Rukiga
Chiga
Atlantik-Kongo-Sprachfamilie (Bantu-Zweig, JE Runyakitara)
Chiga (Rukiga) ist eine Bantusprache der JE-Zone im Südwesten Ugandas (Region Kigezi: Distrikte Kabale, Kanungu, Rukiga) mit etwa 2,3 Mio. Sprechern. Sie gehört zum Runyakitara-Cluster (zusammen mit Nyankole/Runyankole, Tooro/Rutoro, Nyoro/Runyoro) und ist mit den drei anderen weitgehend gegenseitig verständlich; die vier werden für Bildungs- und Rundfunkzwecke manchmal als eine einzige Sprache (Runyakitara) behandelt. Standardmäßiges Bantu-Nominalklassensystem mit ausgedehnter Kongruenz, Hoch-/Tieftöne. Die Bakiga, traditionell Ackerbauern im Hochland von Kigezi, bilden eine bedeutende kulturelle und politische Gemeinschaft Ugandas. Lateinische Orthographie, von Missionaren entwickelt.
Wo die Sprache gesprochen wird
Chiga: 87 Kernwörter
Quellen
Wörter im Vergleich
Verglichen mit verwandten Sprachen: Atlantik-Kongo-Sprachfamilie (Bantu-Zweig, JE Runyakitara)
| Bedeutung | Chiga | Runyankole | Nyoro | Tooro | Soga | Luganda | Kinyarwanda |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wasser | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaizi /amaizi/ | amaadhi /amaːd̪i/ | amazzi /amaːzːi/ | amazi /amaːzi/ |
| Feuer | omuriro /omuriro/ | omuriro /omuriro/ | omurro /omurro/ | omurro /omuro/ | omuliro /omuliro/ | omuliro /omuliɾo/ | umuriro /umuɾiɾo/ |
| Sonne | eizooba /eizoːba/ | eizooba /eizoːba/ | izooba /izoːba/ | izooba /izoːba/ | endhuba /end̪uba/ | enjuba /eɲɟuba/ | izuba /izuba/ |
| Mond | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | okwezi /okwezi/ | omwezi /omwezi/ | omwezi /omwezi/ | ukwezi /ukwezi/ |
| Stern | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | enyonyoozi /eɲoɲoːzi/ | enyunyuunzi /eɲuɲuːnzi/ | enyunyuuzi /eɲuɲuːzi/ | emuunienie /emuːɲeɲe/ | emmunyeenye /emːuɲeːɲe/ | inyenyeri /iɲeɲeri/ |
| Nacht | ekiro /etʃiro/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | ekiro /ekiro/ | obwire /obwire/ | ekiro /etʃiro/ | ijoro /iʒoro/ |
| Regen | enjura /eɲɟura/ | enjura /enˈdʒura/ | enjura /eɲɟura/ | enjura /endʒura/ | enkuba /eŋkuba/ | enkuba /eŋˈkuba/ | imvura /imˈvura/ |
| Wind | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | omuyaga /omujaɡa/ | empewo /empewo/ | empewo /empeːwo/ | umuyaga /umujaɣa/ |
| Erde | eitaka /eitaka/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | itaka /itaka/ | itaaka /itaːka/ | eitaka /eitaka/ | ettaka /ettaka/ | ubutaka /uɓutaka/ |
| Stein | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | eibaare /eiˈbaːre/ | ibaale /iβaːle/ | ibaale /iβaːle/ | eibaale /eibaːle/ | ejjinja /edʒːiˈndʒa/ | ibuye /iˈɓuje/ |
| Berg | omusozi /omusozi/ | orushozi /oruʃozi/ | orusozi /orusozi/ | orusozi /orusozi/ | olusozi /olusozi/ | olusozi /olusozi/ | umusozi /umusozi/ |
| Meer | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ | enyanja /eɲaɲdʒa/ | enyanja /eɲaɲɟa/ | enyanja /eɲaːndʒa/ | enhandha /eɲand̪a/ | ennyanja /eɲːaɲdʒa/ | inyanja /iɲandʒa/ |
| Mutter | nyina /ɲina/ | maawe /maːwe/ | nyinya /ɲiɲa/ | nyinya /ɲiɲa/ | maama /maːma/ | maama /maːma/ | mama /maːma/ |
| Vater | ishe /iʃe/ | tata /tata/ | isho /iʃo/ | isho /iʃo/ | lata /lata/ | taata /taːta/ | papa /paːpa/ |
| Tochter | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omuhara /omuhara/ | omughala /omuɣala/ | omuwala /omuwala/ | umukobwa /umukobwa/ |
| Ich | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nyowe /ɲowe/ | nze /nze/ | nze /nze/ | njye /ɲɟe/ |
| Du | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | ggwe /ɡːwe/ | wowe /wowe/ |
| Wir | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | iffe /ifːe/ | ffe /fːe/ | twebwe /twebwe/ |
| Name | eiziina /eiziːna/ | eiziina /eiziːna/ | ibara /iβara/ | ibara /iβara/ | eriina /eriːna/ | erinnya /eriɲːa/ | izina /izina/ |
| Mensch | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | omuntu /omuntu/ | umuntu /umuntu/ |
| Kopf | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | omutwe /omutwe/ | umutwe /umutwe/ |
| Auge | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | eriisho /eriːʃo/ | eriiso /eriːso/ | eriiso /eriːso/ | eriiso /eriːso/ | eriiso /eɾiːso/ | ijisho /iʒiʃo/ |
| Ohr | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | okutu /okutu/ | ugutwi /uɣutwi/ |
| Nase | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enyindo /eɲindo/ | enhindo /eɲindo/ | ennyindo /eɲːindo/ | izuru /iˈzuɾu/ |
| Mund | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | omunwa /omunwa/ | akamwa /akamwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ |
| Zahn | eriino /eriːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ | eriino /eriːno/ | erino /erino/ | erinnyo /eriɲːo/ | iryinyo /irjiɲo/ |
| Zunge | orurimi /orurimi/ | orurimi /orurimi/ | orulimi /orulimi/ | orulimi /orulimi/ | olulimi /olulimi/ | olulimi /olulimi/ | ururimi /ururimi/ |
| Hand | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | engaro /eŋɡaro/ | omukono /omukono/ | omukono /omukono/ | ikiganza /ikiɡanza/ |
| Fuß | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | ekigyere /ekiɡjere/ | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigere /ekiɡere/ | ekigere /etʃiɡere/ | ikirenge /ikirenɡe/ |
| Herz | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | omutima /omutima/ | umutima /umutima/ |
| Knochen | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | eigufa /eiɡufa/ | igufa /iɡufa/ | igufa /iɡufa/ | eigumba /eiɡumba/ | eggumba /eɡːumba/ | igufwa /iɡufwa/ |
| Blut | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | eshagama /eʃaɡama/ | esagama /esaɡama/ | esagama /esaɡama/ | omusaayi /omusaːji/ | omusaayi /omusaːji/ | amaraso /amaraso/ |
| Kacke | amazi /amazi/ | amazi /amazi/ | amazi /amazi/ | amaazi /amaːzi/ | amazzi /amazːi/ | empitambi /empitambi/ | amase /amase/ |
| Liebe | kukunda /kukunda/ | rukundo /rukundo/ | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | kugonza /kuɡonza/ | okwagala /okwaːɡala/ | urukundo /uɾukundo/ |
| Baum | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | omuti /omuti/ | igiti /iɡiti/ |
| Hund | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | embwa /embwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ |
| Katze | kapa /kapa/ | enjangu /endʒaŋɡu/ | paaka /paːka/ | enjangu /endʒaŋɡu/ | pusi /pusi/ | kkapa /kːapa/ | injangwe /indʒaŋɡwe/ |
| Fisch | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | eky'enyanja /etʃeɲaɲdʒa/ | encu /eɲtʃu/ | encu /entʃu/ | ekyenhandha /etʃeɲand̪a/ | ekyennyanja /etʃeɲːaɲdʒa/ | ifi /ifi/ |
| Vogel | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enyonyi /eɲoɲi/ | enhonhi /eɲoɲi/ | ennyonyi /eɲːoˈɲi/ | inyoni /iˈɲoni/ |
| Schmetterling | ekinyugunyugu /etʃiɲuɡuɲuɡu/ | ekihuguuhugu /ekihuɡuːhuɡu/ | — | ekihoiholya /ekihoiholja/ | ekiwoiwolo /ekiwoiwolo/ | ekiwojjolo /etʃiwodʒːolo/ | ikinyugunyugu /ikiɲuɡuɲuɡu/ |
| Ei | eihuri /eihuri/ | eihuri /eihuri/ | ihuli /ihuli/ | ihuli /ihuli/ | eggi /eɡːi/ | eggi /ˈeɡːi/ | igi /iɡi/ |
| Bär | edubu /edubu/ | edubu /edubu/ | edubu /edubu/ | edubu /edubu/ | — | eddubu /edːubu/ | idubu /iduβu/ |
| Pferd | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embaraasi /embaraːsi/ | embarasi /embarasi/ | embalaasi /embalaːsi/ | embalaasi /embalaːsi/ | ifarashi /ifaˈraʃi/ |
| Haus | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ | enju /endʒu/ | endhu /end̪u/ | ennyumba /eɲːumba/ | inzu /inzu/ |
| Milch | amate /amate/ | amate /amate/ | amata /amata/ | amata /amata/ | amata /amata/ | amata /amata/ | amata /amata/ |
| Honig | obwuuki /obwuːtʃi/ | obwoki /obwoki/ | obwoki /obwoki/ | obwoki /oβwoki/ | omudheenene /omud̪eːnene/ | omubisi gwʼenjuki /omubisi ɡweɲdʒuki/ | ubuki /ubuki/ |
| Salz | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | omwonyo /omwoɲo/ | omunyu /omuɲu/ | omunyu /omuɲu/ | omuunhu /omuːɲu/ | omunnyo /omuɲːo/ | umunyu /umuɲu/ |
| Wein | viino /viːno/ | viino /viːno/ | eviini /eviːni/ | eviini /eviːni/ | omwenge gw'emizabbibu /omweŋɡe ɡwemizabːibu/ | wayini /wajini/ | divayi /divaji/ |
| Reis | omukyeeri /omutʃeːri/ | omukyeeri /omukjeːri/ | — | — | omutyele /omutjele/ | omuceere /omutʃeːre/ | umuceri /umuˈtʃeri/ |
| Eisen | obutare /obutare/ | ekyoma /eˈkjoma/ | ekyoma /ekjoma/ | ekyoma /ekjoma/ | ekyuma /ekjuma/ | ekyuma /eˈtʃuːma/ | icyuma /iˈtʃuma/ |
| Rad | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enyamuziga /eɲamuziɡa/ | enkede /eŋkede/ | nnamuziga /nːamuˈziɡa/ | uruziga /uɾuziɡa/ |
| Seide | riiri /riːri/ | riiri /riːri/ | liiri /liːri/ | liiri /liːri/ | liiri /liːri/ | liiri /liːri/ | hariri /hariri/ |
| Buch | ekitabo /etʃitabo/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | ekitabu /ekitaβu/ | ekitabu /ekitaβu/ | ekitabo /ekitabo/ | ekitabo /etʃitabo/ | igitabo /iɡitabo/ |
| Essen | kurya /kurja/ | kurya /kurja/ | kulya /kulja/ | kulya /kulja/ | kulya /kulja/ | okulya /okulja/ | kurya /kuɾja/ |
| Trinken | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunhwa /kuɲʷa/ | okunywa /okuɲʷa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ |
| Schlafen | kubyama /kubjama/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kubyama /kubjama/ | kubyama /kuβjama/ | kutenduka /kutenduka/ | okwebaka /okweβaka/ | gusinzira /ɡusinzira/ |
| Eins | rumwe /rumwe/ | emwe /emwe/ | emu /emu/ | emu /emu/ | ndala /ndala/ | emu /emu/ | rimwe /ɾimwe/ |
| Zwei | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /iβiri/ | ibiri /ibiri/ | bbiri /bːiri/ | kabiri /kabiri/ |
| Drei | ishatu /iʃatu/ | ishatu /iʃatu/ | isatu /isatu/ | isatu /iːsatu/ | isatu /isatu/ | ssatu /sːatu/ | gatatu /ɡatatu/ |
| Vier | ina /ina/ | eina /eina/ | ina /ina/ | ina /iːna/ | ina /ina/ | nnya /ɲːa/ | kane /kane/ |
| Fünf | itaano /itaːno/ | itaano /itaːno/ | itaano /iˈtaːno/ | itaano /iˈtaːno/ | itaanu /iˈtaːnu/ | ttaano /tːaːno/ | gatanu /ɡataːnu/ |
| Hundert | igana /iɡana/ | igana /iɡana/ | kikumi /tʃikumi/ | kikumi /kikumi/ | kikumi /kikumi/ | kikumi /tʃikumi/ | ijana /iʒana/ |
| Hallo | oraire /oraire/ | agandi /aɡandi/ | oraire ota /oraire ota/ | oraire ota /oraire ota/ | mwaakire /mwaːkire/ | oli otya /oli otja/ | muraho /muɾaːho/ |
| Danke | webare /webare/ | webare /webare/ | webale /webale/ | webale /webale/ | weebale /weːbale/ | webale /weːbale/ | murakoze /muɾakoze/ |
| Gut | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ | kirungi /kiruŋɡi/ | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ | kurungi /kuruŋɡi/ | bulungi /buluŋɡi/ | kirungi /tʃiruŋɡi/ | byiza /bjiza/ |
| Neu | ekisya /etʃisja/ | ekisya /ekisja/ | ekihyaka /ekihjaka/ | ekihyaka /ekihjaka/ | iyaka /ijaka/ | mpya /mpja/ | gishya /ɡiʃja/ |
| Rot | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | kutukura /kutukura/ | myufu /mjufu/ | myufu /mjufu/ | utukura /utukura/ |
| Weiß | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ | kwera /kwera/ | ndheru /nd̪eru/ | eru /eːru/ | umweru /umweru/ |
| Schwarz | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | kwiragura /kwiraɡura/ | ndhirugavu /nd̪iruɡavu/ | ddugavu /dduɡavu/ | umukara /umukara/ |
| Grün | kinyaasi /tʃiɲaːsi/ | kibabi /kibabi/ | — | — | — | kiragala /tʃiraɡala/ | icyatsi /iˈtʃaːtsi/ |
| Computer | kompiyuta /kompijuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | — | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | — | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | mudasobwa /mudasobwa/ |
| Tee | cayi /tʃaji/ | chai /tʃai/ | — | — | — | caayi /tʃaːji/ | icyayi /itʃaːji/ |
| Zucker | sukari /sukari/ | shukaari /ʃukaːri/ | — | — | — | ssukaali /sːukaːli/ | isukari /isukari/ |
| 99 | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | makumi mwenda na mwenda /makumi mwenda na mwenda/ | kyenda na mwenda /tʃenda na mwenda/ | — | kyenda na mwenda /kjenda na mwenda/ | kyenda mu mwenda /tʃenda mu mwenda/ | mirongo cyenda nʼicyenda /miɾoŋɡo tʃenda nitʃenda/ |
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