Kishambaa
Schambala
Atlantik-Kongo-Sprachfamilie (Bantu-Zweig, Nordostküsten-Gruppe)
Shambala (Kishambaa, auch Sambaa) ist eine Bantu-Sprache (G23) des Usambara-Gebirges im Nordosten Tansanias und die Sprache der Shambaa. Das Usambara-Königreich unter König Kimweri ye Nyumbai im 19. Jahrhundert war eine bedeutende vorkoloniale politische Einheit. Roehls deutschmissionarisches Wörterbuch (1911) ist die früheste umfassende lexikalische Ressource. Im Vergleich zu Swahili haben moderne Sprecher kleinere Zahlen, doch Shambala wird in den Bergdörfern generationsübergreifend weitergegeben und besitzt ein reiches landwirtschaftliches Vokabular, das die Höhenstufen-Ökologie widerspiegelt.
Wo die Sprache gesprochen wird
Schambala: 87 Kernwörter
Quellen
Wörter im Vergleich
Verglichen mit verwandten Sprachen: Atlantik-Kongo-Sprachfamilie (Bantu-Zweig, Nordostküsten-Gruppe)
| Bedeutung | Schambala | Asu | Nyamwezi | Nyaturu | Swahili | Sukuma | Sena |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wasser | mazi /mazi/ | mende /mende/ | minzi /minzi/ | maji /madʒi/ | maji /madʒi/ | minzi /minzi/ | madzi /madzi/ |
| Feuer | moto /moto/ | mshika /mʃika/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ | moto /ˈmoto/ | moto /moto/ | moto /moto/ |
| Sonne | zuwa /zuwa/ | idhuva /iðuʋa/ | lyuba /ljuβa/ | yura /juɾa/ | jua /dʒua/ | liimi /liːmi/ | dzuwa /dzuwa/ |
| Mond | ṅwezi /ŋwezi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | ngʼwezi /ŋweːzi/ | umweri /umweɾi/ | mwezi /ˈmwezi/ | ng'weji /ŋweːdʒi/ | mwedzi /mwedzi/ |
| Stern | ntondwe /ntondwe/ | nyenyeri /ɲeɲeri/ | nsonda /nsonda/ | njota /ndʒota/ | nyota /ˈɲota/ | sonda /sonda/ | nyenyezi /ɲeɲezi/ |
| Nacht | kilo /kilo/ | usiku /usiku/ | buziku /buziku/ | utiku /utiku/ | usiku /usiku/ | bujiku /budʒiku/ | usiku /usiku/ |
| Regen | fula /fula/ | mvua /mvua/ | mbula /mbula/ | mbura /mbura/ | mvua /ˈmvua/ | mbula /mbula/ | mvura /mvura/ |
| Wind | mpeho /mpeho/ | mpeho /mpeho/ | myaga /mjaɡa/ | mpefo /mpefo/ | upepo /uˈpepo/ | nyaga /ɲaɡa/ | mphepo /mpʰepo/ |
| Erde | shanga /ʃaŋɡa/ | isanga /isaŋɡa/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ | irongo /iɾoŋɡo/ | udongo /uˈdoŋɡo/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ | mataka /mataka/ |
| Stein | iwe /iwe/ | ibwe /ibwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | igwe /iɡwe/ | jiwe /ˈdʒiwe/ | iwe /iwe/ | mwala /mwala/ |
| Berg | muima /muima/ | ntuvi /ntuvi/ | lugulu /luɡulu/ | gitanto /ɡitanto/ | mlima /ˈmlima/ | lugulu /luɡulu/ | phiri /pʰiri/ |
| Meer | bahali /bahali/ | bahari /bahari/ | nyanza /ɲanza/ | irambo /iɾambo/ | bahari /baˈhari/ | nyanza /ɲanza/ | bara /bara/ |
| Mutter | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | mayu /maju/ | mama /mama/ | mama /ˈmama/ | mayu /maju/ | mai /mai/ |
| Vater | tate /tate/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ | tata /tata/ | baba /ˈbaba/ | baba /baba/ | baba /baba/ |
| Tochter | ṅwana ywa kindele /ŋwana jwa kindele/ | mwana wa kibora /mwana wa kibora/ | mwana mukima /mwana mukima/ | muncha /muntʃa/ | binti /binti/ | nshike /nʃike/ | mwana wankazi /mwana wankazi/ |
| Ich | imi /imi/ | mine /mine/ | nene /ˈnene/ | une /une/ | mimi /ˈmimi/ | nene /nene/ | ine /ine/ |
| Du | iwe /iwe/ | uwe /uwe/ | gwegwe /ˈɡweɡwe/ | uwe /uwe/ | wewe /ˈwewe/ | bebe /bebe/ | iwe /iwe/ |
| Wir | ishwi /iʃwi/ | uswi /uswi/ | iswe /iswe/ | sese /sese/ | sisi /ˈsisi/ | yise /jise/ | ife /ife/ |
| Name | zina /zina/ | izina /izina/ | lina /ˈlina/ | rina /ɾina/ | jina /ˈdʒina/ | lina /lina/ | dzina /dzina/ |
| Mensch | mntu /mntu/ | mntu /mntu/ | munhu /munhu/ | muntu /muntu/ | mtu /ˈmtu/ | munhu /munhu/ | munthu /muntʰu/ |
| Kopf | mtwi /mtwi/ | mtwi /mtwi/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | itwe /itwe/ | kichwa /ˈkitʃwa/ | ntwe /ntwe/ | nsolo /nsolo/ |
| Auge | zisho /ziʃo/ | iiso /iːso/ | liso /liso/ | riho /riho/ | jicho /dʒitʃo/ | liso /liso/ | diso /diso/ |
| Ohr | shikio /ʃikio/ | isikio /isikio/ | itwi /itwi/ | ikutwi /ikutwi/ | sikio /sikio/ | gutu /ɡutu/ | khutu /kʰutu/ |
| Nase | mpua /mpua/ | fua /fua/ | nindo /nindo/ | mpura /mpuɾa/ | pua /ˈpua/ | lyulu /ljulu/ | mphuno /mpʰuno/ |
| Mund | kanwa /kanwa/ | momo /momo/ | mulomo /mulomo/ | momo /momo/ | mdomo /mˈɗomo/ | nomo /nomo/ | nkanwa /nkanwa/ |
| Zahn | zino /zino/ | jino /dʒino/ | lino /lino/ | ino /ino/ | jino /dʒino/ | lino /lino/ | dzino /dzino/ |
| Zunge | ulimi /ulimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | urimi /urimi/ | ulimi /ulimi/ | lulimi /lulimi/ | lirimi /lirimi/ |
| Hand | mkono /mkono/ | mkono /mkono/ | kukono /kukono/ | ukuboko /ukuboko/ | mkono /mˈkono/ | nkono /nkono/ | nkono /nkono/ |
| Fuß | mulundi /mulundi/ | ivunda /ivunda/ | kugulu /kuɡulu/ | mughuu /muɣuː/ | mguu /m̩ˈɠuː/ | lupambala /lupambala/ | mwendo /mwendo/ |
| Herz | moyo /mojo/ | ngiti /ŋɡiti/ | moyo /mojo/ | umutima /umutima/ | moyo /mojo/ | ng'holo /ŋholo/ | ntima /ntima/ |
| Knochen | vuha /vuha/ | ivindi /ivindi/ | iguha /iɡuha/ | ikufa /ikufa/ | mfupa /mfupa/ | iguha /iɡuha/ | gogodo /ɡoɡodo/ |
| Blut | mpome /mpome/ | sakame /sakame/ | magazi /maɡazi/ | sakami /sakami/ | damu /damu/ | mininga /miniŋɡa/ | malopa /malopa/ |
| Kacke | mavi /mavi/ | — | maafi /maːfi/ | — | Kinyesi /kiˈɲesi/ | maashi /maːʃi/ | matubzwi /matubzwi/ |
| Liebe | kukunda /kukunda/ | lumba /lumba/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | upendo /uˈpendo/ | butogwa /butoɡwa/ | kufuna /kufuna/ |
| Baum | mti /mti/ | mti /mti/ | muti /muti/ | umuti /umuti/ | mti /ˈmti/ | nti /nti/ | muti /muti/ |
| Hund | kuli /kuli/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | mbwa /ᵐbwa/ | mva /mva/ | mbwa /mbwa/ |
| Katze | nyau /ɲau/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | paka /paka/ | paka /ˈpaka/ | nyabu /ɲabu/ | paka /paka/ |
| Fisch | samaki /samaki/ | samaki /samaki/ | somba /soːmba/ | somba /somba/ | samaki /samaki/ | ndilo /ndilo/ | omba /omba/ |
| Vogel | deghe /deɣe/ | ideghe /ideɣe/ | noni /noni/ | nyonyi /ɲoɲi/ | ndege /ndeɡe/ | noni /noni/ | mbalame /mbalame/ |
| Schmetterling | hoho /hoho/ | — | — | — | kipepeo /kipeˈpeo/ | ibalabapu /ibalabapu/ | bemberuwa /bemberuwa/ |
| Ei | tagi /taɡi/ | igi /iɡi/ | igi /iɡi/ | ighe /iɣe/ | yai /ˈjai/ | igi /iɡi/ | dzai /dzai/ |
| Pferd | faashi /faːʃi/ | farasi /farasi/ | falasi /falasi/ | nyumbu /ɲumbu/ | farasi /faˈrasi/ | falasa /falasa/ | kavalo /kavalo/ |
| Haus | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | numba /numba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ | numba /numba/ | nyumba /ɲumba/ |
| Milch | mele /mele/ | mavee /maveː/ | mabeele /maβeːle/ | maya /maja/ | maziwa /maˈziwa/ | mabeele /mabeːle/ | nkaka /nkaka/ |
| Honig | woki /woki/ | nzoke /nzoke/ | buuki /buːki/ | ruke /ruke/ | asali /aˈsali/ | buuki /buːki/ | uci /utʃi/ |
| Salz | munyu /muɲu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | munu /munu/ | munyu /muɲu/ | chumvi /tʃumvi/ | munhu /munhu/ | munyu /muɲu/ |
| Wein | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | divai /divai/ | mvinyo /mˈviɲo/ | mvinya /mviɲa/ | vinyu /viɲu/ |
| Reis | muhunga /muhuŋɡa/ | — | — | — | mchele /mˈtʃele/ | — | mpunga /mpuŋɡa/ |
| Eisen | kiama /kiama/ | kighera /kiɣera/ | kisinza /kisinza/ | ichuma /itʃuma/ | chuma /tʃuma/ | jisinza /dʒisinza/ | utale /utale/ |
| Seide | halili /halili/ | hariri /hariri/ | — | hariri /haɾiɾi/ | hariri /haˈriri/ | halili /halili/ | seda /seda/ |
| Buch | kitabu /kitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | kitabu /kitabu/ | gitabu /ɡitabu/ | kitabu /kiˈtabu/ | shitabo /ʃitabo/ | bukhu /bukʰu/ |
| Essen | kuja /kuɟa/ | kurya /kurja/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kuria /kuɾia/ | kula /ˈkula/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kudya /kudja/ |
| Trinken | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kung'wa /kuŋwa/ | kumwa /kumwa/ |
| Schlafen | kugosha /kuɡoʃa/ | kushinjia /kuʃindʒia/ | kulala /kulala/ | kurara /kuɾaɾa/ | kulala /kulala/ | kulala /kulala/ | kugona /kuɡona/ |
| Eins | ṅwenga /ŋwenɡa/ | imwe /imwe/ | imo /imo/ | umwe /umwe/ | moja /modʒa/ | imo /imo/ | posi /posi/ |
| Zwei | mbili /mbili/ | avili /aβili/ | ibili /iβili/ | aviri /aβiri/ | mbili /mˈbili/ | ibili /ibili/ | piŵiri /piwiri/ |
| Drei | katatu /katatu/ | adatu /adatu/ | idatu /idatu/ | itatu /itatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | idatu /idatʊ/ | pitatu /pitatu/ |
| Vier | kane /kaːne/ | — | inne /inːe/ | inne /inːe/ | nne /nːe/ | ine /ine/ | pinai /pinai/ |
| Fünf | kashano /kaʃano/ | — | itaano /itaːno/ | itano /itano/ | tano /ˈtano/ | itano /itano/ | xanu /ʃanu/ |
| Hundert | gana /ɡana/ | ighana /iɣana/ | igana /iɡana/ | ighana /iɣana/ | mia /ˈmia/ | igana /iɡana/ | dzana /dzana/ |
| Hallo | — /—/ | shiloi /ʃiloi/ | mwadita /mwadita/ | mbukire /mbukiɾe/ | habari /haˈbari/ | mwangaluka /mwaŋɡaluka/ | mwadzukabwanji /mwadzukabwandʒi/ |
| Danke | asante /asante/ | mwasanga /mwasaŋɡa/ | twabakaba /twaβakaβa/ | asante /aˈsante/ | asante /aˈsante/ | nakulumba /nakulumba/ | ndatenda /ndatenda/ |
| Gut | mtana /mtana/ | mwamba /mwamba/ | soga /soɡa/ | kihi /kihi/ | nzuri /ˈnzuri/ | awiza /awiza/ | nadidi /nadidi/ |
| Neu | mpya /mpja/ | shaa /ʃaː/ | pya /pja/ | mpya /mpja/ | mpya /ˈmpja/ | pya /pja/ | ipsa /ipsa/ |
| Rot | nkundu /nkundu/ | nkundu /nkundu/ | laluku /laluku/ | ntune /ntune/ | nyekundu /ɲekundu/ | ndulu /ndulu/ | funga /funɡa/ |
| Weiß | yengʼaa /jeŋaː/ | jewa /dʒewa/ | pe /pe/ | njeru /ndʒeru/ | nyeupe /ɲeupe/ | ape /ape/ | cena /tʃena/ |
| Schwarz | size /size/ | jiru /dʒiru/ | pi /pi/ | njiutiki /ndʒiutiki/ | nyeusi /ɲeusi/ | api /api/ | psipa /psipa/ |
| Grün | manimani /manimani/ | — | — | — | kijani /kiˈdʒani/ | — | — |
| 99 | milongo kenda na kenda /miloŋɡo keːnda na keːnda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makumi kenda na kenda/ | tisini na tisa /tiˈsini na ˈtisa/ | makumi kenda na kenda /makʊmi kenda na kenda/ | makumapfemba na mapfemba /makumapfemba na mapfemba/ |
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