Kikaonde
Kaonde
Niger-Kongo
Kaonde (Kikaonde) ist eine Bantusprache (Glottolog L41), die von etwa 400 000 Menschen in der Nordwestprovinz Sambias gesprochen wird, mit kleinen Bevölkerungsgruppen jenseits der Grenze zur DR Kongo in Katanga. Kaonde ist eine der sieben offiziell anerkannten Regionalsprachen Sambias und wird neben Bemba, Nyanja, Tonga, Lozi, Lunda und Luvale im Grundschulunterricht und in den Rundfunksendungen der ZNBC verwendet. Innerhalb der L40-Untergruppe Lunda-Kaonde teilt Kaonde zahlreiche lexikalische Einheiten mit den Schwestersprachen Lunda (lun) und Luvale (lue), was die Lunda-Luba-Mfecane-Wanderungen aus der zentralkongolesischen Savanne im 18. Jahrhundert widerspiegelt. Sprachlich weist Kaonde typische Bantu-Merkmale auf (16+ Nominalklassen, komplexe Verbalmorphologie mit mehreren Tempora und Aspekt-Modus-Markern, ein Zweiton-Registersystem). Wrights Kaonde-English Dictionary (1985) ist das Standardwerk.
Wo die Sprache gesprochen wird
Kaonde: 87 Kernwörter
Quellen
Wörter im Vergleich
Verglichen mit verwandten Sprachen: Niger-Kongo
| Bedeutung | Kaonde | Bemba | Luvale | Lunda | Sambia-Tonga | Luba-Kasai | Kimbundu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wasser | mema /mema/ | amenshi /amenʃi/ | meya /meja/ | meji /medʒi/ | meenda /meːnda/ | mâyi /maːji/ | menha /meɲa/ |
| Feuer | mujilo /mudʒilo/ | umulilo /umulilo/ | kakahya /kakahja/ | kesi /kesi/ | mulilo /mulilo/ | kapia /kapia/ | tubia /tubja/ |
| Sonne | juba /dʒuba/ | akasuba /akasuba/ | likumbi /likumbi/ | itaŋwa /itaŋwa/ | zuba /zuba/ | dîba /diːba/ | dikumbi /dikumbi/ |
| Mond | ng'ondo /ŋondo/ | umweshi /umweʃi/ | kakweji /kakwedʒi/ | kakweji /kakwedʒi/ | mwezi /mwezi/ | ngondo /ŋɡondo/ | mbeji /mbeʒi/ |
| Stern | ntaanda /ntaːnda/ | intanda /intanda/ | tanganyeka /taŋɡaˈɲeka/ | katumbwa /katumbwa/ | nyenyezi /ɲeˈɲezi/ | mutoto /mutoto/ | tetembwa /teˈtembwa/ |
| Nacht | bufuku /bufuku/ | ubushiku /ubuʃiku/ | ufuku /ufuku/ | wufuku /wufuku/ | busiku /busiku/ | butuku /butuku/ | usuku /usuku/ |
| Regen | mvula /mvula/ | imfula /imˈfula/ | vula /vula/ | nvula /nvula/ | imvula /imvula/ | mvula /ˈmvula/ | mvula /mvula/ |
| Schnee | sino /sino/ | ubunga bwa mfula /ubuŋɡa bwa mfula/ | mbundu /mbundu/ | — /—/ | caanda /tʃaːnda/ | neje /neʒe/ | neve /neve/ |
| Wind | lubesha /lubeʃa/ | umwela /umwela/ | peho /peho/ | mpepela /mpepela/ | muwo /muwo/ | tshipepele /tʃipepele/ | kitembu /kitembu/ |
| Erde | mushiji /muʃidʒi/ | umushili /umuʃili/ | mavu /mavu/ | iseki /iseki/ | bulongo /buloŋɡo/ | buloba /buloba/ | mavu /mavu/ |
| Stein | jibwe /dʒibwe/ | ibwe /iˈbwe/ | lilolwa /lilolwa/ | ilola /ilola/ | ibbwe /iˈbwe/ | dibue /diˈbwe/ | ditadi /ditadi/ |
| Berg | mutumba /mutumba/ | ulupili /ulupili/ | pili /pili/ | mpidi /mpidi/ | cilundu /tʃilundu/ | mukuna /mukuna/ | mulundu /mulundu/ |
| Meer | kalunga /kaluŋɡa/ | bemba /bemba/ | kalungalwiji /kaluŋɡalwidʒi/ | kaluŋalwiji /kaluŋalwidʒi/ | lwaanje /lwaːndʒe/ | mbuwu /mbuwu/ | kalunga /kaluŋɡa/ |
| Mutter | bamama /bamama/ | bamayo /bamajo/ | mama /mama/ | mama /mama/ | bama /bama/ | mâmu /maːmu/ | mama /mama/ |
| Vater | bataata /bataːta/ | bataata /bataːta/ | tata /tata/ | tata /tata/ | bataata /bataːta/ | tâtu /taːtu/ | tata /tata/ |
| Tochter | mwana wamukazhi /mwana wamukaʒi/ | umwana mwanakashi /umwana mwanakaʃi/ | mwana wapwevo /mwana wapwevo/ | mwana wamumbanda /mwana wamumbanda/ | mwana musimbi /mwana musimbi/ | muana wa bakaji /muana wa bakaʒi/ | mona a muhatu /mona a muhatu/ |
| Ich | amiwa /amiwa/ | ine /ine/ | ami /ami/ | ami /ami/ | ime /ime/ | meme /meme/ | eme /eme/ |
| Du | obewa /obewa/ | iwe /iwe/ | ove /ove/ | eyi /eji/ | iwe /iwe/ | wewe /wewe/ | eie /eje/ |
| Wir | atweba /atweba/ | ifwe /ifwe/ | etu /etu/ | etu /etu/ | iswe /iswe/ | tuetu /tuetu/ | etu /etu/ |
| Name | jizhina /dʒiʒina/ | ishina /iʃina/ | lijina /liˈʒina/ | ijina /idʒina/ | izina /iˈziːna/ | dîna /diːna/ | dijina /diˈʒina/ |
| Mensch | muntu /muntu/ | umuntu /umuntu/ | mutu /mutu/ | muntu /muntu/ | muntu /muntu/ | muntu /muntu/ | mutu /mutu/ |
| Kopf | mutwe /mutwe/ | umutwe /umutwe/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | mutu /mutu/ | mutwe /mutwe/ | mutu /mutu/ | mutue /mutue/ |
| Auge | jiso /dʒiso/ | ilinso /ilinso/ | liso /liso/ | disu /disu/ | liso /liso/ | dîsu /diːsu/ | disu /disu/ |
| Ohr | kutwi /kutwi/ | ukutwi /ukutwi/ | litwitwi /litwitwi/ | itu /itu/ | kutwi /kutwi/ | ditshu /ditʃu/ | ditui /ditui/ |
| Nase | moona /moːna/ | umona /umona/ | lizulu /lizulu/ | izulu /izulu/ | impemo /impemo/ | diulu /diulu/ | dizulu /dizulu/ |
| Mund | kanwa /kanwa/ | akanwa /akanwa/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | kanwa /kanwa/ | mukana /mukana/ | dikanu /dikanu/ |
| Zahn | jiino /dʒiːno/ | ilino /ilino/ | lizo /lizo/ | iji /idʒi/ | linyo /liɲo/ | dinu /dinu/ | dizu /dizu/ |
| Zunge | lujimi /ludʒimi/ | ululimi /ululimi/ | limi /limi/ | idimi /idimi/ | mulaka /mulaka/ | ludimi /ludimi/ | dimi /dimi/ |
| Hand | kuboko /kuboko/ | ukuboko /ukuboko/ | livoko /livoko/ | chikasa /tʃikasa/ | kuboko /kuboko/ | tshianza /tʃianza/ | lukwaku /lukwaku/ |
| Fuß | kuulu /kuːlu/ | ulukasa /ulukasa/ | lihinji /lihindʒi/ | mwendu /mwendu/ | cituta /tʃituta/ | dikasa /dikasa/ | kinama /kinama/ |
| Herz | muchima /mutʃima/ | umutima /umutima/ | mutima /mutima/ | muchima /mutʃima/ | moyo /mojo/ | mutshima /mutʃima/ | muxima /muʃima/ |
| Knochen | kupa /kupa/ | ifupa /ifupa/ | lifuwa /lifuwa/ | ifwaha /ifwaha/ | ifuwa /ifuwa/ | mufuba /mufuba/ | kifuba /kifuba/ |
| Blut | mashi /maʃi/ | umulopa /umulopa/ | manyinga /maɲiŋɡa/ | mashi /maʃi/ | bulowa /bulowa/ | mashi /maʃi/ | manhinga /maɲiŋɡa/ |
| Liebe | butemwe /butemwe/ | ukutemwa /ukutemwa/ | zangi /zaŋɡi/ | kukeŋa /kukeŋa/ | luyando /lujando/ | dinanga /dinaŋɡa/ | henda /henda/ |
| Baum | kichi /kitʃi/ | icimuti /itʃimuti/ | mutondo /mutondo/ | mutondu /mutondu/ | cisamu /tʃisamu/ | mutshi /mutʃi/ | muxi /muʃi/ |
| Hund | kabwa /kabwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ | kawa /kawa/ | kawa /kawa/ | muvwa /muvwa/ | mbwa /mbwa/ | imbwa /imbwa/ |
| Katze | kapuso /kapuso/ | pushi /puʃi/ | katako /katako/ | — /—/ | kaaze /kaːze/ | nyao /ɲao/ | kasalu /kasalu/ |
| Fisch | jisabi /dʒisabi/ | isabi /isabi/ | shi /ʃi/ | inshi /inʃi/ | inswi /inswi/ | mushipa /muʃipa/ | mbiji /mbiʒi/ |
| Vogel | ng'onyi /ŋoɲi/ | icuni /itʃuni/ | kajila /kadʒila/ | kada /kada/ | kayuni /kajuni/ | nyunyu /ɲuɲu/ | njila /ndʒila/ |
| Schmetterling | kipupulwa /kipupulwa/ | icipelebesha /itʃipelebeːʃa/ | kauyauya /kaujauja/ | ipupwila /ipupwila/ | inkoonkolekwa /iŋkoːŋkolekwa/ | tshibiyibiyi /tʃibijibiji/ | kimbiambia /kimbjambja/ |
| Ei | jike /dʒike/ | ilini /ilini/ | liulu /liulu/ | iteta /iteta/ | iji /idʒi/ | diyi /diji/ | diiaki /dijaki/ |
| Bär | mbeyala /mbejala/ | bea /bea/ | ulusu /ulusu/ | bera /bera/ | bbeya /ˈbeja/ | — | ulusu /ulusu/ |
| Pferd | mbili /mbili/ | kabalwe /kabalwe/ | kavalu /kavalu/ | kawalu /kawalu/ | ibbiza /iˈbiza/ | kabalu /kabalu/ | kabalu /kabalu/ |
| Haus | nzubo /nzubo/ | ingʼanda /iŋːanda/ | zuvo /zuvo/ | itala /itala/ | ngʼanda /ŋanda/ | nzubu /nzubu/ | inzo /inzo/ |
| Milch | mukaka /mukaka/ | umukaka /umukaka/ | mavele /mavele/ | mayeli /majeli/ | mukupa /mukupa/ | mabele /mabele/ | lete /lete/ |
| Honig | buki /buki/ | ubuci /ubutʃi/ | uchi /utʃi/ | wuchi /wutʃi/ | buci /butʃi/ | buitshi /buitʃi/ | uiki /wiki/ |
| Salz | mukele /mukele/ | umucele /umutʃele/ | mungwa /muŋɡwa/ | muŋwa /muŋwa/ | munyo /muɲo/ | luepu /luepu/ | mungua /muŋɡwa/ |
| Wein | binyu /biɲu/ | umwangashi /umwaŋɡaʃi/ | vinyo /viɲo/ | vinyu /viɲu/ | waini /waini/ | mvinyo /mviɲo/ | vinyu /viɲu/ |
| Reis | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | umupunga /umupuŋɡa/ | loso /loso/ | losu /losu/ | mupunga /mupuŋɡa/ | losa /losa/ | loso /loso/ |
| Eisen | kapotwe /kapotwe/ | icela /iˈtʃela/ | fwelu /fwelu/ | chikuŋu /tʃikuŋu/ | butale /butale/ | tshiamu /tʃiamu/ | felu /felu/ |
| Rad | kitanga /kitaŋɡa/ | umupeto /umupeto/ | lifumbo /lifumbo/ | kafumbu /kafumbu/ | ivwili /iˈvwili/ | lukata /lukata/ | dilola /dilola/ |
| Seide | shilika /ʃilika/ | shiliki /ʃiliki/ | shiliki /ʃiliki/ | — | — | swa /swa/ | seda /seda/ |
| Buch | buku /buku/ | icitabo /itʃitabo/ | mukanda /mukanda/ | mukanda /mukanda/ | ibbuku /iˈbuku/ | mukanda /mukanda/ | divulu /divulu/ |
| Essen | kuja /kudʒa/ | ukulya /ukulja/ | kulya /kuʎa/ | kudya /kudja/ | kulya /kulja/ | kudia /kudia/ | kudya /kudja/ |
| Trinken | kutoma /kutoma/ | ukunwa /ukunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunwa /kunwa/ | kunywa /kuɲwa/ | kunua /kunua/ | kunwa /kunwa/ |
| Schlafen | kulaala /kulaːla/ | ukulaala /ukulaːla/ | kusavala /kusavala/ | kukama /kukama/ | koona /koːna/ | kulala /kulala/ | kuzeka /kuzeka/ |
| Eins | umo /umo/ | cimo /tʃimo/ | mwe /mwe/ | wumu /wumu/ | mwi /mwi/ | umue /umue/ | moxi /moʃi/ |
| Zwei | babiji /babidʒi/ | fibili /fibili/ | vali /vali/ | ayedi /ajedi/ | bili /bili/ | ibidi /ibidi/ | iadi /jaːdi/ |
| Drei | basatu /basatu/ | fitatu /fitatu/ | tatu /tatu/ | satu /satu/ | totatwe /totatwe/ | isatu /isatu/ | tatu /tatu/ |
| Vier | bana /bana/ | fine /fine/ | wana /wana/ | wana /wana/ | ne /ne/ | inai /inai/ | uana /wana/ |
| Fünf | batanu /batanu/ | fisano /fisano/ | tanu /tanu/ | tanu /tanu/ | musanu /musanu/ | itanu /itanu/ | tanu /tanu/ |
| Hundert | kitota /kitota/ | umwanda /umwanda/ | likulukaji /likulukadʒi/ | nkulakaji /nkulakadʒi/ | mwaanda /mwaːnda/ | lukama /lukama/ | hama /hama/ |
| Hallo | mwapoñai /mwapoɲai/ | muli shani /muli ʃani/ | mwane /mwane/ | — /—/ | mwabuka buti /mwabuka buti/ | moyo /mojo/ | nga ku menekena /ŋɡa ku menekena/ |
| Danke | nasanta /nasanta/ | natotela /natotela/ | nasakwilila /nasakwilila/ | nasakilili /nasakilili/ | twalumba /twalumba/ | tuasakidila /tuasakidila/ | nga ku sakidila /ŋɡa ku sakidila/ |
| Gut | kyawama /kjawama/ | cisuma /tʃisuma/ | mwaza /mwaza/ | chachiwahi /tʃatʃiwahi/ | kabotu /kabotu/ | impe /impe/ | kiambote /kiambote/ |
| Neu | kipya /kipja/ | cipya /tʃipja/ | chihya /tʃihja/ | chachiha /tʃatʃiha/ | pya /pja/ | mupia /mupia/ | kiobe /kjobe/ |
| Rot | chila /tʃila/ | kashika /kaʃika/ | chikuhwa /tʃikuhwa/ | chinana /tʃinana/ | subila /subila/ | kunze /kunze/ | kusuka /kusuka/ |
| Weiß | toka /toka/ | buuta /buːta/ | chitoma /tʃitoma/ | chitooka /tʃitoːka/ | salala /salala/ | toke /toke/ | kuzela /kuzela/ |
| Schwarz | fiita /fiːta/ | fiita /fiːta/ | chilava /tʃilava/ | — | siya /sija/ | fike /fike/ | kuxikela /kuʃikela/ |
| Computer | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | kompyuta /kompjuta/ | kopyuta /kopjuta/ | kopyuta /kopjuta/ | kkompyuta /ˈkompjuta/ | ordinatere /ordinatere/ | komputadolo /komputadolo/ |
| Kaffee | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kofi /kofi/ | kkofi /ˈkofi/ | kafe /kafe/ | kafé /kaˈfe/ |
| Zucker | shuka /ʃuka/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | shuka /ʃuka/ | shuga /ʃuɡa/ | syuga /sjuɡa/ | nsukadi /nsukadi/ | sukidi /suˈkidi/ |
| 99 | makumi atanu na ana ne itanu na ina /makumi atanu na ana ne itanu na ina/ | amakumi pabula na pabula /amakumi pabula na pabula/ | makumi atanu naawana navatanu navawana /makumi atanu naːwana navatanu navawana/ | makumi atanu nawana natanu nawana /makumi atanu nawana natanu nawana/ | makumi aali fuka afuka /makumi aːli fuka afuka/ | makumi tshitema ne tshitema /makumi tʃitema ne tʃitema/ | makuinhi ivua ni ivua /makwiɲi ivwa ni ivwa/ |
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