Tu'un Sávi
Metlatónoc-Mixtekisch
Oto-Mangue (Mixtecan)
Das Metlatónoc-Mixtekisch (Eigenbezeichnung Tu'un Sávi, „Sprache des Regenvolkes“) ist eine mixtekische Varietät der Region La Montaña im östlichen Guerrero, Mexiko, mit etwa 25.000 Sprechern. Es gehört zum mixtekischen Sprachkomplex der otomangischen Familie und teilt seine Abstammung mit den Dutzenden gegenseitig unverständlichen mixtekischen Varietäten, die in Oaxaca, Guerrero und Puebla gesprochen werden. Wie alle mixtekischen Sprachen ist es tonal (3 kontrastive Töne) und weist den charakteristischen mixtekischen Zwiezeilen-Versstil auf, der in der rituellen Redekunst verwendet wird. Die Sprecher von Metlatónoc stehen unter starkem Migrationsdruck — viele sind saisonale Landarbeiter in Nordmexiko und Kalifornien, USA, wo sie eine bedeutende indigene Diasporagemeinschaft bilden, die sich unter der Frente Indígena de Organizaciones Binacionales (FIOB) organisiert.
Wo die Sprache gesprochen wird
Metlatónoc-Mixtekisch: 87 Kernwörter
chocolate
computadora
té
Quellen
Wörter im Vergleich
Verglichen mit verwandten Sprachen: Oto-Mangue (Mixtecan)
| Bedeutung | Metlatónoc-Mixtekisch | Mixtekisch | Mixtepec-Mixteco | Wichita | Zapotekisch | Tojolabal | Guerrero-Nahuatl |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wasser | tiakuii /cakʷiː/ | ndute /ndute/ | chikuii /tʃīkʷíî/ | kicʔa /kitsʔa/ | nisa /nisa/ | jaʼ /haʔ/ | atl /atɬ/ |
| Feuer | ñuʼu /ɲuʔu/ | ñuʼu /ɲuʔu/ | ñuʼu /ɲṹʔũ̀/ | heːcʔa /heːtsʔa/ | gui /ɡi/ | kʼakʼ /kʼakʼ/ | tlitl /tɬitɬ/ |
| Sonne | ñuʼù /ɲuʔù/ | nikandii /nikandiː/ | nikanchii /nìkàndʒīǐ/ | saːkhirʔa /saːkʰiɾʔa/ | gubidxa /ɡubidʒa/ | kʼakʼu /kʼakʼu/ | tonajli /tonahli/ |
| Mond | yoo /joː/ | yoo /joː/ | yoo /jóó/ | waːh /waːh/ | beeu /beːu/ | ixaw /iʃaw/ | metztli /metstɬi/ |
| Stern | kimi /kimi/ | kimi /kimi/ | chuun /tʃũ̀ũ̀/ | hiːkwirikʔa /hiːkʷiɾikʔa/ | béleguí /beleɡiʔ/ | kʼanal /kʼanal/ | sitlalin /siˈtɬalin/ |
| Nacht | ñuu /ɲuː/ | chikuaa /tʃikʷaː/ | chikuaa /tʃikʷaː/ | ckhaːrʔa /tskʰaːɾʔa/ | gueela /ɡeːla/ | aʼkwal /aʔkʷal/ | yowalli /jowalːi/ |
| Regen | savi /saβi/ | savi /saβi/ | savi /sàví/ | — | nisaguié /nisaɡie/ | — | quiyahuitl /kijawitɬ/ |
| Schnee | nieve /njeβe/ | — | yuva /jùvá/ | hiraːʔa /hiɾaːʔa/ | nieve /njebe/ | sakal kʼinal /sakal kʼinal/ | nieve /ˈnjebe/ |
| Wind | tachi /tatʃi/ | tachi /tatʃi/ | tachi /tatʃi/ | niweʔeːrʔa /niweʔeːɾʔa/ | bi /bi/ | ikʼ /ʔikʼ/ | ajacatl /ahakatɬ/ |
| Erde | ñuʼu /ɲuʔu/ | ñuʼu /ɲuʔu/ | ñuʼú /ɲùʔú/ | — | yu /ju/ | luʼum /luʔum/ | tlajli /tɬahli/ |
| Stein | yuu /juu/ | yuu /juː/ | yuú /jùú/ | — | guie /ɡie/ | ton /ton/ | tetl /teːtɬ/ |
| Berg | iku /iku/ | yuku /juku/ | yukú /júkú/ | — | dani /dani/ | wits /wits/ | tepetl /ˈtepeːtɬ/ |
| Meer | tyañuʼu /caɲuʔu/ | nducha mar /ndutʃa mar/ | — | — | nisadoʼ /nisadoʔ/ | niwan paman jaʼ /niwan paman haʔ/ | mar /mar/ |
| Mutter | siʼi /siʔi/ | nana /nana/ | maa /māā/ | eciyeːh /etsijeːh/ | jñaa /xɲaː/ | nan /nan/ | nanan /nanan/ |
| Vater | tatá /tatá/ | tatá /tatá/ | tata /táta/ | taːtah /taːtah/ | bixhoze /biʃoze/ | tat /tat/ | tatah /tatah/ |
| Tochter | seʼe ñaʼa /seʔe ɲaʔa/ | seʼe siʼi /seʔe siʔi/ | — | — | xiñi dxaapa /ʃiɲi dʒaːpa/ | ʼixukil /ʔiʃukil/ | nochpoch /ˈnotʃpotʃ/ |
| Ich | yuʼu /juʔu/ | ruʼu /ɾuʔu/ | ruʼu /ɾuʔu/ | nacʔih /natsʔih/ | naa /naːʔ/ | keʼn /keʔn/ | nejua /neˈwa/ |
| Du | yoʼo /joʔo/ | yoʼo /joʔo/ | yóʼó /jóʔó/ | nasʔih /nasʔih/ | liiʼ /liːʔ/ | weʼn /weʔn/ | tejua /teˈwa/ |
| Wir | yóʼó / yuʼu /jóʔó / juʔu/ | yóʼó / ruʼu /jóʔó / ɾuʔu/ | yóʼó / ruʼu /jóʔó / ɾuʔu/ | — /—/ | laanu / laadu /laːnu / laːdu/ | keʼntik / keʼntikon /keʔntik / keʔntikon/ | tejuamej /teˈwameh/ |
| Name | sivi /siβi/ | sɨvɨ /sɨβɨ/ | sivi /siβi/ | hissaːrʔa /hissaːɾʔa/ | lá /la/ | bʼiʼil /ɓiʔil/ | tocaitl /toˈkaitɬ/ |
| Mensch | yuvi /juβi/ | yivi /jiβi/ | nivi /niβi/ | ihaas /ihaas/ | binni /binːi/ | winkil /winkil/ | tlacatl /ˈtɬakatɬ/ |
| Kopf | xini /ʃini/ | xini /ʃini/ | xini /ʃìní/ | — | ique /ike/ | ʼolom /ʔolom/ | tzontecomitl /tsonteˈkomitɬ/ |
| Auge | nduchi /ndutʃi/ | nduchi /ndutʃi/ | ntuchinuu /ndùtʃínũ̀ṹ/ | kirikʔa /kiɾikʔa/ | lú /lú/ | satej /sateh/ | ixtololo /iʃtololo/ |
| Ohr | soʼo /soʔo/ | soho /soho/ | soʼo /sòʔō/ | — | diaga /diaɡa/ | chikin /tʃikin/ | nacas /nakas/ |
| Nase | sitin /sitin/ | yuxijni /juʃihni/ | xichi /ʃìtʃì/ | — | xii /ʃiː/ | niʼ /niʔ/ | yacatl /jakatɬ/ |
| Zahn | nuʼu /nuʔu/ | nuʼu /nuʔu/ | nuʼun /nũ̀ʔṹ/ | aːkʔa /aːkʔa/ | laya /laja/ | ex /eʃ/ | tlan /tɬan/ |
| Zunge | yaa /jaː/ | yaa /jaː/ | yaa /jàá/ | hacʼa /hatsʔa/ | ludxi /ludʒi/ | akʼ /akʼ/ | nenepil /nenepil/ |
| Hand | ndaʼa /ndaʔa/ | ndaʼa /ndaʔa/ | ntaʼa /ndāʔá/ | iskʔa /iskʔa/ | na /naʔ/ | kʼabʼ /kʼaɓ/ | maitl /maitɬ/ |
| Fuß | xaʼa /ʃaʔa/ | — | tsaʼa /tsaʔá/ | asʔa /asʔa/ | ñee /ɲeː/ | ok /ok/ | icxitl /ikʃitɬ/ |
| Herz | ini /ini/ | ini /ini/ | ini /ini/ | sikicʔa /sikitsʔa/ | ladxi /ladʒi/ | altzil /altsil/ | yojlotl /johlotɬ/ |
| Knochen | iki /iki/ | yiki /jiki/ | kicheʼe /kītʃéʔé/ | kiːsʔa /kiːsʔa/ | dxita /dʒita/ | bakel /ɓakel/ | omitl /omitɬ/ |
| Blut | nii /niː/ | niñi /nĩɲĩ/ | nii /nìí/ | waːckicʔa /waːtskitsʔa/ | rini /rini/ | chikʼel /tʃikʼel/ | yestli /jestɬi/ |
| Liebe | kunduu ini /kundúː iniʔ/ | kundáʼú ini /kundáʔú ini/ | kúu ini /kúu ini/ | — /—/ | ranaxhii /ɾanaʃiː/ | skʼana /skʼana/ | tlazohtla /tɬasoʔtɬa/ |
| Baum | itun /itun/ | yutu /jutu/ | yutu /jút̪ù/ | tiyaːhkw /tijaːhkʷ/ | yaga /jaɡa/ | teʼ /teʔ/ | kojtli /kohtɬi/ |
| Hund | tina /tina/ | tina /tina/ | tina /tǐnà/ | kiciyeːh /kitsijeːh/ | biʼcuʼ /biʔkuʔ/ | tsʼiʼ /tsʼiʔ/ | itzcuintli /itskʷintɬi/ |
| Katze | vilu /βilu/ | vilú /βilú/ | vilu /vilu/ | — /—/ | mistuu /mistuː/ | mis /mis/ | miston /miston/ |
| Fisch | tyaka /caka/ | chaka /tʃaka/ | chaka /tʃàká/ | kaːcʔa /kaːtsʔa/ | benda /benda/ | chay /tʃaj/ | michin /mitʃin/ |
| Vogel | saa /saa/ | saa /saː/ | saa /sàà/ | ichir /itsʰiɾ/ | maniʼ huiiniʼ /maniʔ wiːniʔ/ | yal chan /jal tʃan/ | tototl /ˈtototɬ/ |
| Ei | ndivi /ndiβi/ | ndivi /ndiβi/ | ntivi /nt̪ìví/ | nikwiːkʔa /nikʷiːkʔa/ | dxita bere /dʒita bere/ | nolobʼ /noloɓ/ | totoltetl /totolˈtetɬ/ |
| Bär | oso /oso/ | oso /oso/ | — | — | oso /oso/ | oso /oso/ | oso /ˈoso/ |
| Pferd | kuayu /kʷaju/ | kuayu /kʷaju/ | kiti /kìt̪ǐ/ | — | maniʼ /maniʔ/ | kawu /kawu/ | caballo /kaˈbajo/ |
| Haus | veʼe /βeʔe/ | veʼe /βeʔe/ | veʼe /veʔe/ | akhaːrʔa /akʰaːɾʔa/ | lidxi /lidʒi/ | naj /nah/ | kajli /kahli/ |
| Milch | chichin /tʃitʃin/ | lechu /letʃu/ | xikui /ʃikʷi/ | — | leche /letʃe/ | lech /letʃ/ | leche /ˈletʃe/ |
| Honig | ñuñu /ɲuɲu/ | nduxi /nduʃi/ | ntuxi /ndǔʃì/ | — | dxiña yaga /dʒiɲa jaɡa/ | chab /tʃaɓ/ | necutli /neˈkutɬi/ |
| Salz | ñii /ɲiː/ | ñii /ɲiː/ | iín /ĩĩ́/ | — | zidi /zidi/ | atsʼam /atsʼam/ | istatl /istatɬ/ |
| Wein | vino /ˈbino/ | vino /βino/ | — | — | vinu /binu/ | yaalel tzʼusub /jaːlel tsʼusub/ | vino /ˈbino/ |
| Schokolade | chocolate | — | — | — | dxuladi /dʒuladi/ | tsʼanubʼal kakaw /tsʼanuɓal kakaw/ | chikolatl /tʃikoˈlatɬ/ |
| Eisen | kaa /kaː/ | kaa /kaː/ | — | — | guiibaʼ /ɡiːbaʔ/ | takʼin /takʼin/ | tepostli /tepostɬi/ |
| Rad | llanta /janta/ | — | — | — | rueeda /ɾweːda/ | rweda /rweda/ | — |
| Buch | tutu /tutu/ | tutu /tutu/ | — | — | guiʼchi /ɡiʔtʃi/ | juʼun /huʔun/ | libro /ˈlibro/ |
| Essen | kuxi /kuʃi/ | kasi /kasi/ | katsi /kàtsí/ | kaʔac /kaʔats/ | ro /ɾo/ | waʼel /waʔel/ | tlakua /tɬakʷa/ |
| Trinken | koʼo /koʔo/ | koʼo /koʔo/ | koʼo /kóʔo/ | kikʔa /kikʔa/ | ge /ɡe/ | ukʼ /ukʼ/ | koni /koni/ |
| Schlafen | kixi /kiʃi/ | kixi /kiʃi/ | kusu /kùsù/ | — | rasi /ɾasi/ | wayel /wajel/ | cochi /ˈkotʃi/ |
| Eins | iʼin /iʔin/ | in /ĩ/ | in /ĩĩ/ | chiʔass /tsʰiʔass/ | tobi /tobi/ | jun /hun/ | ce /se/ |
| Zwei | uu /uː/ | uvi /uβi/ | uvi /uvi/ | wic /wits/ | chupa /tʃupa/ | chabʼ /tʃaɓ/ | ome /ˈome/ |
| Drei | uni /ùnì/ | uni /uni/ | uni /ùnì/ | taw /taw/ | chonna /tʃonːa/ | oxe /oʃe/ | yeyi /jeji/ |
| Vier | kuun /kũũ/ | kumi /kumi/ | kumi /kùmǐ/ | taːkwic /taːkʷits/ | tapa /tapa/ | chane /tʃane/ | nahui /nawi/ |
| Fünf | uʼun /ũʔũ/ | uʼun /ũʔũ/ | uʼun /ũ̀ʔũ̀/ | — | gaayuʼ /ɡaːjuʔ/ | joʼe /hoʔe/ | makuijli /makʷihli/ |
| Hundert | ciento /sjento/ | iin cientu /ĩː sjentu/ | — | — | gayuaa /ɡajuaː/ | joʼ winkeʼ /hoʔ winkeʔ/ | ciento /ˈsjento/ |
| Hallo | saʼa /saʔa/ | nasáa /nasáː/ | nasáa /nasáː/ | — /—/ | padixhe /padiʃe/ | lekilukʼ /lekilukʼ/ | panolti /panolti/ |
| Danke | tatuʼun /tatuʔun/ | tachuʼun /tatʃuʔũ/ | tachuʼun /tatʃuʔun/ | — /—/ | xtiozenu /ʃtjozenu/ | yuj /juh/ | tlazohcamati /tɬasoʔkamati/ |
| Gut | vaʼa /βaʔa/ | vaʼa /βaʔa/ | vaʼa /vàʔā/ | acs /atss/ | nazaaca /nazaːka/ | lek /lek/ | kuajli /kʷahli/ |
| Neu | xaa /ʃaː/ | jaa /haː/ | tsaa /tsáà/ | — | nacubi /nakubi/ | yajkʼachil /jahkʼatʃil/ | yencuic /ˈjenkʷik/ |
| Rot | kwaʼa /kʷaʔa/ | kuaʼa /kʷaʔa/ | kuaʼa /kwáʔà/ | kwhaːc /kʷʰaːts/ | xiñaʼ /ʃiɲaʔ/ | chak /tʃak/ | chichiltik /tʃitʃiltik/ |
| Schwarz | ndiaa /ndiaː/ | jnuu /hnuː/ | nchaʼi /ntʃaʔi/ | — | nayaaseʼ /najaːseʔ/ | kʼikʼ /kʼikʼ/ | capotztic /kaˈpotstik/ |
| Grün | kuii /kʷiː/ | kuii /kʷiː/ | kuii /kwìjí/ | — | naberde /naberde/ | yaʼax /jaʔaʃ/ | xoxojki /ʃoˈʃohki/ |
| Blau | kuii /kʷiː/ | — | — | — | azul /asul/ | yaʼax /jaʔaʃ/ | azul /aˈsul/ |
| Computer | computadora | — | — | — | computadora /komputadoɾa/ | computadora /komputadora/ | computadora /komputaˈdora/ |
| Tee | té | — | — | — | — | té /te/ | té /te/ |
| Kaffee | café /kaˈfe/ | — | kafe /káfe/ | — | — | kajpe /kahpe/ | café /kaˈfe/ |
| Zucker | azúcar /aˈsukaɾ/ | — | asukar /asúkàr/ | — | dxiña /dʒiɲa/ | sakal askal /sakal ʔaskal/ | azúcar /aˈsukar/ |
| Orange | naranja /naˈɾaŋxa/ | — | tikuaa /tikwàá/ | — | naranja /naɾanxa/ | naranja /naranha/ | naranja /naˈranxa/ |
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