Shimaore
Maore-Komorisch
Niger-Kongo (Bantu, Sabaki-Sprachen)
Maore-Komorisch (Shimaore; ISO 639-3: swb) ist eine ostkomorische Sabaki-Bantusprache mit etwa 80.000–152.000 Sprechern, vor allem auf Mayotte im Komorenarchipel. Sie ist dem Shindzwani von Anjouan am nächsten verwandt und besteht auf Mayotte neben Kibushi und Französisch, der einzigen Amtssprache des Gebiets. Shimaore besitzt das bantutypische Nominalklassen- und Kongruenzsystem, eine reiche Verbalmorphologie, SVO als Grundwortstellung, ein Fünfvokalsystem /i e a o u/ und einen Gegensatz zwischen implosivem /ɓ ɗ/ und einfachem /b d/. Sein Wortschatz spiegelt neben ererbten Sabaki-Formen den langen Kontakt mit Arabisch, Malagasy und Französisch wider. Eine 2020 beschlossene départementale Orthografie legt sowohl lateinische als auch arabische Schreibkonventionen fest; die Sprache wird zunehmend in Bildung, Medien und lokalen Publikationen verwendet.
Wo die Sprache gesprochen wird
Maore-Komorisch: 87 Kernwörter
Quellen
- Ha`bari Ndjema ya I Maore, Shimaore New Testament (bible.com version 3672); fr.wiktionary shimaoré entries (imported from the ylangue lexicon: maji {{pron|maʒi}}, unwa, ula, ulala, muhono, ndjema, ndzukundru); en.wiktionary Maore Comorian (ORELC); Rombi numerals (Chan, Numeral Systems of the World's Languages)
Wörter im Vergleich
Verglichen mit verwandten Sprachen: Niger-Kongo (Bantu, Sabaki-Sprachen)
| Bedeutung | Maore-Komorisch | Komorisch | Swahili | Asu | Nyaturu | Schambala | Nyamwezi |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wasser | maji /maʒi/ | madji /madʒi/ | maji /madʒi/ | mende /mende/ | maji /madʒi/ | mazi /mazi/ | minzi /minzi/ |
| Feuer | moro /moro/ | mro /mro/ | moto /ˈmoto/ | mshika /mʃika/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ |
| Sonne | jua /dʒua/ | djua /dʒua/ | jua /dʒua/ | idhuva /iðuʋa/ | yura /juɾa/ | zuwa /zuwa/ | lyuba /ljuβa/ |
| Mond | mwezi /mwezi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | mwezi /ˈmwezi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | umweri /umweɾi/ | ṅwezi /ŋwezi/ | ngʼwezi /ŋweːzi/ |
| Stern | nyora /ɲora/ | nyora /ɲora/ | nyota /ˈɲota/ | nyenyeri /ɲeɲeri/ | njota /ndʒota/ | ntondwe /ntondwe/ | nsonda /nsonda/ |
| Nacht | uku /uku/ | masihu /masihu/ | usiku /usiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | utiku /utiku/ | kilo /kilo/ | buziku /buziku/ |
| Regen | vua /vua/ | nvua /ⁿvua/ | mvua /ˈmvua/ | mvua /mvua/ | mbura /mbura/ | fula /fula/ | mbula /mbula/ |
| Schnee | uv̄amba /uβamba/ | — | theluji /θeˈludʒi/ | chasheru /tʃaʃeru/ | seluji /seludʒi/ | — | theluji /θeluʒi/ |
| Wind | pev̄o /peβo/ | upepo /uˈpepo/ | upepo /uˈpepo/ | mpeho /mpeho/ | mpefo /mpefo/ | mpeho /mpeho/ | myaga /mjaɡa/ |
| Erde | trotro /tɾotɾo/ | — | udongo /uˈdoŋɡo/ | isanga /isaŋɡa/ | irongo /iɾoŋɡo/ | shanga /ʃaŋɡa/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ |
| Stein | ɓwe /ɓwe/ | — | jiwe /ˈdʒiwe/ | ibwe /ibwe/ | igwe /iɡwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| Berg | mulima /mulima/ | mlima /mlima/ | mlima /ˈmlima/ | ntuvi /ntuvi/ | gitanto /ɡitanto/ | muima /muima/ | lugulu /luɡulu/ |
| Meer | ɓahari /ɓahari/ | bahari /bahari/ | bahari /baˈhari/ | bahari /bahari/ | irambo /iɾambo/ | bahali /bahali/ | nyanza /ɲanza/ |
| Mutter | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /ˈmama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mayu /maju/ |
| Vater | ɓaɓa /ɓaɓa/ | baba /ɓaba/ | baba /ˈbaba/ | baba /baba/ | tata /tata/ | tate /tate/ | baba /baba/ |
| Tochter | mwana mutrumushe /mwana mutrumuʃe/ | mwana-mshe /mwana mʃe/ | binti /binti/ | mwana wa kibora /mwana wa kibora/ | muncha /muntʃa/ | ṅwana ywa kindele /ŋwana jwa kindele/ | mwana mukima /mwana mukima/ |
| Ich | wami /wami/ | wami /wami/ | mimi /ˈmimi/ | mine /mine/ | une /une/ | imi /imi/ | nene /ˈnene/ |
| Du | wawe /wawe/ | wawe /wawe/ | wewe /ˈwewe/ | uwe /uwe/ | uwe /uwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | gwegwe /ˈɡweɡwe/ |
| Wir | wasi /wasi/ | wasi /wasi/ | sisi /ˈsisi/ | uswi /uswi/ | sese /sese/ | ishwi /iʃwi/ | iswe /iswe/ |
| Name | dzina /dzina/ | dzina /dzina/ | jina /ˈdʒina/ | izina /izina/ | rina /ɾina/ | zina /zina/ | lina /ˈlina/ |
| Mensch | mutru /mutɾu/ | mndru /mndʳu/ | mtu /ˈmtu/ | mntu /mntu/ | muntu /muntu/ | mntu /mntu/ | munhu /munhu/ |
| Kopf | shitswa /ʃitswa/ | hitswa /hitswa/ | kichwa /ˈkitʃwa/ | mtwi /mtwi/ | itwe /itwe/ | mtwi /mtwi/ | mutwe /mutwe/ |
| Auge | dzitso /dzitso/ | dzitso /dzitso/ | jicho /dʒitʃo/ | iiso /iːso/ | riho /riho/ | zisho /ziʃo/ | liso /liso/ |
| Ohr | kio /kio/ | shishio /ʃiʃio/ | sikio /sikio/ | isikio /isikio/ | ikutwi /ikutwi/ | shikio /ʃikio/ | itwi /itwi/ |
| Nase | pua /pua/ | — | pua /ˈpua/ | fua /fua/ | mpura /mpuɾa/ | mpua /mpua/ | nindo /nindo/ |
| Mund | hanyo /haɲo/ | hanywa /haɲwa/ | mdomo /mˈɗomo/ | momo /momo/ | momo /momo/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | mulomo /mulomo/ |
| Zahn | dzino /dzino/ | dzinyo /dziɲo/ | jino /dʒino/ | jino /dʒino/ | ino /ino/ | zino /zino/ | lino /lino/ |
| Zunge | ulimi /ulimi/ | ulime /ulime/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | urimi /urimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ |
| Hand | muhono /muhono/ | mhono /mhono/ | mkono /mˈkono/ | mkono /mkono/ | ukuboko /ukuboko/ | mkono /mkono/ | kukono /kukono/ |
| Fuß | mundru /mundɾu/ | mndu /mndu/ | mguu /m̩ˈɠuː/ | ivunda /ivunda/ | mughuu /muɣuː/ | mulundi /mulundi/ | kugulu /kuɡulu/ |
| Herz | umo /umo/ | muo /muo/ | moyo /mojo/ | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ | umutima /umutima/ | moyo /mojo/ | moyo /mojo/ |
| Knochen | shiɓa /ʃiɓa/ | shiɓa /ʃiɓa/ | mfupa /mfupa/ | ivindi /ivindi/ | ikufa /ikufa/ | vuha /vuha/ | iguha /iɡuha/ |
| Blut | damu /damu/ | damu /damu/ | damu /damu/ | sakame /sakame/ | sakami /sakami/ | mpome /mpome/ | magazi /maɡazi/ |
| Liebe | mahaba /mahaba/ | mahaba /mahaba/ | upendo /uˈpendo/ | lumba /lumba/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | kukunda /kukunda/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ |
| Baum | muri /muri/ | mri /mri/ | mti /ˈmti/ | mti /mti/ | umuti /umuti/ | mti /mti/ | muti /muti/ |
| Hund | mbwa /ᵐbwa/ | mɓwa /mɓwa/ | mbwa /ᵐbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | kuli /kuli/ | mbwa /mbwa/ |
| Katze | paka /paka/ | paha /paha/ | paka /ˈpaka/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | nyau /ɲau/ | paka /paka/ |
| Fisch | fi /fi/ | nfi /ⁿfi/ | samaki /samaki/ | samaki /samaki/ | somba /somba/ | samaki /samaki/ | somba /soːmba/ |
| Vogel | nyunyi /ɲuɲi/ | nuni /nuni/ | ndege /ndeɡe/ | ideghe /ideɣe/ | nyonyi /ɲoɲi/ | deghe /deɣe/ | noni /noni/ |
| Ei | jwai /dʒwai/ | djwai /dʒwai/ | yai /ˈjai/ | igi /iɡi/ | ighe /iɣe/ | tagi /taɡi/ | igi /iɡi/ |
| Pferd | farasi /farasi/ | farasi /farasi/ | farasi /faˈrasi/ | farasi /farasi/ | nyumbu /ɲumbu/ | faashi /faːʃi/ | falasi /falasi/ |
| Haus | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲũba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | numba /numba/ |
| Milch | dziya /dzija/ | dziwa /dziwa/ | maziwa /maˈziwa/ | mavee /maveː/ | maya /maja/ | mele /mele/ | mabeele /maβeːle/ |
| Honig | ngizi /ŋizi/ | ndizi ya nyoshi /ⁿdizi ja ɲoʃi/ | asali /aˈsali/ | nzoke /nzoke/ | ruke /ruke/ | woki /woki/ | buuki /buːki/ |
| Salz | shingo /ʃiŋɡo/ | shingo /ʃiŋɡo/ | chumvi /tʃumvi/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munu /munu/ |
| Wein | maji ya zaɓiɓu /maʒi ja zaɓiɓu/ | — | mvinyo /mˈviɲo/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | divai /divai/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ |
| Eisen | shuma /ʃuma/ | shuma /ʃuma/ | chuma /tʃuma/ | kighera /kiɣera/ | ichuma /itʃuma/ | kiama /kiama/ | kisinza /kisinza/ |
| Seide | hariri /hariri/ | — | hariri /haˈriri/ | hariri /hariri/ | hariri /haɾiɾi/ | halili /halili/ | — |
| Buch | shio /ʃio/ | shio /ʃio/ | kitabu /kiˈtabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | gitabu /ɡitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ |
| Essen | ula /ula/ | hula /hula/ | kula /ˈkula/ | kurya /kurja/ | kuria /kuɾia/ | kuja /kuɟa/ | kulya /kuʎa/ |
| Trinken | unwa /unwa/ | hunwa /hunwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ |
| Schlafen | ulala /ulala/ | ulala /ulala/ | kulala /kulala/ | kushinjia /kuʃindʒia/ | kurara /kuɾaɾa/ | kugosha /kuɡoʃa/ | kulala /kulala/ |
| Eins | moja /moʒa/ | montsi /montsi/ | moja /modʒa/ | imwe /imwe/ | umwe /umwe/ | ṅwenga /ŋwenɡa/ | imo /imo/ |
| Zwei | mbili /ᵐbili/ | mbili /ᵐbili/ | mbili /mˈbili/ | avili /aβili/ | aviri /aβiri/ | mbili /mbili/ | ibili /iβili/ |
| Drei | traru /tɾaɾu/ | ndraru /ⁿdʳaru/ | tatu /tatu/ | adatu /adatu/ | itatu /itatu/ | katatu /katatu/ | idatu /idatu/ |
| Vier | nne /nːe/ | nne /nːe/ | nne /nːe/ | — | inne /inːe/ | kane /kaːne/ | inne /inːe/ |
| Fünf | tsano /tsano/ | ntsanu /ⁿtsanu/ | tano /ˈtano/ | — | itano /itano/ | kashano /kaʃano/ | itaano /itaːno/ |
| Hundert | mia /mia/ | djana /dʒana/ | mia /ˈmia/ | ighana /iɣana/ | ighana /iɣana/ | gana /ɡana/ | igana /iɡana/ |
| Hallo | Jeje /dʒedʒe/ | eyavo /ejavo/ | habari /haˈbari/ | shiloi /ʃiloi/ | mbukire /mbukiɾe/ | — /—/ | mwadita /mwadita/ |
| Danke | marahaba /marahaːba/ | marahaba /marahaba/ | asante /aˈsante/ | mwasanga /mwasaŋɡa/ | asante /aˈsante/ | asante /asante/ | twabakaba /twaβakaβa/ |
| Gut | ndjema /ndʒema/ | ndjema /ⁿdʒema/ | nzuri /ˈnzuri/ | mwamba /mwamba/ | kihi /kihi/ | mtana /mtana/ | soga /soɡa/ |
| Neu | pia /pia/ | — | mpya /ˈmpja/ | shaa /ʃaː/ | mpya /mpja/ | mpya /mpja/ | pya /pja/ |
| Rot | ndzukundru /ndzukundɾu/ | nyekundu /ɲekundu/ | nyekundu /ɲekundu/ | nkundu /nkundu/ | ntune /ntune/ | nkundu /nkundu/ | laluku /laluku/ |
| Weiß | ndjeu /ndʒeu/ | — | nyeupe /ɲeupe/ | jewa /dʒewa/ | njeru /ndʒeru/ | yengʼaa /jeŋaː/ | pe /pe/ |
| Schwarz | ndziɗu /ndziɗu/ | — | nyeusi /ɲeusi/ | jiru /dʒiru/ | njiutiki /ndʒiutiki/ | size /size/ | pi /pi/ |
| Orange | trundra /tɾundɾa/ | — | chungwa /tʃuŋɡwa/ | — | — | — | — |
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