntima/ | mwoyo /mwojo/ |
| 骨头 | ifupa /ifupa/ | ifuwa /ifuwa/ | kupa /kupa/ | chiwangwa /tʃiwaŋɡwa/ | fupa /fupa/ | liupa /liupa/ | pfupa /pfupa/ |
| 血 | umulopa /umulopa/ | bulowa /bulowa/ | mashi /maʃi/ | ndopa /ndopa/ | magazi /maɡazi/ | miasi /miasi/ | ropa /ropa/ |
| 便便 | amafi /amafi/ | tubi /tubi/ | — | mavi /mavi/ | matuvi /matuvi/ | manyi /maɲi/ | tsvina /tsvina/ |
| 爱 | ukutemwa /ukutemwa/ | luyando /lujando/ | butemwe /butemwe/ | kutemwa /kutemwa/ | chikondi /tʃikondi/ | unonyelo /unoɲelo/ | rudo /rudo/ |
| 树 | icimuti /itʃimuti/ | cisamu /tʃisamu/ | kichi /kitʃi/ | khuni /kʰuni/ | mtengo /mteŋɡo/ | chitela /tʃitela/ | muti /muti/ |
| 狗 | imbwa /imbwa/ | muvwa /muvwa/ | kabwa /kabwa/ | ncheŵe /ntʃeβe/ | galu /ɡalu/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ |
| 猫 | pushi /puʃi/ | kaaze /kaːze/ | kapuso /kapuso/ | chona /tʃona/ | mphaka /mpʰaka/ | paka /paka/ | katsi /katsi/ |
| 鱼 | isabi /isabi/ | inswi /inswi/ | jisabi /dʒisabi/ | somba /somba/ | nsomba /nsomba/ | somba /somba/ | hove /hove/ |
| 鸟 | icuni /itʃuni/ | kayuni /kajuni/ | ng'onyi /ŋoɲi/ | chiyuni /tʃijuni/ | mbalame /mɓaˈlame/ | chijuni /tʃidʒuni/ | shiri /ʃiri/ |
| 蝴蝶 | icipelebesha /itʃipelebeːʃa/ | inkoonkolekwa /iŋkoːŋkolekwa/ | kipupulwa /kipupulwa/ | bulawura /bulawuɾa/ | gulugufe /ɡuluˈɡufe/ | chipuluputwa /tʃipuluputwa/ | shaveshave /ʃaveʃave/ |
| 鸡蛋 | ilini /ilini/ | iji /idʒi/ | jike /dʒike/ | sumbi /sumbi/ | dzira /dzira/ | lindanda /lindanda/ | zai /zai/ |
| 熊 | bea /bea/ | bbeya /ˈbeja/ | mbeyala /mbejala/ | — | — | dubu /dubu/ | bheya /bʱeja/ |
| 马 | kabalwe /kabalwe/ | ibbiza /iˈbiza/ | mbili /mbili/ | hachi /hatʃi/ | hatchi /hatʃʰi/ | falasi /falasi/ | bhiza /biza/ |
| 房子 | ingʼanda /iŋːanda/ | ngʼanda /ŋanda/ | nzubo /nzubo/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyuumba /ɲuːmba/ | imba /imba/ |
| 牛奶 | umukaka /umukaka/ | mukupa /mukupa/ | mukaka /mukaka/ | mkaka /m̩kaka/ | mkaka /m̩kaka/ | maŵele /maβele/ | mukaka /mukaka/ |
| 蜂蜜 | ubuci /ubutʃi/ | buci /butʃi/ | buki /buki/ | uchi /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ |
| 盐 | umucele /umutʃele/ | munyo /muɲo/ | mukele /mukele/ | mchere /m̩tʃere/ | mchere /mtʃere/ | njete /ndʒete/ | munyu /muɲu/ |
| 葡萄酒 | umwangashi /umwaŋɡaʃi/ | waini /waini/ | binyu /biɲu/ | vinyo /viɲo/ | vinyo /viɲo/ | divai /divai/ | waini /waini/ |
| 米 | umupunga /umupuŋɡa/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ |
| 巧克力 | chokoleti | ccokoleti | — | chokoleti /tʃokoleti/ | chokoleti /tʃokoleti/ | chokoleti | chokoreti /tʃokoreti/ |
| 铁 | icela /iˈtʃela/ | butale /butale/ | kapotwe /kapotwe/ | chisulo /tʃiˈsulo/ | chitsulo /tʃiˈtsulo/ | chisyano /tʃisjano/ | simbi /ˈsimbi/ |
| 轮子 | umupeto /umupeto/ | ivwili /iˈvwili/ | kitanga /kitaŋɡa/ | khwiro /kʰwiro/ | gudumu /ɡudumu/ | wilo /wilo/ | vhiri /viri/ |
| 丝 | shiliki /ʃiliki/ | — | shilika /ʃilika/ | siliki /siliki/ | silika /silika/ | halili /halili/ | sirika /sirika/ |
| 书 | icitabo /itʃitabo/ | ibbuku /iˈbuku/ | buku /buku/ | buku /buku/ | buku /ˈbuku/ | chitabu /tʃitabu/ | bhuku /ˈɓuku/ |
| 吃 | ukulya /ukulja/ | kulya /kulja/ | kuja /kudʒa/ | kurya /kuɾja/ | kudya /kudja/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kudya /kudja/ |
| 喝 | ukunwa /ukunwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kutoma /kutoma/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ | kung'wa /kuŋwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ |
| 睡觉 | ukulaala /ukulaːla/ | koona /koːna/ | kulaala /kulaːla/ | kugona /kuˈɡona/ | kugona /kuˈɡona/ | kugona /kuɡona/ | kurara /kuˈrara/ |
| 一 | cimo /tʃimo/ | mwi /mwi/ | umo /umo/ | chimoza /tʃimoza/ | chimodzi /tʃimodzi/ | mo /mo/ | potsi /potsi/ |
| 二 | fibili /fibili/ | bili /bili/ | babiji /babidʒi/ | viŵiri /viβiɾi/ | awiri /awiri/ | iŵili /iβili/ | piri /piri/ |
| 三 | fitatu /fitatu/ | totatwe /totatwe/ | basatu /basatu/ | vitatu /vitatu/ | zitatu /zitatu/ | sitatu /sitatu/ | tatu /tatu/ |
| 四 | fine /fine/ | ne /ne/ | bana /bana/ | vinayi /vinaji/ | zinayi /zinaji/ | ncheche /ntʃetʃe/ | ina /ina/ |
| 五 | fisano /fisano/ | musanu /musanu/ | batanu /batanu/ | vinkhonde /viŋkʰonde/ | sanu /sanu/ | nsano /nsano/ | shanu /ʃanu/ |
| 百 | umwanda /umwanda/ | mwaanda /mwaːnda/ | kitota /kitota/ | zana /zana/ | zana /zana/ | mia /mia/ | zana /zana/ |
| 你好 | muli shani /muli ʃani/ | mwabuka buti /mwabuka buti/ | mwapoñai /mwapoɲai/ | monire /moniɾe/ | moni /moni/ | salama /salama/ | mhoro /mʱoro/ |
| 谢谢 | natotela /natotela/ | twalumba /twalumba/ | nasanta /nasanta/ | yewo /jewo/ | zikomo /zikomo/ | — /—/ | maita /maita/ |
| 好 | cisuma /tʃisuma/ | kabotu /kabotu/ | kyawama /kjawama/ | chiweme /tʃiweme/ | chabwino /tʃabwino/ | chambone /tʃambone/ | chakanaka /tʃakanaka/ |
| 新 | cipya /tʃipja/ | pya /pja/ | kipya /kipja/ | chiphya /tʃipʰja/ | chatsopano /tʃatsopano/ | jasambano /dʒasambano/ | itsva /itsva/ |
| 红 | kashika /kaʃika/ | subila /subila/ | chila /tʃila/ | swesi /swesi/ | chofiira /tʃofiːra/ | chechejeu /tʃetʃedʒeu/ | tsvuku /tsvuku/ |
| 白 | buuta /buːta/ | salala /salala/ | toka /toka/ | tuŵa /tuβa/ | yoyera /joˈjeɾa/ | cheswela /tʃeswela/ | chena /tʃena/ |
| 黑 | fiita /fiːta/ | siya /sija/ | fiita /fiːta/ | fipa /fipa/ | chakuda /tʃakuda/ | chepiliu /tʃepiliu/ | tema /tema/ |
| 绿 | katapa /katapa/ | — | — | biriŵiri /biɾiβiɾi/ | wobiriwira /wobiriwira/ | — | girini /ɡirini/ |
| 电脑 | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | kkompyuta /ˈkompjuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | kombiyuta /kombijuta/ |
| 茶 | tii /tiː/ | tii /tiː/ | — | tiyi /tiji/ | tiyi /ˈtiji/ | tiyi /tiji/ | tii /tiː/ |
| 咖啡 | kofi /kofi/ | kkofi /ˈkofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | khofi /kʰofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ |
| 糖 | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | syuga /sjuɡa/ | shuka /ʃuka/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | sukali /sukali/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ |
| 99 | amakumi pabula na pabula /amakumi pabula na pabula/ | makumi aali fuka afuka /makumi aːli fuka afuka/ | makumi atanu na ana ne itanu na ina /makumi atanu na ana ne itanu na ina/ | makhumi ghankhonde na ghanayi na vinkhonde na vinayi /makʰumi ɣaŋkʰonde na ɣanaji na viŋkʰonde na vinaji/ | makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu zisanu ndi zinayi /makumi asanu ndi anaji mpʰambu zisanu ndi zinaji/ | makumi msano ni mcece kwisa msano ni mcece /makumi msano ni mtʃetʃe kwisa msano ni mtʃetʃe/ | makumi mapfumbamwe nepfumbamwe /makumi mapfumbamwe nepfumbamwe/ |
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