Kĩembu
Embu
Niger-Kongo (Atlantik-Kongo, Bantu, E.50)
Embu (Kĩembu) ist eine Bantusprache des zentralen kenianischen Hochlands, die vom Volk der Embu im Embu County sowie in den angrenzenden Countys Tharaka-Nithi und Kirinyaga an den südöstlichen Hängen des Mount Kenya gesprochen wird, mit etwa 600.000 Sprechern. Sie gehört zusammen mit Kikuyu (ki, kik), Meru (mer), Kamba (kam) und anderen zur Bantu-Gruppe E.50 (Zentralkenia-Bantu) und teilt zahlreiche Kognaten und grammatische Merkmale mit diesen Nachbarsprachen. Wie andere Bantusprachen besitzt Embu ein Nominalklassensystem (~18 Klassen), eine agglutinierende Verbalmorphologie und eine tonale Phonologie. Durch die Verfassung von 2010 als indigene kenianische Sprache anerkannt. Starke mündliche Tradition; Bibelübersetzung im späten 20. Jahrhundert abgeschlossen.
Wo die Sprache gesprochen wird
Embu: 87 Kernwörter
Quellen
- Ethnologue: ebu
- Mwaniki (1973) The Living History of Embu and Mbeere
- Maho (2009) NUGL Online (Bantu E.50 group)
Wörter im Vergleich
Verglichen mit verwandten Sprachen: Niger-Kongo (Atlantik-Kongo, Bantu, E.50)
| Bedeutung | Embu | Kikuyu | Meru | Kamba | Nyaturu | Asu | Schambala |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wasser | manjĩ /maɲdʒe/ | maaĩ /maːe/ | rũũjĩ /ɾoːdʒe/ | kĩwʼũ /kiwu/ | maji /madʒi/ | mende /mende/ | mazi /mazi/ |
| Feuer | mwaki /mwaki/ | mwaki /mwaki/ | mwanki /mwaŋki/ | mwaki /mwaki/ | moto /moto/ | mshika /mʃika/ | moto /moto/ |
| Sonne | riũa /ɾioa/ | riũa /ɾioa/ | riũa /ɾioa/ | syũa /sjua/ | yura /juɾa/ | idhuva /iðuʋa/ | zuwa /zuwa/ |
| Mond | mweri /mwɛɾi/ | mweri /mwɛɾi/ | mweri /mwɛɾi/ | mwei /mwei/ | umweri /umweɾi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | ṅwezi /ŋwezi/ |
| Stern | njata /ɲdʒata/ | njata /ɲdʒata/ | njota /ndʒɔta/ | nzaĩ /nzai/ | njota /ndʒota/ | nyenyeri /ɲeɲeri/ | ntondwe /ntondwe/ |
| Nacht | ũtukũ /otuko/ | ũtukũ /otuko/ | ũtukũ /otuko/ | ũtukũ /utuku/ | utiku /utiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | kilo /kilo/ |
| Regen | mbura /mbura/ | mbura /ˈmbura/ | ngai /ŋɡai/ | mbua /ˈmbua/ | mbura /mbura/ | mvua /mvua/ | fula /fula/ |
| Schnee | ĩra /eɾa/ | ira /ˈiɾa/ | nkamia /ŋkamia/ | ĩa /ĩa/ | seluji /seludʒi/ | chasheru /tʃaʃeru/ | — |
| Wind | rũkũngi /ɾokoŋɡi/ | rũhuho /ɾòhùːhɔ̀/ | ruuo /ɾuːɔ/ | kĩseve /kiseve/ | mpefo /mpefo/ | mpeho /mpeho/ | mpeho /mpeho/ |
| Erde | mũthetu /moðɛtu/ | tĩĩri /teːɾi/ | mũthetu /moðɛtu/ | muthanga /muθaŋɡa/ | irongo /iɾoŋɡo/ | isanga /isaŋɡa/ | shanga /ʃaŋɡa/ |
| Stein | ĩthiga /eðiɡa/ | ihiga /iˈhiɣa/ | iiga /iːɡa/ | ivia /ivia/ | igwe /iɡwe/ | ibwe /ibwe/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| Berg | kĩrĩma /keɾema/ | kĩrĩma /keɾema/ | kĩrĩma /keɾema/ | kĩĩma /kiːma/ | gitanto /ɡitanto/ | ntuvi /ntuvi/ | muima /muima/ |
| Meer | ĩria /eɾia/ | — | ĩria /eɾia/ | ũkanga /ukaŋɡa/ | irambo /iɾambo/ | bahari /bahari/ | bahali /bahali/ |
| Mutter | nyanya /ɲaɲa/ | maitũ /maito/ | mami /mami/ | mwaitũ /mwaitu/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ |
| Vater | vava /βaβa/ | baba /baba/ | baaba /baːba/ | asa /asa/ | tata /tata/ | baba /baba/ | tate /tate/ |
| Tochter | mwarĩ /mwaɾe/ | mwarĩ /mwaɾe/ | mwarĩ /mwaɾe/ | mwĩĩtu /mwiːtu/ | muncha /muntʃa/ | mwana wa kibora /mwana wa kibora/ | ṅwana ywa kindele /ŋwana jwa kindele/ |
| Ich | nie /niɛ/ | niĩ /nie/ | ni /ni/ | nyie /ɲie/ | une /une/ | mine /mine/ | imi /imi/ |
| Du | we /wɛ/ | wee /wɛː/ | gwe /ɡwɛ/ | we /we/ | uwe /uwe/ | uwe /uwe/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| Wir | tue /tuɛ/ | ithuĩ /iðue/ | tuĩ /tue/ | ithye /iðje/ | sese /sese/ | uswi /uswi/ | ishwi /iʃwi/ |
| Name | rĩĩtwa /ɾeːtwa/ | rĩĩtwa /ɾeːtwa/ | rĩĩtwa /ɾeːtwa/ | ĩsyĩtwa /isʲitwa/ | rina /ɾina/ | izina /izina/ | zina /zina/ |
| Mensch | mũndũ /mondo/ | mũndũ /mondo/ | muntũ /munto/ | mũndũ /mundu/ | muntu /muntu/ | mntu /mntu/ | mntu /mntu/ |
| Kopf | kĩongo /keɔŋɡɔ/ | mũtwe /motwɛ/ | mũtwe /motwɛ/ | mũtwe /mutwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | mtwi /mtwi/ | mtwi /mtwi/ |
| Auge | riitho /ɾiːðɔ/ | riitho /riːðɔ/ | riitho /ɾiːðɔ/ | ĩtho /iθo/ | riho /riho/ | iiso /iːso/ | zisho /ziʃo/ |
| Ohr | gũtũ /ɡoto/ | gũtũ /ɣoto/ | gũtũ /ɡoto/ | kutu /kutu/ | ikutwi /ikutwi/ | isikio /isikio/ | shikio /ʃikio/ |
| Nase | ĩniũrũ /enioɾo/ | iniũrũ /inioɾo/ | nyiũrũ /ɲioɾo/ | inyũũ /iɲuː/ | mpura /mpuɾa/ | fua /fua/ | mpua /mpua/ |
| Mund | kanyua /kaɲua/ | kanua /kaˈnua/ | kanyua /kaɲua/ | kanywa /kaɲwa/ | momo /momo/ | momo /momo/ | kanwa /kanwa/ |
| Zahn | ĩgego /eɡɛɡɔ/ | igego /iɣɛɣɔ/ | ĩĩgo /eːɡɔ/ | ĩyo /ĩjo/ | ino /ino/ | jino /dʒino/ | zino /zino/ |
| Zunge | rũrĩmĩ /roɾeme/ | rũrĩmĩ /ɾoɾeme/ | rũũme /ɾoːmɛ/ | ũĩmi /uimi/ | urimi /urimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ |
| Hand | kĩvoko /keβɔkɔ/ | guoko /ɡuɔkɔ/ | njara /ndʒaɾa/ | kwʼoko /kwoko/ | ukuboko /ukuboko/ | mkono /mkono/ | mkono /mkono/ |
| Fuß | kũgũrũ /koɡoro/ | kũgũrũ /koɣoro/ | kũgũrũ /koɡoɾo/ | kũũ /kuː/ | mughuu /muɣuː/ | ivunda /ivunda/ | mulundi /mulundi/ |
| Herz | ngoro /ŋɡɔɾɔ/ | ngoro /ŋɡɔɾɔ/ | nkoro /ŋkɔɾɔ/ | ngoo /ŋɡoː/ | umutima /umutima/ | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ | moyo /mojo/ |
| Knochen | ĩvĩndĩ /evende/ | ihĩndĩ /ihende/ | mwĩndĩndĩ /mwendende/ | ĩvĩndĩ /ivindi/ | ikufa /ikufa/ | ivindi /ivindi/ | vuha /vuha/ |
| Blut | nthakame /nðakamɛ/ | thakame /ðakamɛ/ | tharike /ðaɾikɛ/ | nthakame /nðakame/ | sakami /sakami/ | sakame /sakame/ | mpome /mpome/ |
| Liebe | wendo /wɛndɔ/ | wendo /wɛndɔ/ | wendo /wɛndɔ/ | wendo /wendo/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | lumba /lumba/ | kukunda /kukunda/ |
| Baum | mũtĩ /mote/ | mũtĩ /mote/ | mũtĩ /mote/ | mũtĩ /muti/ | umuti /umuti/ | mti /mti/ | mti /mti/ |
| Hund | ngui /ŋɡui/ | ngui /ŋɡui/ | kurũ /kuɾo/ | ngitĩ /ŋɡiti/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | kuli /kuli/ |
| Katze | nyau /ɲau/ | nyaũ /ɲao/ | nyau /ɲau/ | mbaka /mbaka/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | nyau /ɲau/ |
| Fisch | nthamaki /nðamaki/ | thamaki /ðamaki/ | gĩkũyũ /ɡekojo/ | ikoyo /ikojo/ | somba /somba/ | samaki /samaki/ | samaki /samaki/ |
| Vogel | gĩconi /ɡetʃɔni/ | nyoni /ˈɲɔni/ | nyoni /ɲɔni/ | nyunyi /ɲuɲi/ | nyonyi /ɲoɲi/ | ideghe /ideɣe/ | deghe /deɣe/ |
| Ei | ĩtumbĩ /etumbe/ | itumbĩ /itumbe/ | nkara /ŋkaɾa/ | itumbi /itumbi/ | ighe /iɣe/ | igi /iɡi/ | tagi /taɡi/ |
| Pferd | mbarathi /mbaɾaði/ | mbarathi /mbaɾaði/ | mbarathi /mbaɾaði/ | mbalasi /mbalasi/ | nyumbu /ɲumbu/ | farasi /farasi/ | faashi /faːʃi/ |
| Haus | nyomba /ɲɔmba/ | nyũmba /ɲomba/ | nyomba /ɲɔmba/ | nyũmba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ |
| Milch | ĩriia /eɾiːa/ | iria /iria/ | ĩria /eɾia/ | iia /iːa/ | maya /maja/ | mavee /maveː/ | mele /mele/ |
| Honig | ũũkĩ /oːke/ | ũũkĩ /oːke/ | nainchũ /naintʃo/ | ũkĩ /uki/ | ruke /ruke/ | nzoke /nzoke/ | woki /woki/ |
| Salz | cumbĩ /tʃumbe/ | cumbĩ /tʃumbe/ | chumbĩ /tʃumbe/ | mũnyũ /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ |
| Wein | ndivei /ndiβei/ | ndibei /ndibɛi/ | ndibei /ndibɛi/ | mbinyu /mbiɲu/ | divai /divai/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ |
| Eisen | cuma /tʃuma/ | kĩgera /keˈɣɛra/ | chuma /tʃuːma/ | kyũma /kjuma/ | ichuma /itʃuma/ | kighera /kiɣera/ | kiama /kiama/ |
| Rad | nthugũ /nðuɡo/ | kĩgaragari /keɣaraɣari/ | — | ndĩa /ndia/ | — | — | — |
| Seide | hariri /haɾiɾi/ | hariri /haɾiɾi/ | hariri /haɾiɾi/ | — | hariri /haɾiɾi/ | hariri /hariri/ | halili /halili/ |
| Buch | ĩvuku /evuku/ | ibuku /iβuku/ | yuku /juku/ | ĩvuku /ivuku/ | gitabu /ɡitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ |
| Essen | kũrĩa /koɾea/ | kũrĩa /koɾea/ | kũrĩa /koɾea/ | kũya /kuja/ | kuria /kuɾia/ | kurya /kurja/ | kuja /kuɟa/ |
| Trinken | kũnyua /koɲua/ | kũnyua /koɲua/ | kũnyua /koɲua/ | kũnywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ |
| Schlafen | kũmama /komama/ | gũkoma /ɣoˈkɔma/ | kũmama /komama/ | koma /koma/ | kurara /kuɾaɾa/ | kushinjia /kuʃindʒia/ | kugosha /kuɡoʃa/ |
| Eins | ĩmwe /emwɛ/ | ĩmwe /emwɛ/ | ĩmwe /emwɛ/ | ĩmwe /imwe/ | umwe /umwe/ | imwe /imwe/ | ṅwenga /ŋwenɡa/ |
| Zwei | igĩrĩ /iɡeɾe/ | igĩrĩ /iɣeɾe/ | ijĩĩrĩ /idʒeːɾe/ | ilĩ /ili/ | aviri /aβiri/ | avili /aβili/ | mbili /mbili/ |
| Drei | ithatũ /iðato/ | ithatũ /iðato/ | ithatũ /iðato/ | itatu /itatu/ | itatu /itatu/ | adatu /adatu/ | katatu /katatu/ |
| Vier | inya /iɲa/ | inya /iɲa/ | inya /iɲa/ | inya /iɲa/ | inne /inːe/ | — | kane /kaːne/ |
| Fünf | ithano /iðanɔ/ | ithano /iðanɔ/ | ithaano /iðaːnɔ/ | itano /itano/ | itano /itano/ | — | kashano /kaʃano/ |
| Hundert | ĩgana /eɡana/ | igana /iɣana/ | ĩgana /eɡana/ | ĩana /iana/ | ighana /iɣana/ | ighana /iɣana/ | gana /ɡana/ |
| Hallo | wĩ mwaro /we mwaɾɔ/ | wĩmwega /wemwɛɡa/ | muuga /muːɡa/ | mwĩaĩle /mwiaile/ | mbukire /mbukiɾe/ | shiloi /ʃiloi/ | — /—/ |
| Danke | — /—/ | nĩ wega /ne wɛɡa/ | nĩ bwega /ne bwɛɡa/ | nĩ vinya /ni viɲa/ | asante /aˈsante/ | mwasanga /mwasaŋɡa/ | asante /asante/ |
| Gut | mwaro /mwaɾɔ/ | wega /wɛɡa/ | mwega /mwɛɡa/ | museo /museo/ | kihi /kihi/ | mwamba /mwamba/ | mtana /mtana/ |
| Neu | gĩcerũ /ɡetʃɛɾo/ | kĩerũ /keɛro/ | kĩerũ /keɛɾo/ | mweũ /mweu/ | mpya /mpja/ | shaa /ʃaː/ | mpya /mpja/ |
| Rot | ndune /ndunɛ/ | ũtune /otunɛ/ | ntuune /ntuːnɛ/ | ndune /nduneː/ | ntune /ntune/ | nkundu /nkundu/ | nkundu /nkundu/ |
| Weiß | njerũ /ndʒɛɾo/ | werũ /wɛro/ | njerũ /ndʒɛɾo/ | nzaũ /nzau/ | njeru /ndʒeru/ | jewa /dʒewa/ | yengʼaa /jeŋaː/ |
| Schwarz | mbirũ /mbiɾo/ | ũirũ /oiro/ | njirũ /ndʒiɾo/ | nziũ /nziu/ | njiutiki /ndʒiutiki/ | jiru /dʒiru/ | size /size/ |
| Blau | vururu /βuɾuɾu/ | bururu /bururu/ | — | mbuluu /mbuluː/ | — | — | — |
Seite 1/9
Die interaktive Karte öffnen: Word Map · HanMap · Name Map · Word Order · Tree
Teil von LangMap — einem Projekt zur Sprachvisualisierung. Dies ist eine statische, crawlbare Zusammenfassung; die interaktiven Karten bieten Ausspracheaudio, Filter und eine Globusansicht.
Erstellt von Heuron Inc. · GitHub · cho@heuron.com · LangMap Startseite