A Fala
Fala
Indogermanisch
Fala (A Fala de Xálima, „die Sprache von Xálima“ oder „die dritte spanische Sprache“) ist eine iberoromanische Sprache des galicisch-portugiesischen Zweigs, die im Vall de Xálima im Nordwesten der Provinz Cáceres in der Extremadura, Spanien, gesprochen wird (die drei „Lugares de Fala“-Dörfer: San Martín de Trevejo, Eljas, Valverde del Fresno). Fala steht in einer komplexen genealogischen Beziehung zum Galicischen (gl) und zum Portugiesischen (pt), mit starken Belegen für eine leonesische Reconquista-Wiederbesiedlung im 13. Jahrhundert, die nordwestiberoromanische Varietäten in diesen extremadurischen Vorposten brachte. Spanien erkannte Fala 2001 als regionale Kulturerbesprache an. Zu unterscheiden vom Extremadurischen (ext) — einer spanisch-asturischen Übergangsvarietät, ebenfalls aus Cáceres, aber in anderen Tälern. Jedes der drei Fala-Dörfer hat seine eigene Varietät: Xalimegu (San Martín), Lagarteiru (Eljas), Mañegu (Valverde del Fresno).
Wo die Sprache gesprochen wird
Fala: 87 Kernwörter
Quellen
Wörter im Vergleich
Verglichen mit verwandten Sprachen: Indogermanisch
| Bedeutung | Fala | Galizisch | Extremadurisch | Angolanisches Portugiesisch | Asturisch | Mosambikanisches Portugiesisch | Aragonesisch |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wasser | augua /ˈaɡwa/ | auga /ˈawɣa/ | augua /ˈawɣwa/ | água /ˈaɡwɐ/ | agua /ˈaɣwa/ | água /ˈaɡwɐ/ | augua /ˈawɡwa/ |
| Feuer | fogu /ˈfoɡu/ | lume /ˈlume/ | huegu /ˈhweɣu/ | fogo /ˈfoɡu/ | fueu /ˈfweu/ | fogo /ˈfoɡu/ | fuego /ˈfweɣo/ |
| Sonne | sol /sɔl/ | sol /sɔl/ | sol /sɔl/ | sol /sɔl/ | sol /sol/ | sol /sɔl/ | sol /sol/ |
| Mond | lúa /ˈlua/ | lúa /ˈlua/ | luna /ˈluna/ | lua /ˈluɐ/ | lluna /ˈʎuna/ | lua /ˈluɐ/ | luna /ˈluna/ |
| Stern | estrela /esˈtɾela/ | estrela /esˈtɾela/ | estrella /ehˈtɾeʎa/ | estrela /ɨʃˈtɾelɐ/ | estrella /esˈtɾeʎa/ | estrela /ɨʃˈtɾelɐ/ | estrela /esˈtɾela/ |
| Nacht | noiti /ˈnojti/ | noite /ˈnojte/ | nochi /ˈnotʃi/ | noite /ˈnojte/ | nueche /ˈnwetʃe/ | noite /ˈnojte/ | nueit /nwejt/ |
| Regen | chuiva /tʃuiva/ | choiva /ˈtʃoi̯βa/ | lluvia /ˈʎuβja/ | chuva /ˈʃuvɐ/ | lluvia /ˈʎuβja/ | chuva /ˈʃuvɐ/ | plevia /ˈplebja/ |
| Schnee | nevi /ˈnebi/ | neve /ˈneβe/ | ñevi /ˈɲeβi/ | neve /ˈnɛvɨ/ | nieve /njeβe/ | neve /ˈnɛvɨ/ | nieu /njew/ |
| Wind | ventu /ˈbentu/ | vento /ˈbento/ | ventu /ˈbentu/ | vento /ˈvẽtu/ | vientu /ˈbjentu/ | vento /ˈvẽtu/ | viento /ˈbjento/ |
| Erde | terra /tɛra/ | terra /ˈtɛra/ | tierra /ˈtjera/ | terra /ˈtɛʁɐ/ | tierra /ˈtjera/ | terra /ˈtɛʁɐ/ | tierra /ˈtjera/ |
| Stein | pedra /ˈpeðɾa/ | pedra /ˈpeðɾa/ | piedra /ˈpjeðɾa/ | pedra /ˈpɛðɾɐ/ | piedra /ˈpjeðɾa/ | pedra /ˈpɛðɾɐ/ | piedra /ˈpjeðɾa/ |
| Berg | montaña /monˈtaɲa/ | montaña /monˈtaɲa/ | montaña /monˈtaɲa/ | montanha /mõˈtaɲɐ/ | monte /ˈmonte/ | montanha /mõˈtaɲɐ/ | montaña /monˈtaɲa/ |
| Meer | mar /maɾ/ | mar /maɾ/ | mar /maɾ/ | mar /maɾ/ | mar /maɾ/ | mar /maɾ/ | mar /maɾ/ |
| Mutter | mai /mai/ | nai /naj/ | mai /mai/ | mãe /mɐ̃j/ | madre /ˈmaðɾe/ | mãe /mɐ̃j/ | mai /maj/ |
| Vater | pai /pai/ | pai /paj/ | pairi /ˈpajɾi/ | pai /paj/ | padre /ˈpaðɾe/ | pai /paj/ | pai /paj/ |
| Tochter | filla /ˈfiʎa/ | filla /ˈfiʎa/ | ija /ˈiha/ | filha /ˈfiʎɐ/ | fía /ˈfia/ | filha /ˈfiʎɐ/ | filla /ˈfiʎa/ |
| Ich | eu /ew/ | eu /ew/ | yo /ʝo/ | eu /ew/ | yo /ʝo/ | eu /ew/ | yo /ʝo/ |
| Du | tu /tu/ | ti /ti/ | tú /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tu /tu/ | tú /tu/ |
| Wir | nós /nɔʃ/ | nós /nɔs/ | nusotrus /nusoˈtɾus/ | nós /nɔʃ/ | nosotros /noˈsotɾos/ | nós /nɔʃ/ | nusatros /nuˈsatɾos/ |
| Name | nomi /ˈnomi/ | nome /ˈnome/ | nombri /ˈnombɾi/ | nome /ˈnomɨ/ | nome /ˈnome/ | nome /ˈnomɨ/ | nombre /ˈnombɾe/ |
| Mensch | pesoa /peˈsoa/ | persoa /pɛɾˈsoa/ | presona /pɾeˈsona/ | pessoa /pɨˈsoɐ/ | persona /peɾˈsona/ | pessoa /pɨˈsoɐ/ | persona /peɾˈsona/ |
| Kopf | cabeza /kaˈbeθa/ | cabeza /kaˈβeθa/ | cabeça /kaˈβesa/ | cabeça /kaˈbesɐ/ | cabeza /kaˈβeθa/ | cabeça /kɐˈbesɐ/ | cabeza /kaˈβeθa/ |
| Auge | ollu /ˈoʎu/ | ollo /ˈoʎo/ | oju /ˈohu/ | olho /ˈoʎu/ | güeyu /ˈɡweʝu/ | olho /ˈoʎu/ | uello /ˈweʎo/ |
| Ohr | orella /oˈreʎa/ | orella /oˈreʎa/ | oreja /oˈɾexa/ | orelha /oˈɾeʎɐ/ | oreya /oˈɾeʝa/ | orelha /oˈɾeʎɐ/ | orella /oˈɾeʎa/ |
| Nase | nariz /naˈɾis/ | nariz /naˈɾiθ/ | narís /naˈɾis/ | nariz /naˈɾiʃ/ | nariz /naˈɾiθ/ | nariz /naˈɾiʃ/ | naso /ˈnaso/ |
| Mund | boca /ˈboka/ | boca /ˈbɔka/ | boca /ˈboka/ | boca /ˈbokɐ/ | boca /ˈboka/ | boca /ˈbokɐ/ | boca /ˈboka/ |
| Zahn | diente /ˈðjente/ | dente /ˈdente/ | dienti /ˈdjenti/ | dente /ˈdẽte/ | diente /ˈdjente/ | dente /ˈdẽte/ | dient /djent/ |
| Zunge | léngua /ˈleŋwa/ | lingua /ˈliŋɡwa/ | luenga /ˈlweŋɡa/ | língua /ˈlĩɡwa/ | llingua /ˈʎiŋɡwa/ | língua /ˈlĩɡwa/ | luenga /ˈlweŋɡa/ |
| Hand | mau /mau/ | man /maŋ/ | manu /ˈmanu/ | mão /mɐ̃w/ | mano /ˈmano/ | mão /mɐ̃w/ | man /man/ |
| Fuß | pe /pɛ/ | pé /pɛ/ | pie /pje/ | pé /pɛ/ | pie /pje/ | pé /pɛ/ | piet /pjet/ |
| Herz | curaçón /kuɾaˈsɔn/ | corazón /koɾaˈθoŋ/ | curaçón /kuɾaˈsɔn/ | coração /kuɾɐˈsɐ̃w/ | corazón /koɾaˈθon/ | coração /kuɾɐˈsɐ̃w/ | corazón /koɾaˈθon/ |
| Knochen | osu /ˈosu/ | óso /ˈɔso/ | güesu /ˈɡwesu/ | osso /ˈosu/ | güesu /ˈɡwesu/ | osso /ˈosu/ | güeso /ˈɣweso/ |
| Blut | sangri /ˈsaŋɡɾi/ | sangue /ˈsaŋɡe/ | sangri /ˈsaŋɡɾi/ | sangue /ˈsɐ̃ɡe/ | sangre /ˈsaŋɡɾe/ | sangue /ˈsɐ̃ɡe/ | sangre /ˈsaŋɡɾe/ |
| Kacke | merda /ˈmeɾda/ | caca /ˈkaka/ | — | cocó /koˈkɔ/ | caca /ˈkaka/ | cocó /koˈkɔ/ | caca /ˈkaka/ |
| Liebe | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amol /aˈmol/ | amor /ɐˈmoɾ/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ | amor /ɐˈmoɾ/ | amor /aˈmoɾ/ |
| Baum | arbol /ˈaɾβol/ | árbore /ˈaɾβoɾe/ | arbol /ˈaɾβol/ | árvore /ˈaɾvuɾɨ/ | árbol /ˈaɾβol/ | árvore /ˈaɾvuɾɨ/ | árbol /ˈaɾβol/ |
| Hund | can /kan/ | can /kaŋ/ | perru /ˈperu/ | cão /kɐ̃w̃/ | perru /ˈperu/ | cão /kɐ̃w/ | can /kan/ |
| Katze | gatu /ˈɣatu/ | gato /ˈɡato/ | gatu /ˈɡatu/ | gato /ˈɡatu/ | gatu /ˈɡatu/ | gato /ˈɡatu/ | gato /ˈɡato/ |
| Fisch | peixi /ˈpejʃi/ | peixe /ˈpejʃe/ | pexi /ˈpeʃi/ | peixe /ˈpejʃe/ | pexe /ˈpeʃe/ | peixe /ˈpejʃe/ | peix /pejʃ/ |
| Vogel | páxaru /ˈpaʃaɾu/ | paxaro /ˈpaʃaɾo/ | páxaru /ˈpaxaɾu/ | pássaro /ˈpasaɾu/ | páxaru /ˈpaʃaɾu/ | pássaro /ˈpasaɾu/ | paixaro /paˈʃaɾo/ |
| Schmetterling | maripoixha /maɾiˈpoiʒa/ | bolboreta /bolβoˈɾeta/ | — | borboleta /buɾbuˈletɐ/ | caparina /kapaˈɾina/ | borboleta /buɾbuˈletɐ/ | paxarela /paʃaˈɾela/ |
| Ei | ovu /ˈobu/ | ovo /ˈɔβo/ | güevu /ˈɡweβu/ | ovo /ˈovu/ | güevu /ˈɡweβu/ | ovo /ˈovu/ | uego /ˈweɣo/ |
| Pferd | cabalu /kaˈbalu/ | cabalo /kaˈβalo/ | caballu /kaˈβaʎu/ | cavalo /kaˈvalu/ | caballu /kaˈβaʎu/ | cavalo /kɐˈvalu/ | caballo /kaˈβaʎo/ |
| Haus | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkazɐ/ | casa /ˈkasa/ | casa /ˈkazɐ/ | casa /ˈkasa/ |
| Milch | leiti /ˈlejti/ | leite /ˈlejte/ | lechi /ˈletʃi/ | leite /ˈlejte/ | lleche /ˈʎetʃe/ | leite /ˈlejte/ | leit /lejt/ |
| Honig | mel /mɛl/ | mel /mɛl/ | miel /mjel/ | mel /mɛl/ | miel /mjel/ | mel /mɛl/ | miel /mjel/ |
| Salz | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ | sal /sal/ |
| Wein | viñu /ˈbiɲu/ | viño /ˈbiɲo/ | vinu /ˈbinu/ | vinho /ˈviɲu/ | vinu /ˈbinu/ | vinho /ˈviɲu/ | vin /bin/ |
| Reis | arró /aˈɾo/ | arroz /aˈɾoθ/ | arrós /aˈros/ | arroz /ɐˈʁoʃ/ | arroz /aˈroθ/ | arroz /ɐˈʁoʃ/ | arroz /aˈroθ/ |
| Schokolade | chocolati /tʃokoˈlati/ | chocolate /tʃokoˈlate/ | chocolati /tʃokoˈlati/ | chocolate /ʃukuˈlatɨ/ | chicolate /tʃikoˈlate/ | chocolate /ʃukuˈlatɨ/ | chicolate /tʃikoˈlate/ |
| Eisen | ferru /ˈferu/ | ferro /ˈfɛro/ | hierru /ˈhjeru/ | ferro /ˈfɛʁu/ | fierro /ˈfjero/ | ferro /ˈfɛʁu/ | fierro /ˈfjero/ |
| Rad | roa /ˈroa/ | roda /ˈrɔða/ | ruea /ˈrwea/ | roda /ˈʁɔdɐ/ | rueda /ˈrweða/ | roda /ˈʁɔdɐ/ | rueda /ˈrweða/ |
| Buch | libru /ˈlibɾu/ | libro /ˈliβɾo/ | libru /ˈliβɾu/ | livro /ˈlivɾu/ | llibru /ˈʎiβɾu/ | livro /ˈlivɾu/ | libro /ˈliβɾo/ |
| Essen | cumel /kuˈmel/ | comer /koˈmeɾ/ | comel /koˈmel/ | comer /kuˈmeɾ/ | comer /koˈmeɾ/ | comer /kuˈmeɾ/ | minchar /minˈtʃaɾ/ |
| Trinken | bebel /beˈβel/ | beber /beˈβeɾ/ | bebel /beˈβel/ | beber /bɨˈbeɾ/ | beber /beˈβeɾ/ | beber /bɨˈbeɾ/ | beber /beˈβeɾ/ |
| Schlafen | durmir /durˈmir/ | durmir /duɾˈmiɾ/ | durmil /duɾˈmil/ | dormir /duɾˈmiɾ/ | dormir /dorˈmir/ | dormir /duɾˈmiɾ/ | dormir /doɾˈmiɾ/ |
| Eins | un /un/ | un /uŋ/ | un /un/ | um /ũ/ | ún /un/ | um /ũ/ | uno /ˈuno/ |
| Zwei | dous /dows/ | dous /dows/ | dos /dos/ | dois /dojʃ/ | dos /dos/ | dois /dojʃ/ | dos /dos/ |
| Drei | tres /tɾes/ | tres /tɾes/ | tres /tɾes/ | três /tɾeʃ/ | tres /tɾes/ | três /tɾeʃ/ | tres /tɾes/ |
| Vier | cuatru /ˈkwatɾu/ | catro /ˈkatɾo/ | cuatru /ˈkwatɾu/ | quatro /ˈkwatɾu/ | cuatro /ˈkwatɾo/ | quatro /ˈkwatɾu/ | quatro /ˈkwatɾo/ |
| Fünf | cinco /ˈθiŋko/ | cinco /ˈθiŋko/ | cincu /ˈθiŋku/ | cinco /ˈsĩku/ | cinco /ˈθiŋko/ | cinco /ˈsĩku/ | cinco /ˈθiŋko/ |
| Hundert | cen /θeŋ/ | cen /θeŋ/ | cien /θjen/ | cem /sẽj̃/ | cien /θjen/ | cem /sẽj̃/ | cient /θjent/ |
| Hallo | salú /saˈlu/ | ola /ˈɔla/ | salú /saˈlu/ | olá /ɔˈla/ | hola /ˈola/ | olá /ɔˈla/ | hola /ˈola/ |
| Danke | gracias /ˈɣɾasjas/ | grazas /ˈɡɾaθas/ | gracias /ˈɣɾasjas/ | obrigado /obɾiˈɡadu/ | gracies /ˈɡɾaθjes/ | obrigado /obɾiˈɡadu/ | gracias /ˈɡɾaθjas/ |
| Gut | bõ /bõ/ | bo /bɔ/ | güenu /ˈɡwenu/ | bom /bõ/ | bonu /ˈbonu/ | bom /bõ/ | bueno /ˈbweno/ |
| Neu | novu /ˈnobu/ | novo /ˈnɔβo/ | nuevu /ˈnweβu/ | novo /ˈnovu/ | nuevu /ˈnweβu/ | novo /ˈnovu/ | nuevo /ˈnweβo/ |
| Rot | vermellu /beɾˈmeʎu/ | vermello /beɾˈmeʎo/ | coloráu /koloˈɾaw/ | vermelho /veɾˈmeʎu/ | bermeyu /beɾˈmeʝu/ | vermelho /veɾˈmeʎu/ | royo /ˈrojo/ |
| Weiß | branco /bɾaŋko/ | branco /ˈbɾaŋko/ | blancu /ˈblaŋku/ | branco /ˈbɾɐ̃ku/ | blancu /ˈblaŋku/ | branco /ˈbɾɐ̃ku/ | blanco /ˈblaŋko/ |
| Schwarz | negru /ˈneɡɾu/ | negro /ˈneɣɾo/ | negru /ˈneɣɾu/ | preto /ˈpɾetu/ | negru /ˈneɣɾu/ | preto /ˈpɾetu/ | negro /ˈneɣɾo/ |
| Grün | verdi /ˈbeɾdi/ | verde /ˈbeɾðe/ | verdi /ˈbeɾði/ | verde /ˈveɾde/ | verde /ˈbeɾðe/ | verde /ˈveɾde/ | verde /ˈbeɾde/ |
| Kuckuck | cucu /ˈkuku/ | cuco /ˈkuko/ | cucu /ˈkuku/ | cuco /ˈkuku/ | cuquiellu /kuˈkjeʎu/ | cuco /ˈkuku/ | cuculo /kuˈkulo/ |
| Orange | laranxa /laˈɾaŋʃa/ | laranxa /laˈɾaŋʃa/ | naranja /naˈɾaŋha/ | laranja /laˈɾɐ̃ʒa/ | naranxa /naˈɾaŋʃa/ | laranja /lɐˈɾɐ̃ʒɐ/ | narancha /naˈɾantʃa/ |
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